Ina Denmark? Babban birnin, harshe na ƙasar, yawan jama'a da kudin na Denmark

{Asar Russia suna da ikon da za su iya amsa tambayar da Danmark yake. Kuma cikakkun bayanai game da rayuwar yau da kullum, al'ada, da kuma tsarin jiha an san su da yawa. Kuma a halin yanzu, Denmark wata ƙasa ce mai ban sha'awa, tarihin bunkasa tattalin arziki da hanya ta musamman.

Yanayin wuri

To ina ne Denmark? A cikin arewacin Turai, a Scandinavia. Kasashen Arewa da Baltic suna wanke iyakar kasar. A ƙasar, yana kusa da Jamus, a kan ruwa - tare da Norway da Sweden. Yankin kasar tare da haɓaka ruwa yana mita mita 700. Km. Ƙasar tana da murabba'in kilomita dubu 42. Km. Yankin bakin teku na kasar yana da kilomita 7300. Yawancin tsibirin Denmark suna ƙidaya a nan. A halin yanzu, Greenland na daga cikin kasar, amma yana da nasu kulawa, wanda ke sa shi mai zaman kanta. Yawancin jihar shine cewa yana da yawancin tsibiran (kimanin 400), 80 daga cikinsu suna zaune. Kasashen mafi girma shine Zealand. Yawancin ɓangarorin tsibirin suna kusa da juna cewa an haɗa su ta hanyar gadoji.

Denmark a matsayin dukan kara a lebur yankunan, kawai a tsakiyar cikin Jutland sashin akwai kananan kewayon tuddai. Matsayi mafi girma na kasar yana da mita 170 a saman teku (Molleha tudu), kuma matsakaicin matsayi na yankuna yana kimanin mita 30. Kasashen Denmark suna bambanta da wani nau'i mai mahimmanci, fjord-cut.

Ƙasar tana da matukar arziki a cikin albarkatun ruwa, kimanin koguna goma sha biyu suna gudana a nan, mafi tsawo shine Gudeno. 60% na ƙasar Denmark ya dace da noma. Yayin da yawancin al'ummar kasar suka kasance, yawancin gandun daji sun kusan halaka, kuma a yau jihar tana ciyar da albarkatu mai yawa don gyarawa. A kowace shekara, itatuwan oak da kudan zuma na kimanin dubu 3,000 ne. Ƙasar tana tasowa mai tasowa, man fetur, gas na gas, gishiri, alli, yashi, da ƙididdigar launuka a kan iyakarta.

Tarihin ƙasar

A wa] annan wuraren Denmark ne a yau, mutanen farko sun bayyana game da shekaru dubu 10 da suka wuce. Sun zo daga yankunan kudancin kudancin bayan gilashin da suka dawo. An kafa al'adun ci gaba da kyakkyawan ci gaba a cikin karni na 2 BC. A farkon wani sabon yanayi a arewacin Turai ya kasance yan kabilar In, wanda ya ci nasara a kudancin Jutland da Ingila. Jinsin kabilun da ke zaune a ƙasar Denmark, sun zama daya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da suka shafi kirkirar ɗaliban Turanci. A tsakiyar zamanai, yan kabilar Danish Viking sun zama sanannun sananninsu. Sun samu nasara sun mamaye ƙasar a cikin yankin Seine kuma suka kirkiro Duchy na Normandy a can. Success ya kasance tare da su, kuma a cikin cin nasara na yankunan Ingila. A cikin karni na 10-11, Ingila ta kusan zama ƙarƙashin Sarkin Danish Knud na Biyu kuma ya ba shi haraji. A karni na 11, ƙasar Dänemark ta kasance mai girma, ya ƙunshi sassa na zamani Norway, Jamus, Sweden. Amma daga bisani an samu rikice-rikicen rikice-rikicen tsakanin masu mulki da malamai. Sakamakon karni na 13 shine lokacin yakin basasa, amma Sarakuna Valdemar ta hudu, Erik Copenhagen, Kirista na farko da Sarauniya Margrethe na da karfi da kuma magance matsalolin ciki da kuma nasara da sabon yankuna. Har zuwa karni na 15 Denmark ya ƙarfafa matsayi a Turai, a cikin karni na 16th Protestantism ya shiga kasar kuma ya zama addini na jihar. A cikin karni na 16 an sami ci gaba mai zurfi a al'adun Danish.

