Oxford - birni a kan Thames da mafi tsufa jami'a. Description, photos

Oxford - daya daga cikin tsofaffin birane a UK - shi ne babban birnin kasar Oxfordshire. Located a kudancin ɓangare na tsibirin, a kan bankunan Kogin Thames. A birni ne da aka sani a ko'ina cikin duniya domin mafi kyau da kuma babbar jami'o'i a Ingila - Oxford.

References da kuma tarihin

A farko ambaci gari Dates zuwa farkon X karni. A zamanin d tarihin Ingila, "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle", shi ne ambata cewa a wuri na yanzu kauyen wani sufi. Tuni a farkon na XII karni, da nufin ilmantar da jama'ar na Ingila a cikin birni ya fara yi na farko jami'o'i a kasar nan, wanda daga baya ya zama mafi mashahuri makarantun ba kawai jihohi, amma kuma a duk faɗin duniya. Shi ne da godiya ga dalibai, don matsawa saukar zuwa yankin daga fadin kasar, Oxford, kuma ya kasance mai real birni.

A 1355, wani pogrom aka za'ayi, wanda ke haifar a cikin birni a kan Thames a tarihi University rasa 63 dalibai. Saboda wannan Locality (ko kuma wajen, gwamnatinsa) ya biya 470 (shekaru kusan biyar ƙarni) lafiya ma'aikata.

A halin yanzu, akwai game da 160 mutane dubu a Oxford, na da game da 30% -. University dalibai. A yankin na gari - 45 km ^2.

sauyin yanayi

A birni a kan Thames yana da wani hali Turanci, tare da m ake yin dusar ƙanƙara hunturu da kuma dumi gumi bazara sauyin yanayi. Saboda da kusanci zuwa teku da shi za a iya kira moderately teku. Janairu, da talakawan zafin jiki na -8 ° C, a watan Yuli + 18 ... + 22 ° C.

masana'antu

A arewa maso yammacin garin a nesa na 90 km ne dake cikin babban birnin kasar Ingila. Ta hanyar birni a kan Thames ne manyan babbar hanyar mota da kuma jirgin hanyoyi cudanya da gari tare da manyan cibiyoyin mulkin.
Industry akwai kusan ba ci gaba. Automobile Shuka aka located a wajen birnin na, wanda a farkon 2000s ya a ƙi, amma har yanzu aiki, sakewa da BMW Mini mota model. A gaba dayan tattalin arzikin birnin da aka gudanar a cikin tsofaffin jami'a da kuma na ƙwarai tarihi jan hankali.

gani

Musamman hankali ya kamata a biya su gina Radcliffe kamara. Cikin ganuwar na wannan gini ne daya daga cikin mafi girma da] akunan karatu, a duniya, tare da fiye da miliyan 2 kundin littattafai.

A harabar ma yana da wasu ban sha'awa abubuwa. Alal misali, Maddalena Tower - gothic gine-gine da tsarin da XV karni, Oxford ta Cathedral da Botanical Garden, kafa a 1621

A birni a kan Thames yana da yawa gidajen tarihi. Mafi mashahuri na su ne ma duqufar ga batun na jami'a - Oxford Tarihi Museum, University of Oxford Museum.

A birni a kan Thames yana 6 twin birane - Nicaragua, Jamus, Holland, Faransa, Sweden. Rasha birnin Perm ne ma twinned da Oxford.

Tun da birni - daya daga cikin tsofaffin a kasar, da tarihi abubuwa da suka tsira zuwa yanzu, akwai mutane da yawa. A birnin janyo hankalin tare da na da Gothic gine.

University da kwalejojin

A birni a kan Thames yana da babban janye. Kuma wannan, ba shakka, da jami'ar Oxford. Yana wakiltar wani raba administrative naúrar, kunsha na 38 kwaleji dormitories da kuma 6. A kwata na dalibai sa suna a cikin jami'a - da kasashen waje. Mata ya fara shiga da kawai a farkon karni na karshe, kuma na daban da ilimi da aka za'ayi kafin shekarar 1970

City a kan kogin Thames da mafi tsufa jami'a ne gida da sanannen da kuma musamman mutane - 4 dubu malaman, da yawa daga wanda suke mambobi ne na Royal Society da kuma Birtaniya Academy. Yankunan da horo dalibai suna da za'ayi a cikin 60 daban-daban kimiyya filayen. Bayan da ilimi, da jami'ar Oxford - shi ma wani kimiyya cibiyar da karfi tushe library. Daga cikin jami'a game da 50 Nobel yabon, a manyan yawan shahararrun masana kimiyya, artists. J. Swift, Stiven Hoking, Tim Berners-Lee. Thomas Hobbes, Margaret Thatcher - duk su a lokaci daya sun daliban jami'a.

City a kan kogin Thames da University yana a kan ta harabar. Kowane daga cikinsu shi ne batun Oxford - shi ne na musamman tarihi da kuma gine-gine da jan hankali. The most ma'aikata na da irin wannan shi ne Almasihu Church, gina a 1525, wannan aristocratic College saki 13 Birtaniya firaministoci.