Imre Kalman: biography da kuma ban sha'awa facts

A babban mawaki Imre Kalman, operetta ne ya sa a mafi kyau m sinimomi na duniya, ya rayu a rayuwar cike da aikin da kerawa. Ya yi nasara da yawa matsaloli, to fuskanci rabo mai girma da kuma sadu da wani yawa na soyayya. Sunansa ake dangantawa heyday na Viennese operetta, ya taba shiga cikin tarihi na music kamar yadda mahaliccin mai haske, kaffa da gaisuwa da ayyukansu, da yake ya biography aka sau da yawa hana farin ciki.

yara

Haife mutumin da muka sani a yau a karkashin sunan Imre Kalman, 24 ga watan Oktoba, 1882, a cikin karamin gari na Siofok a kan Lake Balaton. Ya real name ya Emmerich Koppshteyn. Duk da yake har yanzu a cikin makaranta, ya canja ya Yahudawa sunan wani mafi tsaka tsaki Kalman. Yaron mahaifin aka quite wani m bourgeois iyali ya rayu a yalwace, ta yi girma a biyu mafi yara a Bugu da kari ga Imre. Duk da haka, 'yan shekaru bayan da ƙaramin yaro na Charles Koppshteynu da ra'ayin yin garinsu a habaka makõma. Ya haikan a yi da filin sukuwa, Operetta wasan kwaikwayo, da dama hotels. Amma duk wannan ba riba, kuma mahaifin Kalman ya nutse a cikin bashi. All ƙare baƙin cikin shine, wa dukiyarsa da aka kwace ga basusuka, da kuma iyali da aka tilasta su matsa zuwa Budapest. Ba da da ewa shugaban iyali aika Imre rayuwa karkashin kula na innata.

samuwar

A shekaru 10, da yaron da aka aiko nan da nan zuwa biyu makarantu: da na gargajiya dakin motsa jiki da kuma music. Duk da talauci, domin Imre sayi wani used piano, wanda ya aikata kowane kayayyakin lokacin. Ba da da ewa, duk da haka, da kudi lamarin ya deteriorated sosai cewa yaron ya bar koyarwa da kuma je aiki. Ya fara koya Latin kuma Helenanci makarantar sakandare dalibai da kuma ci gaba malami music. Talauci sanya shi jin kunya da kuma m saurayi, amma ya ci gaba da kasuwanci acumen. Mun gode wa juriyarsu, Imre Kálmán ya iya zuwa music makaranta. Ya ko da ya fara bayar da kide, wanda ya kawo shi daraja da kuma karamin samun kudin shiga.

Duk da haka, ya aka sake jiran wani ban tausayi gazawar: reborrow a cikin shiri domin music hamayya, Imre ji rauni pinkie, wanda taba tsaya shi unbend. Game music shawara ya manta. Imre Kalman shiga cikin abun da ke ciki aji, a kan shawarar da wani farfesa, ya fara rubuta symphonic ayyukansu. Amma ba su da nasara. Ya har yanzu gudanar don kammala karatu daga kwalejin, kuma sa suna a cikin Academy of Music. A nema na Kalman zumunta ma sun shiga cikin dokar baiwa. Godiya ga m kokarin da ya gudanar ya kammala biyu makarantu, zama lauya da kuma bokan makadi.

The search kanta

Don sami kudi ta wanzu, Imre Kalman ya dalibi ya fara rubuta m articles ga music shafi a jaridar. Bayan makarantar ya je ya yi aiki a cikin jaridar, kamar yadda tantama ba so ya zama wani lauya. Dangi da aka fatan cewa zai je shari'a, da kuma lokacin da ya juya daga cewa wannan ba haka ba ne, ya rasa wani taimakon kudi. Sa'an nan, ya yi aiki a biyu dora: ranar da ya rubuta ga jaridar, kuma ya rubuta da music a cikin maraice. Ya m aikin kawo masa wani m samun kudin shiga, abu mafi ya ba zai iya ba. Amma sun yi farin ciki da cewa mukamai za su halarci wani kide da sinimomi, a matsayin tikitoci ya ba zai iya ba.

mawaki Way

Ko da a cikin makarantar Imre Kalman rubuta tsanani music: symphonic music, piano guda kuma songs, kuma ko da songs. Amma don buga da kuma yi masa songs ba wanda ya so. Daya mawaki ko mai yanke ƙauna joked cewa saboda ya zo ga lokacin da za su fara tsara operettas.

