Kwari da cututtuka na kayan lambu marrows

Ko da ya fi unpretentious al'adu bukatar kulawa, da kuma lambu da kuma lambu da yin aiki tukuru don girma amfanin gona mai kyau. Sosai matsala cottagers isar da cuta zucchini, kuma ko da kwari da halaka. To jimre da su, maƙiyi dole sani a mutum, cewa shi ne. E. Ya Kamata karatu a daki-daki, abin da zai iya barazana ga shuke-shuke da kuma yadda za ku yi yãƙi da shi.

Sanadin cutar

A tushen kamuwa da cuta ne yawanci, fungi da ƙwayoyin cuta. Duk da yake su ne a cikin ƙasa, da amfanin gona zai sha wahala daga shekara zuwa shekara. Kamuwa rinjayar duk cucurbits, kuma mafi m daga gare su - zucchini. Cututtuka na ganye, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari da kuma sauran sassa na wadannan shuke-shuke faruwa, yawanci a cikin sanyi da kuma rigar weather.

Na taimaka wa cuta ci gaba ne da dama dalilai: .. zato canjãwa dare da rana yanayin zafi, rashin alama abubuwa, wuce kima ko, a akasin haka, kasa wetting na kasar gona, watering ma ruwan sanyi, da dai sauransu A kyau m awo ne dace barbarar yarda da sashi, rike da ake bukata zafi, sako iko. A cikin rufaffiyar greenhouse su hana bayar da shawarar yin amfani da Bleach bayani yi disinfection. Kana bukatar ka nan da nan amsa ga kunno kai ãyõyin wani cuta zucchini da kuma magani ga fara ba tare da bata lokaci ba.

anthracnose

Daga shi wahala duk ƙasa sassa na shuka. Wannan cuta farawa da samuwar kullum taso keya a cikin ganyayyaki rawaya-kasa-kasa spots, wanda ake motsi a kan 'ya'yan itãcen marmari da kuma mai tushe inda saya oblong. A kan lokaci, yankin da abin ya shafa yankunan na karuwa ne, sun bayyana mucoid plaque. Ganye ƙeƙashe a sakamakon, da 'ya'yan shrivel, zama m dandano da rot. Ãyõyin anthracnose a kan muhimmi ɓangare na shuka - bayyananne siginar da cewa shuka ya mutu. Yana taimaka wa ci gaban da cuta, da suka wuce haddi danshi da kuma watering a lokacin mafi zafi lokacin da rana.

Anthracosis sau da yawa rinjayar da amfanin gona girma a cikin greenhouses da greenhouses, ko da yake pathogens kusan kowace cuta squash bude filin (tare da wani photo na wata shuka kamu da wannan cutar za a iya samu a kasa) ji ma bad. Kamuwa faruwa a ko'ina cikin dukan girma kakar.

Pathogens iya dage a kan rashin lafiya shuke-shuke na dogon lokaci, hunturu a kan ta ma'auni. Kamuwa da cuta an rage zuwa m selection na seedlings da iri magani. Bugu da kari, duk da cutar da shuke-shuke, sa'an nan kuma zuwa disinfect da greenhouse dole ne a cire nan da nan. Ya taimaka jimre da cuta Bordeaux cakuda ko sulfur colloid.

fari rot

Yana maida hankali ne akan mai tushe, ya fita m shuke-shuke Bloom fari. Wannan fruiting jikin naman gwari sclerotia, wanda shine causative wakili na cutar zucchini (bude da kuma rufe ƙasa ji naman gwari daidai da kyau). Lalace shuka nama softens, da ganye wither da 'ya'yan itace juya zuwa pasty taro. Cutar da aka yada ta sanyi da kuma rigar weather, musamman idan saukowa karfi da thickened. More mai saukin kamuwa da ita squashes a lokacin fruiting. Kamuwa da cuta ne daidai kiyaye a cikin ƙasa, kuma a kan ragowar lalace shuke-shuke. Samu na iya faruwa sosai daban-daban hanya - ta hanyar iska ya kwarara, inji lalacewar a lokacin tabbatarwa.

