Island Shumshu: description. Ku yãƙi a tsibirin Shumshu

Da zarar kan wani lokaci a kudancin cikin Kamchatka Larabawa, a cikin ƙananan kai na da Amur, Sakhalin da Kuril Islands Ainu rayu zamanin d mutane. Wadannan mazauni zaune a tsibirin kuma Shumshu. A 1711, a kan wannan mafi northerly na Kuril Islands ziyarci matafiyin a Siberia Ivan Kozyrevsky. Detachment na Cossacks, karkashin jagorancin shi da Danilo Antsyferova, komai a fili a kan Shumshu da manufar raya kasa da kuma da dama daga Rasha Accession ga Kuril Islands. A girmamawa Ivana Kozyrevskogo a kan Shumshu mai suna bay kuma kabido. Kuma a cikin girmamawa Antsyferova gaba darasi tsibirin Paramushir, da ake kira mai aman wuta, dutsen kuma Cape. Bugu da kari, sunansa da aka bai wa daya daga cikin 56 na Kuril Islands.

ownerless tsibirin

A 1787, 21 tsibirin da aka hukuma da annexed da Rasha Empire, ciki har da tsibirin Shumshu. Da farko, da ƙasar fara gano da Rasha. Kuma idan kun tuna, cewa ko da a kan Hauwa'u na da tattaunawa a 1792. Hokkaido ya ba Japanese ƙasa, da kuma Kuril Islands a general ba ne, shi ne quite m amfani a Rasha kasuwanci mutane zuwa gaskata wa kowa ba da hannu yankunan. Amma duk da Romanovs, suka fara da Catherine II, bai nuna wa Far East ne babu sha'awa, kuma wannan ya tabbatar da sayar da Alaska.

Sharuddan kuma rasa tsibiran

Bayan da shan kashi na Rasha a Rasha-Japanese War of 1904-1905, da Kuril Islands da kuma kudancin Sakhalin tashi zuwa kasar Japan, da kuma na yanzu Sakhalin yankin ne zuwa kashi biyu sassa. A shekarar 1945, Amurka da kuma Birtaniya sun juya zuwa ga tarayyar Soviet da wani request domin ta shiga yaki da Japan. Tarayyar Soviet ya yi alkawarin shi daidai da watanni uku daga baya a musanya ga dawowar ta Kudu Sakhalin da Kuril Islands. Our kasar ya kiyaye ta kalma.

sanya shahara

Kuma a sa'an nan tarihi fagen fama zo unremarkable Shumshu baya rabu Kamchatka 1st Kuril mashigar, wanda fadin a wannan lokaci ne 11 kilomita. Daga makwabtaka Paramushiro Shumshu raba 2nd eponymous mashigar, wanda fadin - kawai 2 km tafi.

Description na tsibirin iya fara da ta girma. Its tsawon ne 30 km, nisa - 20. Shi ne mafi ƙasƙanci daga duk 56 tsibiran. Yana yana karamin adadin sabo ruwa jikinsu, da most of wanda za a iya kira Big Lake. Lake da kuma Majachnaja - biyu ƙõramu sunã gudãna ta hanyar da karkararta, da wani yanki daidai to 388 murabba'in mita. km. Tsororuwar tsibirin yakan to 189 mita saman teku matakin, da kuma shi ne ake kira Mountain High. Bayyana da sauki Rasha sunan. Mene ne ya shahara? Soviet sojojin saukowa aiki da za'ayi a nan a cikin watan Agusta.

A karshe mataki na Soviet-Japanese War

A wannan tsibirin, barke karshe yakin yakin duniya na II, a cikin abin da tankuna dauki bangare kuma shi ne sosai m. Ku yãƙi tsibirin Shumshu shiga Kuril saukowa aiki, wanda dade daga 18th ga Satumba 1st. Dalilin da aiki - da kama na Kuril Islands. Ta shafe sojojin na da 2nd Far Eastern Front, umarta ta Janar na Army M. A. Purkaev da kuma Pacific rundunar motoci, karkashin jagorancin Admiral I. S. Yumashev. An riga an za'ayi wani cin nasara aiki a Manchuria, wanda aka hallaka , cikin Kwantung Army. Complete kwata 'yanci na Kudancin Sakhalin ƙare wani m cewa a cikin shugabanci. Wadannan ci gaba Mun halitta wani musamman sharadi gwargwado ga kebewa daga Kuril Islands Japan.

A makamai ko sojoji daga cikin tsibiran

A arewacin tsibirin Shumshu shi ne mafi girma tushe na sojan ruwa a Japan Kataoka, wanda ya aiko da Japan warships kama Pearl Harbor. Ya nan kuma Airfield runways wanda aka kiyaye su domin mu kwanaki, har ma a cikin 90s na karshe karni can aka saukowa departing daga Elizovo (Kamchatka) jirage L-410 - 19-wurin zama twin-engine aviamashiny for gida kamfanonin jiragen sama.

Soviet sojojin dõgara a kan mamaki kai hari, da nufin abin da yake Shumshu tsibirin - rinjãye su, da kuma kafa shi ne a springboard domin kara Mastering Paramushiro, Onekotanom da sauran tsibiran, kowanne daga abin da suka Japan sojojin. Yana da aka mayar da hankali ga 80 dubu, gina 9 hadahada cewa zai iya saukar da game da 600 da jirgin sama.

unassailable sansanin soja

Kai tsaye a tsibirin Shumshu ya tankuna 60, 11 na zuwa Panzer shiryayye 100 aiwatarwa da kuma dubu Garrison ƙidaya 8.5. Man. A dukan tsibirin ne guda mai garu tsaron gida tsarin. Warehouses, asibitoci, ikon shuke-shuke da kuma sadarwa cibiyoyin da aka binne a zurfin 50-70 mita. Mafi yawa daga cikin bindigogi da aka kyau boye, da kuma Soviet umurnin bai da wani ra'ayi game da shi, amma har yanzu akwai da yawa ƙarya abubuwa. Kawai kankare bunkers a tsibirin aka gina 300 raka'a, anti-Airborne tsaro Tsarin aka gina tare da bakin tekun to 3-4 km m.

