Mariinsky Palace, St. Petersburg. Tarik St. Petersburg

Mariinsky Palace na Saint-Petersburg ne daya daga cikin mafi mashahuri jan hankali na arewacin babban birnin kasar. Ginin da aka gina a cikin style of gargajiya gine da yawa ãyõyin eclecticism. Zai yiwu irin wannan m fassarar classicism ne saboda gaskiya cewa fada da aka gina domin Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna, 'yar Nicholas I, wanda dan lokaci ya zauna da ita sabon miji - Duke Maksimilianom Leyhtenbergskim a cikin Winter Palace. The sarki so cewa newlyweds da nasu wurin zama.

A tarihin Mariinsky Palace

Northern babban birnin na Rasha shi ne a gane cibiyar na duniya al'ada. Jamhuriyar Saint Petersburg ne bambancin. A cikin wannan birnin da akwai da yawa addini gine-gine, manyan memorials. Yi a kan mafi yawansu aka za'ayi a cikin karni na sha takwas. A kudancin St. Ishaku Square, inda a yau aka located Mariinsky Palace, St. Petersburg, an samu a 1761 a cikin dũkiyar Count Chernyshevym Ivanom Grigorevichem, wanda Ya yi nufin gina a kan sararin yankin na Multi-storey gidan. A erection aka wakkala a Faransa m Jean-Baptiste Vallin de la Mothe, wani farfesa, shahararren masani, a gina fadar gidaje. Godiya ga shi, St. Petersburg gine samu irin Masterpieces kamar yadda Gostiny Dvor, da Yusupov Palace a kan Moika, da na mallaka Academy of Arts.

A cikin bazara na 1765 Lieutenant-Janar Count Ivan Grigorevich Chernyshev tare da iyalinsa ya koma wani sabon uku-labarin qasaita. Luxuries - don haka shi ne zai yiwu don faye hali da fadar farin marmara kawo daga Italiya.

A watan Disamba, 1766 da Count Chernyshev ta qasaita, ziyarci Empress Catherine II, wanda shi aka dafa na musamman kujera da ta sunan, a zaune a wadda ta taka cards. A cikin rashi na monarch wurin zama rufe kyalle da bargo har na gaba ziyarar.

A 1839, Count qasaita aka rushe kuma yi ya fara a kan wani babban gini a wurinsa, inda aka mai suna a cikin girmamawa nan gaba farka na Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna, kuma har yanzu Bears sunan Mariinsky.

Ƙin na marmara

A fadar aka gina ta m AI Shtakenshnejdera, wanda ya jagoranci aiki daidai da na'urorin fasahar zamani. The m kokarin amfani da matsayin kadan zai yiwu na katako kayan, to rage hadarin wuta. Overlaps aka sanya daga karfe da duwatsu slabs. Tare da ni'imar da sarki ta m ya yi watsi da marmara, da kuma duk ciki datsa aka sanya na sandstone, ta hanyar abin da garun rike zafi na dogon lokaci.

layout

gargajiya facade na fada da shawarar wani gargajiya layout a cikin nau'i na dogon suite na da dakuna, sadarwa da juna, amma da ainihin wurin da gabatarwa ya sha bamban. Grand bene canja daga babban facade na cibiyar ga gefen hagu na haraba. pomposity kudi rage, amma ya zama warmer.

A hawa na biyu na fadar gine hadisai da aka mutunta. Biyu daga cikin suite, located perpendicularly ratsa ta samar da wata Hall-rotunda. Next ne Pompeian falo, m ga falo da M M cin abinci.

bariki

Duchess Maria Nikolaevna ya fara tare da liyafar dakin, bi da ofishin. A layi na da dakuna na ci gaba da gida mai dakuna, boudoir, gidan wanka da kuma wani dakin, kusurwa, ko M. A dama da reshe ya kasance na musamman gangara zuwa babba benaye. Yana da aka jerin m gangaren span, wanda zai iya tafiya ko hau a cikin wani karamin buggy. A garesu na wani hanya za mu dasa m shuke-shuke, da samar da wani wurare masu zafi yanayi. Tafiya a kan wani makeshift dutsen hanya yana da amfani effects a kan sautin na mazaunan fādar.

Fili Leuchtenberg

Husband na Maria Nikolaevna zauna a ɗakunan da windows a St. Ishaku Square. Ya bẽnãye fara da bukukuwan liyafar, wanda dade a billiard daki, a falo kuma wani Baturke binciken. Akwai kuma wani m tarin makamai. A kan benen kasa zuwa Maximilian ya undeveloped ɗakin sujada tare da stained-gilashi windows. Stained-gilashi windows kawo daga Jamus birnin Munich, da Duke mahaifarsa.