Bugu da} ari, a cikin tarihinsa,} asar ta shiga kusan wa] anda ba a tsaya a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe ba, a arewacin Turai, gwagwarmaya ga yankuna na ci gaba da faruwa, mutane da yawa na jihohi suna da tarzoma, kuma akwai rikice-rikicen dake tsakanin mutane da masu adawa. A cikin karni na 18th da 19th, sauye-sauye na zamantakewa da siyasa na faruwa a kasar, masarauta suna ƙoƙarin rage tasirin Ikilisiya da kuma ba mutane dama suyi rayuwa mafi kyau. Akwai kuma matsa lamba mai karfi, musamman ma tare da Sweden. A farkon karni na 19, Danmark ya zama mulkin mallaka na tsarin mulki, bayan haka ne aka fara karɓar karni na "zinariya", da yawa masanan kimiyya, masu fasaha, masana falsafa suna aiki a nan. Duk da haka, a rabi na biyu na karni na 19, sababbin lokuta suna gabatowa, bayan yakin da Prussia, Denmark yana rasa manyan ƙasashe. An fara farkon karni na 20 a cikin gwagwarmayar siyasa na siyasa, an kafa tsarin tsarin jam'iyya a kasar, yunkurin zamantakewar al'umma yana girma. A 1936, Denmark ta kammala yarjejeniya da rashin tsokanar da Jamus, amma har yanzu a cikin 1940 mutanen Jamus sun mallaki kasar. Liberation ya zo tare da sojojin Birtaniya a 1945. Shekaru da dama da dama kasar ta yi shawarwari don zama mamba a Tarayyar Turai kuma a 1996 ya zama cikakken memba na yarjejeniyar Schengen.

Sauyin yanayi

Yankin yanayi, inda Denmark yake, yana ƙarƙashin rinjayar tasirin Gulf Stream. A kasar na da temperate Maritime sauyin yanayi tare da sosai high ruwan sama. Yawanci, 600 zuwa 800 mm na hazo da dama a Denmark kowace shekara. Lokacin ruwan sama shine kaka. A cikin kasar akwai lokacin rani mai sanyi da damina mai sanyi. A matsakaici, ma'aunin zafi yana da digiri 18 a lokacin rani, kuma a cikin hunturu an gudanar da shi a kusa da zero. Rufin snow a Denmark yana da kusan makonni 3 a kowace shekara. Lokacin mafi kyau don ziyarci Danmark daga May zuwa Satumba, amma sai ku kasance a shirye don gaskiyar cewa a kowace lokaci zai zubo ruwa.

Gudanarwa na yanki

Tun 2007, Denmark, a kan taswirar wa] ansu sassa na yankuna biyar, ya ki ya raba yankinsa a cikin garuruwan, kamar yadda ya kasance. Yanzu an raba ƙasar zuwa gundumomi biyar, a halin yanzu, an ba da birane da ƙauyuka. A al'ada, Danes sun raba ƙasar su zuwa manyan sassa hudu: Kudu, Tsakiya da Northern Denmark da kuma Zealand, an dakatar da yankin metropolitan. Kowace gari da gari yana da mambobinta - wakilai wakilai. Greenland da Faroe Islands suna dauke da matsayi na musamman da kuma ne m raka'a tare da nasu dokokin da gwamnati.

