PAK DA (PAK DA): Rasha dabarun m-roka m na sabon ƙarni

Shin ya faru da mu zarar mãmãki a kwarai halittar mu zanen kaya da kuma PAK DA bai saya da model da real siffar? Magabata ya riga ya nuna a MAKS-2017 a Zhukovsky, ko yi musu wa'adi da suka yi a shekara ta 2018. Hakika, shi ba a sa ran cewa duk da jirgin sama, amma Tu-160m2 riga burge jama'a a full. Flight PAK DA a cikin nau'i na farko gwajin misali ne kawai sa ran a shekarar 2020, amma a sha'awan da shaci da "tashi reshe" iya riga yanzu dauke da model, a lokaci guda zuwa ga san ra'ayi na masana kamar yadda kwanan nan amince ga wani sabon sa na engine tunkuɗa su 23 TF.

engine

A ake kira "Mataki na ashirin da 80" ya ɓullo da wani dukan kamfani, kuma yanzu aiki tare da almara kammala. Wannan samfurin ne a motor-girma aikin da zai kai PAK DA, da akai batu na hira da jama'a tattaunawa, domin mafi yawan bangare daga cikin jirgin sama da kuma aikin injiniya ci gaba da nĩsa ba. Duk da haka, fitowan da sabon jirgin sama ya shafa a zahiri duk. Kila 'yan mutane a Rasha wanda ake fata su zama m, a lokacin da za su PAK DA, kuma dã ba su bi wajen ci gaban aikin a cikin wannan shugabanci.

Saboda haka, United Engine Corporation sanar da jama'a cewa na farko zane na wannan mota da aka soma, da kuma wani rukuni na zanen kaya sun fara ci gaba da aiki da takardun da wannan gagarumar jirgin sama. Mataimakin ministan tsaron kasar bayan tallafi na da daftarin zane ya sanar da manema cewa lokaci na da cikakken shiri na PAK DA cije fice. Domin da farko lokacin da ya shirya don ya dauke a cikin iska kawai bakwai ko takwas, da kuma taro samar da zai fara a 2029-m.

description

Dabarun makami mai linzami da ake ci gaba da KB "kirar Tupolev" kare makomar kasar, PAK DA zai yi yawa abũbuwan amfãni a kan duk halin yanzu data kasance model na soja jirgin sama. Ya za su yi kamar yadda da yawa da makamai, amma a lokaci guda zama marar ganuwa a cikin sama, kuma su iya amfani da cikakken wani hadahada.

Domin jirgin halaye na PAK DA - jirgin sama, ma mafificin wani harin da cewa abin da aka haife. Shĩ ne mafi tsawo zai sintiri a kan wajibi a cikin iska, shan kashe da kuma saukowa a cikin dukkan yanayi, yana da mafi kyau dangi. Amma da bukatun ga gudun na jirgin ko da mataimakin ministan Yuri Borisov ba la'akari da haka muhimmanci, saboda iska hari samu sabon fasali. Wannan sakin layi na rahoton zahiri zuga jama'a da abin ya shafa.

Game da fasali na sabon m

A tattaunawar da ya faru a Kazan jirgin sama shuka, inda Yuri Borisov zo a kan wani aiki ziyarar. A dalilin wannan ziyarar ban mamaki - Kazan fara tattara na farko sabunta Tu-160m2, wadda bisa ga masana, shine aiki a matsayin tsaka tsakanin mu data kasance dogon zangon-zirgar jiragen sama, da kuma cewa zai kunshi wani PAK DA (PAK DA). Ga, a wannan taron da shuka ma'aikata da kuma bayyana takamaiman bayani game da halittar wani sabon m.

Ga sake gudanar da aikace-aikace da sababbin na'urorin fasaha: mu masana sun koyi su dafa titanium, nauyi-taƙawa abu da kuma matsananci-haske. Fuselages dukkan Tu-160s aka samar da amfani da wannan hanya, wanda har yanzu ana kammala. Idan ba mu koyi sarrafawa mafi tare da titanium, za mu ba ganin irin wannan mai tashi dodo, da yadda ta yi ciki PAK DA (PAK DA).

bayyanar

A makirci kanta daga wannan jirgin saman - tashi da reshe - ba na gargajiya ga Rasha jirgin sama. Azahiri, mu PAK DA - jirgin da takwaransa na Amirka, Northrop B-2 Ruhu, kuma nauyi da kuma unobtrusive dabarun m. Bambanci ne cewa mu "jemage" zai sami wani titanium fuselage kuma, wata babbar adadin roba (kumshin) sassa. Kamar wancan ne aka halicci MS-21 fasinja jirgin sama, kuma ya juya waje sosai. Domin da farko lokacin da jirgin sama ya bayar zane halittar udlinnonnogo reshe, wanda aka sanya na roba - wannan nauyi-taƙawa, kuma matsananci-haske. Idan aka kwatanta da Boeing ko Airbus, mun samu wani fiye da tattali.