Rabu da mu da fari rot iya kawai gaba daya lalata da kamuwa sassa na shuka, prisypaya yanke gawayi shafa ko rabin-aya bayani na jan karfe sulfate. Ya taimaka hana cutar dace tsaftacewa weeds, da yin amfani da dumi ruwa domin ban ruwa, foliar barbarar hada da jan karfe sulfate, tutiya sulfate da urea a cikin kudi na 2 g, 1 g da 10 g, bi da bi, da lita 10 na ruwa. Rabo daga tushe, wanda aka kawai gani ãyõyin fitowan da fari-rot, za ka iya shafa tare da wani yanki na auduga ulu da kuma yayyafa tare da powdered alli, ko gawayi.

m mold

Yakan auku a cikin matasa ovaries, sa'an nan wucewa a cikin ganyayyaki. A shafi sassa na shuka zama na ruwa, tausasa kuma rufe da wani touch na launin toka. A karkashin film ne yafi kusantar su sha daga wannan rududdugaggu zucchini. Cututtuka a bude filin sha musantawa yawanci kawai a lokacin ruwa sosai, ko kuma a cikin sanyi weather.

Pathogen botrytis ne babban tushen kamuwa da cuta. Shi ne iya dage a cikin ƙasa ga har zuwa shekaru biyu. Taimakawa wajen yaduwar cutar da kuma kwari da cewa kawo naman gwari spores daga daya shuka zuwa wani.

Ka yi gargaɗi launin toka rot, kamar duk cututtuka zucchini, za a iya kiyaye dokoki na amfanin gona juyawa, ya hallaka weeds a dace hanya, da kuma yin zama dole ciyar. Gano a kan shuka shafi kwai da kuma withering da ganye bukatar da za a cire nan da nan.

tushen lalaci

Mafi sau da yawa wannan cuta yakan faru a cikin kare kasa. Bayyana a gaskiyar cewa tushen fara duhu, fray hankali ya jũya launin ruwan kasa da kuma kara. Lower ganye juya rawaya da bushe. Tushen rot ne mafi saukin kamuwa zuwa raunana shuke-shuke. A karkashin m yanayi, su ne mafi shafa parasitic naman gwari. Taimakawa wajen cutar ma farkon dasa, matsananci yanayin zafi, da yin amfani da ruwan sanyi domin ban ruwa, da suka wuce haddi danshi a cikin ƙasa. Wannan kuma sauran iri rot - sau da yawa shafi zucchini cuta. Da yaki da su ne da za'ayi game da wannan kuma shi ne a yarda da m fasaha, disinfection na gona, rike wani danshi abun ciki na kasar gona.

powdery fumfuna

Wannan cuta na farko rinjayar da ganye da shuka. Sun kafa wani sako-sako da launin toka spots plaque, wanda nan da nan garwaya tẽku, da kuma rufe da tushe. Wannan ne sporulation daga cikin naman gwari, wanda shine causative wakili na cutar. Ya karya tsari na photosynthesis, sha na gina jiki, wadda take kaiwa zuwa runtse da ake samu. Kafa kleystokarpii iya harba da shuke-shuke a cikin gaba kakar. A naman gwari ne gaba daya kiyaye a lokacin hunturu, jawabin da shi a kan sako sharan. Daga lokacin kamuwa da cuta da kuma kafin na farko alamun rashin lafiya, yana daukan game da 3-4 kwanaki.

Mafi wahala daga squash powdery fumfuna, idan akwai kaifi hawa da sauka a cikin zafi, wani wuce haddi na nitrogenous gargajiya, kasa watering.

Kauce wa wannan cuta na iya zama, idan dace weeding, bayan girbi don cire duk shuka tarkace da kuma ƙasa zuwa tono mai zurfi. A farko alamar da shan kashi wani naman gwari ya kamata a bi da da shuka da wani daga cikin wadannan magunguna:

• Colloidal sulfur - daga 40 zuwa 100 g sulfarida 10 lita na ruwa domin aiki a greenhouses.
• Gray ƙasa.
• "Izofenom" (for greenhouses - 60 g da lita 10 na ruwa).
• Jiko na mullein. An shirya kamar haka: 1 kg na taki don zuba ruwa (3 L) da kuma barin zuwa infuse 3 days. The bayani ne sai tace da kuma diluted kafin magani da ruwa (1: 3).
• Lambu akai-akai amfani na al'ada da potassium permanganate fesa - 1.5 g potassium permanganate a 10 lita na ruwa.

peronosporosis

Squash da wannan cuta mai saukin kamuwa a kowane zamani. Da farko, da guda na madauwari spots bayyana rawaya-koren launi, wanda a hankali ya juya kasa-kasa. Ba da da ewa da suka fara zuwa dandaƙaƙƙiya. Sporulation rabo located a kan ƙananan gefe na sheet kuma suna m shafi. Haka kuma cutar tasowa a cikin tsawon girma nauyi, hazo, lokacin da zafi ne musamman high. Pathogen shi zai iya tsira a cikin ƙasa ga shekaru da dama.

