Nature na Moscow yankin, ta bambancin da kariya na

Babban alama yanayi a Moscow da kuma Moscow yankin ne Gwargwadon wuri.

mai faɗi

Moscow yankin bambanta yafi lebur taimako. A yammacin ɓangare na falalen tuddai, ya kai fiye da ɗari da sittin mita. A gabashin rufe yafi fadi da kwarin.

Daga kudu maso yammacin zuwa arewa-maso-gabas lullube da iyaka na Moscow glaciation. Don arewacin shi ne mamaye glacial yashewa siffofin, wanda aka yi wa ado da stained darajõji. Don kudu yada kawai erosional taimako siffofin.

sauyin yanayi

Musamman yanayin Moscow yankin kayyade matsakaici sauyin yanayi zone. A ra'ayi na jinsin seasonality a lokacin rani yanayin ne dumi, da kuma hunturu ne moderately sanyi. Daya iya tsayar da karuwa a nahiyar arewa maso yammacin zuwa kudu-maso-gabas. A lokacin daga 120 zuwa 135 kwanaki, da talakawan zafin jiki ne da ke ƙasa 0 digiri Celsius. Yana yana wannan lokaci, daga tsakiyar watan Nuwamba zuwa marigayi Maris. Nature Moscow yankin saba da ma'anar shekara-shekara da yawan zafin jiki wanda jeri daga 2.7 zuwa 3.8 digiri Celsius.

kogi

All kwarara-ta kududdufai na Moscow yankin da dangantaka ta kai tsaye da Volga tasa. Volga kanta bends a kusa da wani karamin yanki na ƙasa a wani wuri inda ya ta'allaka ne da iyaka da Tver yankin. A arewacin Volga River aikin gandu kwarara, kuma a kudu - gandu na Oka, wanda shi ne mai tributary na farko da kuma na biyu mafi girma bayan da Volga a Moscow yankin. A waha na Oka kuma sun hada da aikin gandu na Moskva River, wani gagarumin rabo daga ambulaf Meshchery.

Jumillar adadin kõguna a yankin - fiye da ɗari uku. Su tsawon shi ne fiye da goma kilomita. Kowace daga cikinsu yana da wani kwari kwarara daga rijiyar-ɓullo da kwarin floodplains. A mafi muhimmanci shi ne da dusar ƙanƙara-ciyar. Ruwan Tsufana lokaci ne lokacin daga watan Afrilu zuwa watan Mayu. A lokacin rani lokaci, da sauran ruwa matakin ne in mun gwada low, tanã fita kawai idan akwai tsawo ruwan sama. Daga Nuwamba zuwa Afrilu, na kogin ya rufe da kankara. Shipping ne kawai babbar: Oka, da Volga da Moskva River.

ciyayi

Saboda gaskiya cewa Moscow yankin da aka located a cikin gandun daji da kuma steppe zones, m gandun daji rufe game da arba'in bisa dari na jimlar ƙasar yankin. A arewacin ne Upper Volga kwaruruka, yammacin - Mozhaisk, Lotoshinsky, Shakhovskoy yankunan. A wannan yanki da aka mika coniferous gandun daji, da girma da wanda yake spruce. Nature na Moscow yankin a cikin gundumar wakilta Meshchora Pine gandun daji. A cikin swampy lowlands za a iya samu a ware gandun daji na alder. A cikin tsakiyar da kuma gabashin ɓangare na kananan ƙasa girma coniferous da deciduous itatuwa. Dalili na spruce, Pine, Birch, Aspen.

A undergrowth Marinjãyi Hazel, wanda kuma ake kira hazelnut. A bambancin yanayi, Moscow yankin saboda kasancewar sa na subzones. Idan cibiyar aka mamaye coniferous itatuwa, dake kudu na deciduous gandun daji. Wadannan sun hada da itacen oak, Aspen, kuma Elm da Maple bar tare da kaifi. Wannan sauyin zone a matsayin Moskva-Oka tudun, arziki da manyan yankuna na spruce. A daukan hankali misali ne babba Lopasnya kogin. Oka kwarin maida hankali ne akan wani Pine gandun daji, ta wurin sosai yanayi ne halayyar da matakan.

A kudancin karkata, wanda ya hada da Azurfa-Prudsky yanki mamaye gandun daji-steppe zone. Saboda gaskiya cewa kowane yanki na ƙasar nome, na halitta hadaddun bai tsira ko da, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa. Kawai lokaci-lokaci na iya saduwa da lemun tsami ko itacen oak ɗan kurmi.

Saboda gaskiya cewa tun karni na sha takwas, da gandun daji da aka hõre m gizo, da yanayi na Moscow yankin ya canza a cikin rabo na itacen jinsuna. Softwood (musamman - Spruce) itace ra'ayi da ƙaramin menu kananan leafed wanda suke Birch da Aspen. Don kwanan wata, kowane katako yana da wani ruwa kiyayewa darajar, don haka yankan kusan wadanda ba babu. Hankali za'ayi maimaitawa aiki a gaggawa yanayin - a fannin nan da nan kusanci na Moscow.