Babban birnin Denmark

Babban birni na kasar da babban birnin kasar - Copenhagen - yana kan tsibirin Zealand, Amager, Slotsholmen. Tarihinsa ya koma cikin karni na 12. A wannan lokacin, Denmark a kan taswirar Turai ya kasance babban mahimmanci kuma a tsawon lokaci ya sami ƙarfi, kamar babban birninsa. A yau, Copenhagen ita ce babbar masallaci a Turai. A cikin birnin akwai mutane 569,000, kuma idan kun ƙidaya dukan agglomeration - to fiye da miliyan 1.1. Yawan yawan mutane a babban birnin kasar yana da matukar hawan - kimanin mutane 6.2 da mita dari. Km. Amma wannan ba shi da tasiri mai kyau a kan ingancin rayuwa. Birnin yana da matukar jin dadi ga rayuwa, a cikin gundumomi 10 da yankuna hudu na yankunan karkara sun kirkiro yanayi mai kyau don rayuwa. Copenhagen yana da wadata a wuraren da kayan tarihi, amma yawanci baƙi suna bugun su da cikakken yanayin yanayi na birnin. Yana da kyau a yi tafiya a kusa da shi, kallon abubuwan gine-ginen gine-gine da kuma numfashin iska daga teku.

Tsarin gwamnati

Danmark shine tsarin mulkin mallaka. A bisa hukuma, shugaban Denmark shine sarki, a yau ita ce Sarauniya Margaret, ta jagoranci kasar tare da majalisa, gwamnati da firaminista. Sarauniyar tana wakiltar ayyuka, ta jagoranci dakarun sojan, ta dauki bakuna, ta sadu da baƙi. Dukkanin manyan ayyuka na ikon shugabanci ya kwanta a kan Firayim Minista, ya kasance ƙarƙashin shugabancin yankuna na kasar. A Denmark, shi shigar da Multi-ƙungiya tsarin, wani gagarumin siyasa karfi wakilta kwadago.

Kudin kasa

Duk da cewa Denmark ne memba na EU, kasar na da wurare dabam dabam na nasu kudin - da Danish krone. A daya kambi shine zamanin 100th. An ba da takardun zamani na 50, 100, 200, 500 da 1000 kroons a shekarar 1997. Tun daga shekara ta 2009, an bayar da sabon takardun banknotes. Cibiyar kudi na Dänemark ita ce Copenhagen, inda masogin kasar ya shafi duk takardun kudi da tsabar kudi. Anan shine mafi girma a kasuwannin Arewacin Turai.

Yawan jama'a

Yau, mutane miliyan 5.7 suna zaune a Denmark, adadin maza da mata kusan kusan ɗaya ne, bambanci shine kashi 1 cikin dari na goyon bayan mata. Yawa Danish yawan na 133 mutane da murabba'in kilomita. M. Yanayin tattalin arziki mai kyau da kwanciyar hankali a kasar yana taimakawa wajen bunkasa yawan shekara-shekara game da kimanin mutane 20,000, yawan mutuwar dan kadan bayan haihuwa. Kimanin kashi 65 cikin 100 na mazauna ƙasar suna cikin shekaru masu aiki, wannan yana taimakawa wajen zaman lafiyar jihar. Zuwan rai na rayuwa a Danmark shine shekaru 78.6, wanda shine shekaru 7 mafi girma fiye da matsakaicin duniya. Cutar da ya faru a cikin kasashen Turai a yau, kusan ba ta shafi Danmark ba, ko da yake yawan baƙi ya kai kusan mutane dubu 20 a kowace shekara. Amma gwamnati ta ba da umarni mai tsanani ga masu gudun hijirar, don haka yayin da aka kwarara ya kwarara.

Harshe da addini

Wanda aka san cewa harshen Denmark na ƙasar Danish ne. Kimanin kashi 96% na yawan jama'a suna magana da shi. Danish samo asali daga kowa Scandinavian harshe, amma a lokacin da m cin samu musamman fasali, haka fahimce shi zai zama da wuya, idan ba su sadarwa in English tsakanin mazaunan kasashe daban-daban na arewacin Turai. Har ila yau, a wurare dabam-dabam na wasu mazaunan Jamus, Greenlandic da Faroese. Bugu da kari, 86% na yawan suna magana da Turanci, 58% - Jamus, 12% - Faransanci.