Don jimre da cuta na iya kawai disinfect ko total gona maye. Daya daga cikin m matakan ne m airing na greenhouse ko greenhouse.

Askohitoz

A causative wakili rinjayar da ganye da kuma mai tushe na shuke-shuke. Da farko, da suka kafa grayish spots, wanda nan da nan ya rufe tare da baki dige. Kamuwa fara a matsayin mai mulkin, tare da ƙananan ganye, wanda samun kasa a duk faɗin duniya, kuma sannu a hankali motsa zuwa saman. Abu mai muhimmanci shafi amfanin gona na zucchini daga wannan mutuwa da cutar. Fruit ta karshen kakar ajiye kadan - kamuwa da naman gwari, za su sauri bushe fita, kuma ya jũya baki. A Sanadin kamuwa da cuta ne kullum matsananci yanayin zafi, high zafi da kuma wuce kima thickening landings.

Rabu da mu da fungal kamuwa da cuta ne zai yiwu, kawar da wuce kima watering, ba kalla dace dashi daga kamuwa da shuke-shuke. Kananan foci ya ishe powdered alli foda gauraye da jan karfe sulfate a wani rabo daga 1: 1. Wannan gwargwado zai hana baza kamuwa da cuta.

baki mold

A ganyen kananan tsatsa spots za a iya gani a farko, wanda zai ƙarshe juya a cikin wani duhu patina. Wannan shi ne naman gwari spores. A hankali lamina karkashin da tabo ta bushe kuma crumbles, yin ta bayyana rami. Tsaya a nan ba cin 'ya'yan itacen. Rabu da wannan cuta zucchini za a iya cikakken kona kamuwa da shuke-shuke.

Fusarium so bã da

A kasar gona naman gwari pathogen wanda ya ratsa zuwa tushen tsarin, girma shuke-shuke a cikin kwantena. A sakamakon haka ne a kara rot a tushe. A ganye an rufe tare da spots, da shuka bushe, kuma ya mutu ne watse. Magance matsalar so kawai cikakken sauyawa daga ƙasa. Tare da manufar yin rigakafi kamata tsananin tsayar da dokokin aikin gona da fasaha da kuma a dace hanya ya hallaka weeds a yankin.

bacteriosis

Farko na cutar halin bayyanar a kan cotyledons da gaskiya bar ruwan kasa miyakunsa. A cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa da suka ma faruwa (kawai kananan size da kuma ruwan kasa launi), abu don su curvature. Bacteriosis iya dage na dogon lokaci a kan shuka sharan da tsaba. Ya fara ci gaba a m zazzabi canje-canje da kuma wuce kima danshi. A baza cutar da taimako zuwa kwari, ruwa droplets da barbashi kamu da shuke-shuke. Ƙwarai da gaske shafi amfanin gona na zucchini daga cutar. A mayar da martani ga shi ake bukata don hada da magani daga tsaba da tutiya sulphate. Suna sanya shi a cikin wani 0.02% bayani a rana, sa'an nan dan kadan bushe. Tsire-tsire a farko alamar bacteriosis bi da Bordeaux cakuda (10 g na jan karfe sulfate da lemun tsami) da kuma prophylactic - jan karfe oxychloride.

kwayar cututtuka

Mafi sau da yawa wahala daga zucchini da kokwamba mosaic kabewa. Lokacin da wannan yafi shafar cikin ganyayyaki.

Kokwamba mosaic bayyana a matsayin kananan rawaya-kore aibobi. Bayan wani lokaci da ganye suna nada, kuma hillocks aka kafa tsakanin jijiyoyinmu. Shuka girma slows saukar, kuma suka kusan ba ya samar. Wanne tanadi cututtuka ne perennial weeds - tushen da cutar a su sosai jure hunturu. Tare da tsaba ba za a iya daukar kwayar cutar. Saboda wannan dalili, da dukan yaki tafasa saukar zuwa ga halaka weeds.