A Shatura da Lukhovitsky kowa yankunan na fadama. Mafi yawansu ba su kasance a cikin gabashin ɓangare. Halitta fadamun sun kusan ba ya faruwa. Yawan 'yan qasar shuka rage-rage sharply, duk da haka, suna ƙara radiyo kore' yan wasu nau'in, kamar American Maple, saniya parsnip Sosnowski, Aquilegia vulgaris. A Nature Conservancy na Moscow yankin da muhimmanci sosai, saboda da yawa shuke-shuke da aka jera a cikin Red Littãfi na Rasha Federation. Wadannan sun hada da ruwa chestnut, lady ta sifila, da sauransu.

dabba duniya

Class na dabba bace a yankin wakilta badgers, otters, sunadarai, Otter, muskrat, ermine, rekun karnuka, hedgehogs, zomaye (Belyakov, ruwan kasa), shrews, weasels, Foxes, muz, daji boar, moles, berayen (baki, ruwan toka) , marten, beraye (gandun daji, yellow-, filin, brownies, beraye baby), Birch mice, mink, deer (daraja, dabbare, deer), muskrat, voles (ja, m, Pashennoye, ruwa, housekeeper), baki ferrets . A bambancin da yanayin da Moscow yankin ba iyakance ga jera jinsunan. A iyakoki saduwa da beyar, Lynx, kerkẽci. A kudancin sanaki Dwarf hamsters, hange ƙasa squirrels, hamsters, dutse marten, ferrets.

Mutane daya-daya yankunan iya fariya da karfi alƙarya dabbobi atypical ga wannan yanki. Wadannan sun hada da tashi squirrels, yawo squirrels, American, Siberian Roe barewa. Mai yiwuwa, wadannan sauran jinsinan aka shigo da daga sauran yankuna. A Moscow akwai fiye da dozin jinsunan jemagu Myotis (talakawa, baleen, kandami, ruwa), Jemage (gandun daji, dwarfs), noctule (ja, kananan, giant), biyu-launin fata, ruwan kasa plecotus.

winged fauna

Birdwatching hadaddun qunshi fiye da ɗari da saba'in jinsunan tsuntsaye. Dauke da wani babban yawan Tamarind, blackbirds, takaddamarsu, bullfinches, Nightingale, Korostelev peewits, fari shamuwa, da launin toka heron, gulls, toadstools, ducks, Ruddy. Akwai da yawa sparrows, mashi, ya yi cara ta da sauran wakilan da tsuntsaye da suke zaune a tsakiyar Rasha. Fiye da arba'in iri ake magana a kai farauta.

ruwa mazauna

Nature Moscow Region arziki a cikin tafkunan a cikin abin da ya yi kawaici mai girma iri-iri na kifi (ruffs, irin kifi, breams, groupers, roach, Rota, Pike-perch, Pike).

Class kwari yana da babban yawan iri. Alal misali, ƙudan zuma daya kawai sun dauki fiye da ɗari uku subspecies. Suna zaune a nan da kuma "mazaunan" na kasa da kasa Red Littãfi.

amphibia

Shida jinsunan dabbobi masu rarrafe arziki yanayi na Moscow yankin. Photos of wasu daga cikinsu za mu samu ko da a makaranta litattafan. Kadangaru (ciki har da gaggautsa, anguis, viviparous, nimble), maciji (kububuwa, kowa garter macizai, copperhead). Har ila yau, akwai shaida cewa akwai kananan alƙarya na fadama kunkuru a yankin. Class halittar dabba mai kafafuwa ne newts (talakawa, pectinate), toads (m da kuma kore), rana (ganye, daji, lake, kandami, edible), kowa spadefoot, Turai wuta-bellied toad.

kariya

A kasa aikin "Diversity Moscow yankin yanayi" ne aka yi nufi domin jawo hankali ga kasa al'adunmu abubuwa da suke da musamman muhalli, al'adu da kuma kimiyya da muhimmanci.

Yana dole ne a tuna cewa shi wajibi ne don adana da kuma kare su bambantakarsa cikin wani m anthropogenic tasiri a kan Bio-gidaje. Don wannan karshen, kafa kare yankunan. Wadannan sun hada da Oka Terraced Muciya Reserve (wanda shi ne a karkashin musamman kariya daga bison), National Park "muz Island", kazalika da mai zurfin farauta "Zavidovo" da kuma wasan reserves na tarayya muhimmancin.

Aikin "Diversity yanayi na Moscow yankin" disseminates bayani a kan musamman kare halitta yankunan na zuwa kasa da al'adunmu. Irin wannan gidaje raba rabo na biyu terrestrial da kuma na cikin ruwa surface, da kuma sarari sama su. Su suna cire daga masana'antu da tattalin arziki da yin amfani da jama'a dalĩli, da kuma yanke shawara na musamman gawarwakin ne batun musamman kariya tsarin mulki.

yanayi Monuments

Musamman a kare yankunan ne irreplaceable Bio-gidaje. Halitta Monuments na Moscow Region hada da fiye da tamanin ayyukan. The iyali abubuwa, mounds, kananan mazauna tsuntsaye, wasu yankunan na steppe mazauna, mãkirci kwaruruka raba gullies, mazauna na beavers, wuraren da tsuntsaye gida, kananan tabkuna, ƙauyuka, kananan gandun daji yankunan, kogin oxbow sakamako gwamnatin da nufin kiyaye ainihin jihar . dukansu suna cire daga ƙasar, da kuma kayyade ta ƙasar dokokin na Rasha Federation.

Kowane yanki na halitta na da fasfo, wanda ya ƙunshi bayani game da sunan, location, matakin na mika wuya iyaka, tsaro halaye, da halatta amfani da, da kuma lamba bayani na masu ƙasar a kan abin da akwai na halitta tsarin, da kuma bayanai a kan mutanen da suka riƙi kan alhakin rike biocomplex.