Addinin addini na ƙasar shine Ikilisiyan Lutheran na mutanen Danish, bisa ga tsarin mulki dole ne masarautar dole ne ya furta wannan addini. Kuma ko da yake Danes ba addini sosai ba, 81% na yawan suna cewa suna ikirarin addini, wato, su ne Ikklisiyoyin coci. Bisa ga tsarin mulki, an tabbatar da 'yancin addini a Danmark kuma akwai Musulmai, Buddha da kuma al'ummar Yahudawa a kasar.

Tattalin Arziki

Denmark wata ƙasa ce da tattalin arzikin da aka ci gaba, karuwar farashin ba shi da kashi 2.4% kawai, yawan kudin da aka kiyasta shi ya kai dala biliyan 400. Tattalin arzikin kasar yana daya daga cikin mafi yawan zaman lafiya a Turai. Kasancewar kudaden man fetur da gas sun ba da izini ga kasar don kaucewa dogara ga farashin makamashi na duniya. Denmark yana cike da aikin noma mai inganci da fasaha. Babban masana'antun shine nama da samar da kiwo. Amma kuma noma dankali, alkama, kayan lambu na bukatun yau da kullum, sugar gwoza an ci gaba. Hanyar gudanarwa ta hadin gwiwar ta haifar da kashi 80 cikin dari na duk kayayyakin aikin noma na kasar. Saboda haka, farashin mabukaci a Dänemark suna da ƙasa a matsakaicin matsakaicin kuɗin kuɗi. Kasar ta bambanta ta hanyar bunkasa fasahar zamani, a wani lokaci jihar ta samu nasara a masana'antu kuma a yau tana da 'ya'ya. Kamfanoni na zamani na masana'antu, haske, masana'antu, da injiniyoyi na injiniya sun ƙirƙira kayan kaya mai kyau da kaya. Kimanin kashi 40% na kudin shiga na kasa shi ne masana'antu. Har ila yau, kasuwancin kasuwancin yana cigaba da girma da kuma bunkasa.

Al'adu

Denmark wata ƙasa ce wadda take da al'adun al'adu, wanda aka kiyaye shi sosai kuma an inganta shi a nan. A wani lokaci harshe na jihar Denmark ya zama ka'idar hadin kai na ƙasar da wallafe-wallafen suna da muhimmiyar rawa a wannan. Marubucin Danish mafi shahararren shine G.-H. Andersen, ko da yake akwai wasu manyan mawallafa, alal misali, Peter Heg da kuma littafinsa na "Shine Shine Shine". Denmark ne ƙasa na manyan gidaje da kuma gine-gine na tarihi daban-daban na tarihin tarihi, kimanin 600 ne kawai a duniya.Daga Denmark ya taimaka wa ci gaban cinikayya ta duniya, darektan Lars von Trier har abada ya gabatar da ita cikin tarihin wasan kwaikwayo.

Quality da siffofin rayuwa

Danes masu aiki ne da masu jin daɗi. Saboda gaskiyar cewa suna kokawa da kasancewa tare da dabi'a da kuma matsanancin karfi, da kuma Protestantism na dabam, an kafa nau'i na musamman a cikin ƙasa. Danes na da yawa kuma suna aiki tukuru, ana amfani dashi a cikin kudin shiga, amma suna da ƙananan ƙwarewar amfani. Wannan mutane ne masu amfani. Saboda haka, rayuwa a Denmark yana da dadi sosai. Babu tashin hankali na zamantakewar zamantakewa, saboda gwamnati na maida hankali ga kare lafiyar jama'a. Danmark ya kasance na biyar a duniya a tantance darajar rayuwa. Kuma ya ce mai yawa.