Mikhail Bulgakov, "Notes na matasa likita": summary da kuma bincike

Daya daga cikin farko ayyukan da rubuta Mihail Afanasevich Bulgakov - "Notes na matasa likita." Yana a fili gano ganewarsu da kuma imani na gaba mai marubuci, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin wa daga baya ayyukansu. Daga cikin babban siffofin za a iya lura da haske da kyau dara, watakila ma a wasu naivety. Easy a kan heroes of masa ayyukan Bulgakov.

"Bayanan kula da matasa likita," gaya mana wanda ya yanke shawarar ya kebe kansa da magani saurayi. Ga alama a farko m, komo acikin, amma yana yiwuwa samun zama dole kwarewa, akwai yarda da kai. Amma, mafi muhimmanci, cewa daukan babban harafin - babban alhaki ga mutane da kuma marasa lafiya wakilan da sana'a. Ya ko da yaushe rushes na wahalar da matalauta, da abin da yanayin da aka ba a kan titi. The aikin Bomgard yana sanya mai yawa soyayya, kulawa da dumi da ke taimakawa wajen marasa lafiya warke.

A protagonist na "Notes na matasa likita" bi ba kawai sa'a da nasara. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci a kan hanyarsa akwai matsaloli, wanda ya ba zai iya shawo kan. Saboda haka, ya mutu da takwaransa da aboki Dr. Polyakov a cikin babi na "Morphine". A cikin labarin "Blizzard" sweetheart na daya daga cikin haruffan ma ba zai iya taimaka. Duk da haka, likita bai kubuta daga baro matsaloli, kada ka yi baƙin, da kuma ci gaba da wuya manufa - ceton mutum rayuwarsu. Kawai da abu daya scares da protagonist aiki - ya powerlessness kafin cutar share haƙuri. Ya ko da yaushe yayi kokarin noma, bunkasa, saya sabon basira da ilmi. A wata kalma, wannan likita ne mai yawa aiki.

Labarin wannan ya kawo ta mahalicci, Mihailu Afanasevichu Bulgakovu, mai daraja.

Mahalli labaru daga cikin jerin, wanda ya rubuta Bulgakov, "Notes na matasa likita", quite unpretentious, amma su ba a panorama na rayuwar wani kauye dake cikin lardin Smolensk, kuma a lokaci guda bayyana halin da marubucin.

"The tawul da wani zakara"

Bomgard da zarar ya isa a wani sabon wuri, nan da nan ya fuskanci tare da bukatar gudanar da wani yanki. Sa'a, da aiki nasara, da haihuwa nas ya yabi shi da kuma ƙara da cewa, a fili, likita yana da kwarewa sosai a cikin wannan girmamawa. Bomgard amsa tare da yi rawa da cewa ya riga ya sanya biyu, da kuma dora alhakin kansa domin kwance.

"Blizzard"

The likita da aka aika zuwa wani m kauye a kan latsa kalubale da kuma a cikin hadari. Marubucin shawara a cikin labarin ne mai sauki: shi ba ya ba da damar da mãsu haƙuri ga ki likita xa'a, ko da wani cikas tsaye a hanya, da kuma ko da abin da yana daukan.

"Karfe ta makogwaro"

Yarinya a karshe mataki na diphtheria samun wata ganawa da wani likita. Bomgard, tsananin sauti jahilci kaka da uwar yaron, ya sa wani tracheotomy da kuma saka a cikin makogwaro a lokacin da karfe tube wa haƙuri ba a mutu ne saboda cunkoso. A labarin ƙare da wani magana, da: daga duk ƙauyukanta zo dubi yarinya tsĩrar da manoma, amintattu ne a cikin ilmi da cewa likita sewed har ta makogwaro karfe tube.