Amma baya ga PAK DA. M yana da baya m saboda da nata irin damar musamman fuselage. Yuri Borisov jaddada cewa, bukatun don aircrafts canza sosai da sauri a cikin dogon zangon-zirgar jiragen sama. Yanzu ba a bukatar supersonic gudun tare da samun damar zuwa kusa da sarari, saboda babu bukatar karya ta maƙiyi tsaro a cikin zurfin. Saboda haka za su iya da Tu-160 da kuma Tu-daidai jimre 160m2. Amma dabarun bombardirovschy PAK DA zai zama subsonic, shi ba zai iya ci gaba fiye da gudu fiye da yaro na sittin - da Tu-95.

"Sama tutsar sulug"

Irin wannan hangen nesa daga cikin halin da ake ciki akwai wani bayani, da kuma shi ne m. Musamman cikin sharuddan kudi. Kuma lalle ne, haƙĩƙa, a yau kora da makamai masu linzami da sauri, m, ne game da za a kai hypersound. Me zai sa a yi da jirgin sama ya yi abin da ya, bisa manufa, ba dole ba ne? Musamman tun da ya je don haka tsada tilas ba ne. Rasha m PAK DA in aiki ne kawai wani tsari na girma mai rahusa fiye da kowane supersonic mota. Yana ba a yi nufin ya karya tare da ta faɗa ta hanyar tsaro, wannan iska arsenal leisurely loitering a sararin samaniyar.

PAK DA ( "kirar Tupolev") zai kawo dogon zangon cruise da makamai masu linzami - wani cikakken m da stock. Alal misali, X-555 da kuma H101, wanda tashi daga uku zuwa biyar kilomita dubu. Kuma akwai wani more - latest, kamar yadda suka faɗa, m ga dukan abin da ta yi, amma ƙayyadaddu na wanda shi ne bude da asiri. A faɗa jirgin sama ya bayyana wannan Trend game da gudu yi. Alal misali, F-22, da Raptor, a karo na biyar-tsara jirgin saman soja, yana da kwarai maneuverability da supersonic gudu, amma ba daya ba kuma sauran masa, mafi m, ba da amfani, domin ba a zaci a cikin zamani yaƙi melee. Ba bindigogi zai yi magana, da kuma roka, da kuma shigar da makiya iska tsaro zone ba lallai ba ne.

Lokacin?

Lokacin da masana'antu samar da sabon jirgin sama zai je da mu shida-tsara PAK DA? A ma'aikatar tsaron da tabbacin cewa ba da zaran na farko a cikin wani rafi za a sa kerata Tu-160 a cikin sabon sunan. Wannan Tu-160m2, da kuma jirgin sama masana'antu da aikin sake amfani a nan gaba da kuma fasaha ta kusance, da kuma kayan aiki domin kauce wa biyan sau biyu domin ci gaba da kuma samar. Kuma a kan Tu-160m2 Information ya hukumance ba a MAKS-2017: samarwa fara, da kuma sabis a cikin Armed Forces, zai tafi a kan a 2021. Upcoming Tu-160m2 avionics zai yi ƙaura zuwa ga mafi dabarun m PAK DA. Kawai shasi da kuma injuna zai zama daban-daban. The aikin haka rage kudin kamar yadda zai yiwu.

Amirkawa, masu tasowa, da m Next Generation m a cikin nineties, da karshe samar kwanan ake magana a kai a cikin 2035. PAK DA fara da za a ci gaba a 2008, da kuma da taki na halittarsa Stakhanov fili so ba. Da fari dai, saboda muddin akwai wani yaki, inda ya kasance mai larura, kuma abu na biyu, da kudin na wannan aikin shi ne da gaske gigantic. Ya zuwa yanzu, an kiyasta a talatin da biyar dala biliyan. A Amurka, kawai don ciyar goma zane aiki, da kuma yadda za su yi da su zuba jari a dukkan, ko da kamar ba su sani ba. Saboda haka, a cikin wani sauri ko dai tare da mu, ko tare da su. Kuma da soja yi imani da cewa har ka dauki kashe Next Generation m, kuma mu PAK DA zai jira tare da bayyanar.

halaye na

The girma na sabon m zai zama da ban sha'awa: a kalla takeoff nauyi ne 110 tons. Alal misali, Tu-160, wannan siga 275 ton, na abin da kawai man fetur Tã 148. A kewayon da PAK DA, nuna a cikin sharuddan na reference, goma sha biyu da rabi kilomita dubu, da kuma nauyin da dangi da talatin tons. Wannan bai isa ba. Tu-160 kiwata arba'in da daya-ton da makamai masu linzami da kuma bama-bamai, amma B-2 Ruhu - kawai ashirin da biyu.