Lokacin da mosaic kabewa ganye suna kuma ta rufe farko haske-kore aibobi. Amma sai da iyakar da jijiyoyinmu zama shahararren a gefuna, watau. A. A ci gaba da ganye ruwa ne sharply ragae down. Naman da wani lokacin saukad da fita gaba daya. A cutar haddasa wannan cuta yana daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar tsaba. Shi ne iya dage ga dama shekaru a cikin su. Kafin dasa, shi ne shawarar ji dimi da tsaba a zazzabi na 50-60 ⁰S kwana uku.

kwaro kwari

Ba kawai cututtuka zucchini (bude filin), da yaki da abin da bukatar babba kokarin, kawo matsala lambu. Hakori sau da yawa ci tsaba daga wireworms da mole crickets sha harbe. Duk da haka, mafi lalacewa ne amfani da kwari.

aphis gossypii

Its larvae ciyar da hunturu a kan shuka tarkace da kuma a spring form dukan mallaka. Yana ninka sosai da sauri, bada zuriya zuwa 20 sau da kakar. Don tashi daga aphids da fuka-fuki, kuma ta, kasancewa iya matsawa da sauri sauri, tsotsa gina jiki daga zucchini juices, tareda žata ganye da kuma mai tushe. A shafi sassa na shuka a hankali ji ƙyama da kuma maras kyau. Idan muka yi la'akari da kuma abin da cuta squash aphid motsa a lokaci daya sansanin a fili yake cewa da yaki da shi kamata a da za'ayi tsanani. Hana da mamayewa na kwari taimaka halakar duk shuka sharan bayan girbi da hankali digging gona. Bayan ganewa na aphids rabu da shi zai taimaka jiko na m cayenne barkono. An shirya kamar haka: Mix barkono, triturated (30 g), ruwa da sabulu (1 tbsp ..) Kuma itace ash (3 tbsp ..). A sakamakon cakuda da aka diluted a 10 lita na ruwa infused a lokacin da rana, sa'an nan kuma bayan tacewa ci gaba zuwa spraying infested shuke-shuke. Good taimako da kuma decoctions da infusions na dankalin turawa, ganye, albasa kwasfa, da taba.

gizo-gizo mite

Wadannan kwari ne quite kananan (ba fi girma fiye da 0.4 mm) zai iya haifar da m lalacewar da amfanin gona. Sun kafa mulkin mallaka da shuka da zaran dumi kwanaki suna zuwa, an sanya a kan underside na matasa ganye da kuma ciyar a kan salula sap. Akwai kuma sa qwai daga abin da larvae fito fili a wani mako. Lalace leaf rufe hasken dige, sa'an nan yakan mallaki marmara spotting kuma ta bushe.

Da yaki da wannan kwaro ne kone ciyayi sharan bayan girbi da kuma zurfin digging na kasar gona. Lokacin ganowa mite pubs spraying za a iya aikata ta a daban-daban wajen. Musamman tasiri jiko na albasa kwasfa. Half-cika ta guga an cika har zuwa saman ruwan zãfi da kuma nace 24 hours. Sa'an nan kuma tace diluted da ruwa a cikin rabo 1: 2. Amfani ga spraying da kuma ruwan 'ya'ya daga dankalin turawa, ganye, datura talakawa. Don bayani da aka hakikance ga farfajiya na takardar, shi ne shawarar da za a kara a little sabulu.

whitefly

Yana bayyana a cikin manyan lambobi kusa da karshen lokacin rani, ya magance kan kasa gefe na ganye da kuma bar baya da sharar gida kayayyakin a cikin wani nau'i na m sugary tukar tumbi. Yana zama mai girma yanayi ga ci gaban sooty mold, wadda take kaiwa zuwa withering da shuka. Mutane da yawa cututtuka squash bude filin (tare da hotuna da suke nuna kamuwa da shuke-shuke, ba za ka sami damar ganin wannan labarin) yada ta wadannan kwari.

Whiteflies za a iya wanke kashe da ruwa, a hankali sassauta kasar gona bayan wannan. Wani lokacin dole ka koma ga spraying magani "Kwamandan". Jiyya ne da za'ayi kawai bayan girbi.

A ko'ina cikin kakar dole mu kalli hankali abin da kwari da cututtuka barazana ga squash shuke-shuke. Dace da matakan dauka zai taimaka wajen ci gaba da Fit kuma samun mai kyau girbi.