Mene ne wadan da "abin da suka ci?"

A amsar wannan tambaya da cewa shi ne endemic a labarin kasa, misali, samun zai zama da wuya sosai, amma shi ne mafi alhẽri juya zuwa ilmin halitta da kuma la'akari da wannan mas'ala daga nazarin halittu gefe.

Definition, description, wadan

Kira endemic jinsunan - wakilan biyu Flora da fauna da cewa rayuwa a kan wani fairly ware yankunan ko iyakance yankunan. Sau da yawa wadannan yankunan su ne waxanda muhalli ko Gwargwadon dalilai an rabu da sauran na duniya. Bugu da kari, data yankunan halin conserved habitats, watau wadanda inda yanayi na zama na endemic jinsunan ba su canza na dogon lokaci.

Saboda m adam aiki da yawa na yau jinsunan shuke-shuke da dabbobi suna motsi a cikin wani sashe na rare ko endemic, cewa karfafa mutane su tsayar da kasa Parks da kuma reserves domin ya kula da kara yawan jama'a da sauran dabbobi. Al'ummar duniya da wuya a gane abin da yake fama da su mu nan gaba. A mafi nau'in gabatar a sashe endemic, da more muka iyakance su wuraren kiwon dabbobi da kuma shuke-shuke gudãnar mazauna kama.

rarrabuwa na endemics

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa endemic jinsunan da cewa rayuwa a cikin ƙasa na daya kawai Hamada (Welwitschia ban mamaki, wanda ke tsiro na musamman a cikin Namib Desert), daya tsibirin ko daya daga cikin kunya (akwai wani subspecies na hummingbird da cewa na zaune a kan wani guda Dutsen Chimborazo, located in South America), da ake kira uzkoendemichnymi. Domin a karshe ya fahimci abin da yake fama da, ya zama saba da na asali rarrabuwa, inda irin wannan nau'in ya kasu kashi neoendemics (m endemic) da kuma paleoendemikov (relict endemic).

Neoendemics kira wannan nazarin halittu halittun (jinsin), wanda ci gaba a layi daya zuwa ta "gida", amma a wani zama ruwan dare yankin, misali a cikin m da tsibiran daga nahiyoyi. Alal misali, a Madagascar 65% na ciyayi kunshi endemic jinsunan, a Hawaii, da yawan karu zuwa 90%. Har ila yau, wadannan sun hada da wasu daga cikin jinsin da suke zaune a cikin Crimea, a kan lake, da Seychelles, da tsibirin Saint Helena, British Tsibirin, da dai sauransu Kuma, ba shakka, yadda za a yi magana game da abin da yake fama da, idan ba su ambaci mafi kyau-aka sani wakilan ..: kangaroos da koalas. Sun zo a cikin infraclass da cewa na zaune na musamman a Australia.

Paleoendemikami wannan nau'in bayyana a sakamakon da kusan cikakkiyar nau'i nau'i daga gare su, a kan manyan sassa na tsoffin jeri. Saurã daga wadannan tsoho wakilan tsira, yafi saboda su sosai kadaici daga mafi ci gaba. Relict endemic jinsunan sukan kira zaune burbushin, tun suna da babban wakilan da mazan kungiyoyin, wanda ya rayu shekaru masu yawa da suka wuce. Wadannan sun hada da crossopterygian kifi (coelacath) klyuvogolovye dabbobi masu rarrafe (Tuatara), crocodiles, kofaton kaguwa, lungfish (protopter) monotremes (viper platypus) da t. D.

endemic of America

North America ne ta bambancin da endemic jinsunan cancanci da hankali. Daya daga cikin mafi recognizable jinsunan shuke-shuke na ga irin wannan da kuma located a kan ƙasa na Amurka, shi ne wata katuwar bishiya Sequoia, mutum wakilan wanda da yan unguwa mai suna ko da nasu sunayen. By da wadan shuka iri kuma ya hada Pine Balfour, tansy Huron, pachycormus discolor m, Obregon de Negri da t. D. Daga fauna endemic duniya na North America za a iya gano gandun daji bauna, cougar, American baki bear, Mississippi kada, da kuma bullfrog (da shi ya kai wani tsawon 20 cm) da kuma California condor.

Baikal - da lu'u-lu'u na Siberia

Don gane da abin da yake fama da su Lake Baikal, muna bukatar kawai rubutu cewa Flora da fauna da lake ta 65% kunshi endemic jinsunan. Saboda haka, daga nan a cikin 2600 nau'in halittu masu rai da kuma subspecies na dan kadan fiye da 1,000 halittun, game da 95 danginsu, game da 10 iyalansu su ne mambobi na fama da duniya. Daya daga cikin shahararrun Lake Baikal endemics za a iya kira da Baikal hatimi (hatimi), daya daga cikin kawai ruwa tare da hatimi jinsunan a duniya. Yana kuma sun hada da lake endemic jinsunan da kuma iyalansu, golomyanka, zheltokrylye (tẽku mai zurfi, kifi) Baikalian omul (Salmonidae iyali) Baikalian epishura (crustaceans, kai talakawan size of game 1.5-2 mm) da kuma, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, Baikalian hatimi.