VKS-Cif na Rasha Federation bayyana cewa, wannan hadaddun ba shine babban jirgin sama da kuma ta kayan aiki. A hadaddun zai kai da makamai masu linzami da kewayon har zuwa bakwai dubu kilomita, wanda su kyauta yanke shawara inda, a lokacin da, a abin da tsawo da kuma a abin da gudu zuwa tashi. Jirgin sama - kawai ceto tsarin a yankin inda da farko-up zai faru. Bugu da kari, da PAK DA zai kai ba kawai da dabarun makamai masu linzami, amma kuma wasu makami - daidaici da kuma bayani na da halaye, ba a bayyana.

Saba da sabon

Engines ga sabon m ci gaba a Samara yanzu, "Kuznetsov". A tushe aiki a matsayin engine NK-32, da daya da aka sanya a kan mu dabarun kai harin Tu-160. Priedpriyatiya damuwa KRET riga tasowa avionics ga PAK DA. Bisa ga general yarjejeniya tare da jirgin sama masana'antun halitta hadade jirgin. A zane aikin KRET ma hannu.

Kamar yadda aka ambata riga, da fasahar za a iya amfani da kuma gwada, da kuma gaba ɗaya sabon. Wasu na'urorin da tsarin aro daga latest aukuwa wanda sun nuna mafi girma yadda ya dace da kuma AMINCI. Gaba daya sabon sighting zai kewaya a kusa da hadaddun, sadarwa, bincike da lantarki yaƙi.

masana sun ce

Amurka masana yi imani da cewa sabon soja jirgin sama Rasha wajibi ne domin a adana dominance da samfurin a cikin nukiliya girmamawa. A Amurka riga da a sabis goma sha tara ganuwa m B-2 Ruhu. Kuma yanzu kalma na Rasha - ko a 2025 izini goma sha biyu PAK DA farko rundujar soja masu dawaki? Soja gwani daga Romania Valentin Vasilescu tabbata za a ba, amma yana yiwuwa cewa kafin.

Next NATO masana tattauna fasaha halaye na nan gaba Rasha bambardirovschika. Sun sani cewa mafi m, Rasha za ta yi sabon m kama da American B-2 Ruhu, ganuwa zuwa radar. Hypersonic jirgin sama da yawa karami rawar daji da ke da babbar inertia, sabili da haka injuna PAK DA lalle zã da babban gogayya, ma, a daidai wannan hanya kamar yadda aka aikata da American kai harin.

balanci zato

The zane na PAK DA aka tattauna a daki-daki, da masana da kuma watakila ma dogon-winded. Babban ra'ayin shi ne cewa a cikin wannan girmamawa Rasha aro da ra'ayi daga ta guda biyar-tsara jirgin saman soja - da T-50, da kuma gida da aka sanya a cikin style of "mutum - kwamfuta dubawa" (MMI ra'ayi). Wannan zai tãyar da jirgin sama ba tare da matukan jirgin baki - atomatik.

A gida dole a dijital nuni Electronic System Flight kayan aiki da LCD launi allo domin kowane na biyu matukan jirgin, wanda zai tabbatar da aiki na wani lantarki dubawa don sarrafa jirgin. Amfani da fasaha na "stealth" takaita aikace-aikace na jirgin sama tsarin. PAK DA zai tashi da dare, saboda haka rawar da Airborne na'urori masu auna sigina ƙwarai ya karu, da kuma hypersonic gudun manual aiki gusar. Kammalawa: m, watakila, dã ya kasance da kyau, amma a Rasha da shi ba zai juya daga mai kyau (su ne na gaskiya, ba su sani ba, ya kamata ba da PAK DA hypersonic gudun).

So da PAK DA abũbuwan amfãni?

Masana sun ba ka tabbatar da abin da Ya so. The gidaje tare da ta musamman shafi na jirgin sama da zai bukaci a zahiri sau goma fiye da lokacin da za a iya sabis fiye da na al'ada kai harin. Kuma mafi muhimmanci - PAK DA bã za ka iya ka dauki amfani kafin Airborne farkon gargadi da iko (AWACS).

Duk da haka, wadannan amfanin za ta zama. PAK DA ba shi da wani abin da aka makala maki, ko sarari domin ragargaza da kuma roka ƙarƙashin fikafikan, kuma shi rusa sakamakon radar. Cikakken arsenal na makamai tam kulle up. Amma a kan dukan jiki - musamman shafi. Ba ganin ya radar.

Bugu da kari, ko da a cikin biyar ƙarni na kai harin, wani da ake kira marine yanayin, kuma a nan Rasha matukan jirgi da wani amfani saboda su gudu kwarewa a cikin Arctic ne babbar. Kuma tare da cewa, NATO masana, a kan tunani, m, tunawa yadda biyu Tu-160 (dabarun kai harin) ya tashi guda goma sha uku sa'o'i ba tare da MOTA KE SHAN MAI daga Rasha birnin Engels a Venezuela.