Karshen yi

Bayan da Mariinsky Palace na Saint Petersburg da aka gina, shi da aka bude don samun dama ta jama'a. Kowa zai kalle shi, kuma ko da a ziyarci wani gidan coci, dake a cikin ɗaki ƙarƙashin marufi. Masu ziyara hawa sama da matakala daga zaure, da gangara ya bude kawai rabin, da kuma fitar da shi a kan babu rufin.

Hidima da majalisarsa rayu a kan uku bene a wani reshe na gidan sarki, wanda aka mai suna da Officer da kuma Chamberlain. Halin da gaskiyar cewa duk gabatarwa na Mariinsky Palace yardar kaina ya ruwaito, ya babu inda a ƙuntata yankunan ko masu zaman kansu da dakuna. Duchess Maria Nikolaevna professed waje salon, ta kasance don sadarwa, da kuma bukata daga bayinsa guda.

Duke na Mutuwa

A 1852, yana da shekaru 35 shekaru da ya rasu Maksimilian Leyhtenbergsky, da barin Maria Nikolaevna 'ya'ya biyu - Eugene da kuma George, wanda bayan aure zaunar da matansu a cikin gabashin ɓangare na fadar, inda ya rayu har mutuwar mahaifiyarsa, Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna, wanda ya mutu a 1876. By lokacin da Mariinsky Palace na Saint Petersburg da aka nauyaya basusuka, da kuma magada dauke da kawai daidai yanke shawarar sayar da mahaifansa biyu 'gida. Duk da haka, masu saye ba su samu, sa'an nan ginin da aka sa a kan rikodin a sarki taskar sashen.

Cibiyar da Rasha statehood

A 1884, da St. Petersburg Mariinsky Palace zama baitulmali na gidan sarki don uku da miliyan rubles, kuma ya kasance jiha dukiya. Yuli 14, 1884, Sarkin sarakuna Alexander III hannu doka, bisa ga abin da fada da aka ayyana da hukuma wuri domin tarurruka na majalisar gudanarwar kasar Sin. Kuma a watan Fabrairu 1885 a Mariinsky Palace housed kwamitin ministoci kwamitoci, da Jihar Chancellery da Special Office for ro wa sarki.

tsarkakewa

Fabrairu 11, 1885 Mariinsky Palace aka zayyana cibiyar Rasha statehood. Ba firistoci da aka gudanar na musamman da sabis da keɓewarsa ta ginin da ciki.

A lokacin da a 1905 ta kafa jihar Duma, ya kumbura jihar Council. A rotunda na fada da aka daina saukar da duk mahalarta. A karkashin ɗakin shari'a dauki hunturu lambu, wanda aka halin restructured, da kuma Oktoba 15, 1908, majalisar gudanarwar kasar Sin da aka aiki a cikin sabon yanayi.

sabon lokaci

A Fabrairu juyin juya halin na 1917 shekaru, da yawa ya canza a kasar. Da farko akwai da wucin gwamnatin, wanda aka housed a cikin Mariinsky Palace da kuma bauta har watan Agusta. Sa'annan akwai All-Rasha hukumar zaben zuwa ga majalisar da aka kafa. Bayan da Oktoba juyin juya halin a Mariinsky Palace a ƙarfinsa ya koma da jama'ar kasar Commissariat na dukiya da kuma Koli tattalin arziki Council.

Balaguro din a St. Petersburg

A birnin a kan Neva ƙunshi mutane da yawa Masterpieces na gine-gine, tsoho da kuma na zamani. Cathedrals yi cu] anya da jama'a gine-gine, amma kowanne gini - shi ne wani ɓangare na tarihi. Northern babban birnin kasar a general - shi ne al'adun gargadiya na Rasha, a conglomerate na nasarori a art da kuma gine. Cikin babban wuraren yawon shakatawa don gano wani karamin sashi na su bukatar fiye da mako daya. Saboda haka, balaguro din da ake shirya a St. Petersburg, wanda sun hada da kai ziyara zuwa iyakar da m lokaci. Kowace kungiya na yawon bude ido tare da wani jagora, kuma dadi bas ana amfani da kai.

Mariinsky Palace yau - shi ke ma al'adun na Rasha, ya kai ziyara ne kunshe a duk yawon shakatawa hanyoyi. A talakawa kwanaki, kafet za a iya kyan gani daga waje, amma a karshen mako ya zama samuwa ciki. A shirin na ziyara zuwa birnin tarihi jan hankali kuma sun hada da St. Ishaku Square, duk St. Petersburg da wani abin tunawa ga Bitrus I, kuma Nicholas I, da manyan gidãje, almara hotel "Angleterre". Musamman ban sha'awa to ziyarci St. Ishaku Cathedral da musamman malachite pilasters, kasa zuwa sama, musamman mosaic bene, wuce yarda da m gine-gine da model sanya na Linden serf Maksimom Salinym.

Bayan ya ziyarci babban coci, za ka iya zuwa Mariinsky Palace, wanda adireshin ne: St. Ishaku Square, Building 6.