"Masar duhu"

Bulgakov, "Notes na matasa likita" ya ci gaba da wadannan labarin, wanda anecdotally bayyana jahilcinsa sauki manoma. Yana hulda da marasa lafiya da zazzabin cizon sauro Miller. quinine Hakika, ya wajabta da lasafta ga wani mako, ya yanke shawarar da ya yi wani lokaci, domin ba su so su jira dogon domin dawo da. Wannan abin da na fada mana wannan labarin Bulgakov.

"Morphine"

"Bayanan kula da matasa likita" ci gaba da aiki na "Morphine". Wannan labarin - mafi duhu na dukan kunshe a cikin tarin. Shi ne a gaskiya a monologue na daya miyagun ƙwayoyi shan tabar wiwi da morphine shan tabar wiwi, ya kashe kansa likita Bomgarda abokan aiki. Bulgakov ya sosai saba da wannan topic, kamar yadda ya ratsa ta cikin gari, dangane da abu, amma sami ƙarfin da shawo kan cutar, sabanin Polyakova, wannan matalauta likita. Multi-page poignant labaru, wanda aka halitta da Mikhail Bulgakov ( "Notes na matasa likita"), yana nuna tsoro da shan kwayoyi da ta makawa na karshe - halin kirki rage daraja, asarar abokai da kuma masõyansa, hali rarrabuwa.

"Baftisma ta juyo"

Bomgrad aka tilasta ya dauki wani wuya haihuwa. Ba da ciwon da wani gwaninta a cikin wannan, ya feverishly karanta a hankali kafin aiki a manual, amma a karshen likita yana dogara ne kawai a kan masu sana'a diraya. A lokacin da kake gama lafiya, ya karanta littafin sake da kuma lura cewa duk da a baya m wuri ya yanzu cikakke sarai. Littafi m kwarewa ya tabbatar, ya ce Bulgakov. A littafin "Notes na matasa likita," ci gaba da wadannan labarin.

"Babu Eye"

Bomgard a cikin wannan aiki ya takaita shekara ta fari ta yi a Murevskoy asibiti, Notes da wasu mamaki cewa da yawa ya canza duka biyu azahiri da badini, ya tuna min da daban-daban m lokuta. Yanzu, godiya ga kwarewa, ya dubi ba tare da tsoron wani sabon hali, amma daga matsananciyar girman kai medic ceto waɗanda a cikin abin wuce kima samuwar hana shi ga ganewar da bayyane, kuma sauki (misali, al'amarin da "m" ido). The matasa 23-shekara likita ya ce: a kowace shekara zai kawo irin wannan surprises, da kuma ilmantarwa ba ya hana taba.

"Taurarin rash"

A wannan labarin, likita na fuskantar cike da ya haifar da syphilis kuma a fili fahimci cewa wannan mummunan cuta yana da wani zaman jama'a hali, wanda shi ne dalilin da ya sa shi ya zama mafi wuya ga rike fiye da wani rashin lafiya. Bomgard farawa m da protracted gwagwarmaya tare da syphilis, amma a karshen dole ne in shigar da cewa ga nasara magani na bukatar wani tsarin da zai iya karya da tsoro da cutar tsakanin manoma.

"Na kashe shi"

Kammala wani zagayowar cewa ya halitta Bulgakov ( "Notes na matasa likita"), da labarin "Na kashe shi." Bomgard faɗa masa labarin Yashvin, da takwaransa, gabatar a matsayin kawai likita da bindiga, ba tare da wani wukar yin aikin tiyata. Yashvin labarin faruwa a Kiev a 1919. Doctor kan tilas dauka Petliurists regimental likita da kuma gabatar da zama ƙarƙashin Kanar Leshchenko. Kallon azabtarwa, kisan kai, da tashin hankali da kuma m hali na zamani na yakin basasa, Yashvin ya aikata yana yiwuwa su wuya halin kirki zabi. Human dabi'u a lokaci guda sa up wani kwararren likita xa'a. Wannan ne mai wuya rikici, shan la'akari kuma da cewa shi ya auku a gaban wakilin irin wannan m sana'a.