A suddenness na harin da aka zama dole domin ta wannan lokaci Tarayyar Soviet ko ya cimma yarjejeniya da Amurka a kan cikakken sama na Kuril Islands da kuma kudancin Sakhalin, amma 'yar alamar bata lokaci inganta aikin na wani tsibirin da American sojojin. Musamman cewa Hirohito, da Japan sarki, har yanzu Agusta 15 umarci dakarun shirya domin sallama mafi yawa Amirkawa. A suddenness na hari, saita a zuciya da yadda ake gudanar da Soviet sojojin, in general, barata, fãce, sake, Soviet sojoji kashe a lokacin kama daga arewacin tsibirin.

A bangaren na Soviet sojojin

A saukowa, wanda ya zuwa hadari tsibirin Shumshu, shi hada da kusan kome da kome da cewa mallaki tsaron gida yanki na Kamchatka. Aras kungiyar kunshi 8.3 dubu. Soja cannons da kuma rokoki da aka kidaya a wani adadin na 118 raka'a, kãyã da mãsu nauyi inji bindigogi sun kasance game da 500 guda. Amphibious kungiyar kanta da aka raba baraden da Ƙungiyarku biyu daga cikin manyan sojojin. Bugu da kari, 64 daga cikin jirgin da jirgin, wanda a hada sweepers, mine yadudduka, iyo baturi, kai tasoshi, sintiri jiragen da kuma jiragen ruwa, torpedo jiragen da kuma saukowa craft, sun goyi bayan harin. Wannan armada aka kuma zuwa kashi 4 sassa - wani detachment na manyan bindigogi goyon baya, da kai kungiyar amphibious hari trawling da kuma rakiya. Goyan bayan da Tarayyar Soviet m gauraye iska rabo na 78 jirgin sama da kuma 130-mm bakin teku baturi located a kan Cape Lopatka. Shumshu Island (a kan taswira, da aka nuna a kasa, a fili gani) ne sosai a kusa da mararrabar m. Shebur.

Sojin rundunar jiragen ruwa da tankuna

Ya kamata a lura cewa sojojin ba a kora da ba su halarci a cikin yaƙin, da kuma dakarun daga yammacin gaban ba ana garzaya saboda tsananin sirri ayyukan. Force ya bai isa ba, da kuma ranar farko ta jirgin ta kungiyar rasa tara jiragen ruwa, da kuma 8 suka ji rauni. Duk da haka, wani gaba jam'iyyar kunshi 1.3 dubu. Man, ya iya kasa da kuma samun da qafafunku a can. Na 22 radios a banki daya kadai da ya. Ya ɗauki ta ma'aikacin jirgin ruwa GV Musorin tafi a karkashin ruwa, rike da m kaya sama da teku surface. A general, kamar yadda ko da yaushe, da Rasha, da sojoji da matuƙan nuna al'ajibai na ƙarfin hali - biyu na su maimaita feat A. Matrosov. A gaskiya, baraden sani kawai, an ɗauka da sauƙi dauke da makamai da Japan tankuna. Sturm Shumshu ya zama mai hukunci aukuwa a cikin shakka daga cikin dukan saukowa aiki, a juyo cewa m da hukunci da nasarar da dakarun Soviet, ya rinjãye tsororuwar tsibirin - Mountain High. Kuma Rasha lashe.

Sakamako na ayyukan

A Agusta 20th Soviet jiragen ruwa, sun tafi Kataoka yarda da sallama, amma aka ya gana da wuta. Kamar yadda muka matsa saukowa Japan umurnin kowane lokaci amince da mika wuya, amma ja fafitikar ainihin yarjejeniyar. Agusta 22 Fusako Tsutsumi, wanda ya umarci Japan sojojin, ya kwashe dukan sharuddan sallama, da kuma fursuna sallamãwa 20,000 Japan soja: 12 - a tsibirin Shumshu da 8 - a kan Paramushir. Just a arewacin tsibirin fursuna sallamãwa 30 dubu mutane.

Sad sakamakon wannan aiki sun zama jikkata sha wahala da Soviet gefe. 1567 mutane da aka rasa, na wanda ya kashe - 416, m (tabbas nutsar) - 123 rauni - 1028. Japan tsibirin sojojin rasa 1018 mutane aka kashe 300.

mu tsibirin

Don kasarmu a karshen yaki koma gaba daya duk Kurile Islands, da kuma sake gina Sakhalin yankin ya dauki su a cikin membobinsu. Japan na ci gaba da da'awar da ta Kudu Kuril Islands, ya kira su da Arewa Biranan.

Tattaunawar a kan ikon mallakar wadannan tsibiran, wanda mafitar rãnã kasa yana da wani hakkin su shimfiɗa ya zuwa yanzu. Japan ne sosai kyawawa, da kuma a cikin yin haka, shi ya taimaka mana mu sanya arziki m, ciki har da sabon bude rhenium karafa Kudancin Kuril Islands. Japan da kuma Rasha a m hali na farko zai yiwuwa ba yarda.