A 1905, Kalman sa'a, ya lashe Budapest Academy of Music ga wani song sake zagayowar. Wannan kudi ba shi damar ciyar shida makonni a birnin Berlin. Akwai, da mawaki ya ratsa dukan music wallafa, suna begen su buga da song, amma shi bai faru. A fargaba, talauci, kuma a categorical kin amincewa da music mawaki Imre Kalman yanke shawarar da ya jũyar da su "low Genre" - operetta.

nasarar

A farkon karni na 20th aka alama ta rikici mai zurfi na operetta. A 1899, ya mutu, "Waltz Sarki" Iogann Shtraus, wanda ya rubuta zuwa ga Austro-Hungarian Empire fili fi so operetta. Shekaru goma na Genre girma sickly kuma ya mutu. A Imre Kalman, music ne sosai ba samu yarda da amincewa a lokaci rasa addini a kansu, kuma ya sha wahala daga rashin kudi. Quite fushi da dukan duniya, da su kansu ciki har da mawaki kulle a cikin takalman Apartment kan karkata daga Graz, rubuta mai kyau music, kuma daga alkalami zo na farko operetta - "kaka horar". Farko ayyukan da ya faru a Budapest, da kuma lokacin da liyafar da aka fiye da dumi, Kalman yanke shawarar nuna shi a cikin babban birnin kasar. A 1909, da Vienna Operetta yaba da sabon baiwa, kuma daga baya da suka cancanta nasara jira mawaki a Berlin da kuma Hamburg. Kalman koma rayuwa a Vienna, da kuma samun aiki.

Daga wannan lokacin zai fara Kalman operetta don ƙirƙirar sosai m, wasu daga cikinsu sun kasance nasara, wasu ba msa da gwajin lokaci. Duk da haka, ya ya iya samun daraja da kuma arziki. Ya zama sosai arziki mutum, kuma yana da dukkan godiya ga aiki da kuma iyawa. Nasarar ci gaba har 1933. A 1932, dukan Vienna farincikin yaba da tafi da Maestro a kan 50th anniversary. Ya aka bayar daban-daban kyaututtkan. Amma a shekara ta 1933, wani kwararren mawaki alhamdu lillahi zo ga ƙarshe.

operetta

An fara rubuta wani operetta, Kalman tasowa nasa salon. Ayyukansa, kuma sparkle da farin ciki. A fili, suka splashed shi duka su fatan da mafarkai, wanda tara mai yawa ga mai wuya rayuwa. A 1912, ya haifar da wani aiki na "Gypsy-Firayim", wanda cikakken nuna da mawaki ta} ir}: Hungarian jama'a karin waƙa, gauraye abun da ke ciki, tsauri mataki. Duk da cewa wannan aikin da aka ba ƙaddara ta fuskanci nasara, duk da haka mawaki tun sa'an nan kuma da imanin cewa, ya samu ya kama hanyarsa. Ya fara aiki tare da masu sana'a librettists da kuma ayyukan tirelessly.

A 1915 Imre Kalman "Silva" wanda ya zama abin mamaki, an yadu a gane. Ya zama wani furuci master na operetta, da dukiyarsa tsiro, ya iya karshe daina damuwa game da gobe. A 1921, da farko na "Bayadere", a 1924 - "Maritsa". Mawaki da tabbaci shagaltar da manyan wuri a Vienna mawaki, music babban birnin kasar ya zaɓi wani sabon Sarkin.

A 1926, da operetta, wanda aka halitta da Imre Kalman, "The Circus Princess", shi ne ya real rabo mai girma. Yana wani wuri kusa da cewa saboda masu sauraro kaunace arias daga wannan aikin da aka ɗõra musu ko'ina. Tun da mataki na operetta faruwa jera a Rasha, shi ne ba abin mamaki ba cewa daya daga cikin na farko wasanni da ya faru a Moscow.

Kada ka yi tsammanin wani babban nasara da kuma "The Violet na Montmartre", an nuna a Vienna, mai rikodin yawan sau - 170! Amma farkon 30s da shi ya zama da wuya ga Turai da kuma Austria, da Nazis zo ikon, kuma Kalman wani Bayahude. Ya yi damu kuma game da rayuwa.

ƙaura

A shekara ta 1938 Imre Kalman, wanda biography ne cike da matsaloli da kuma gwaji, tilasta su bar kasar Austria. Da farko, ya tafi zuwa Paris, inda ya samu da Tuli rinjãye, sa'an nan - a Amurka. Ya rayu shekaru 11 a Amurka, ya sha wahala a bugun jini, kuma akwai a kira da'a hadakai da iyali koma zuwa Turai da kuma zauna a Paris. Ƙaura lokaci Kalman halitta biyu kawai operettas - "Marinka" da "Arizona Lady", wanda ya ba da irin wannan nasara kamar yadda a baya ayyukan mawaki.

m al'adunmu

The ayyukan Imre Kalman yau da aka sani a duk faɗin duniya. Ko da yake ya rubuta a total of 17 operettas. 9 daga cikinsu sun zama wani ɓangare na sharhin na da yawa m sinimomi ba kawai a Turai amma kuma Amurka. Bugu da kari, har yanzu akwai wasu symphonic da piano ayyukan mawaki. Mafi halittun Kalman yi imani operetta "Gypsy-Firayim", "Queen of Czardas", "Countess Maritza", "The Circus Princess", "The Violet na Montmartre".

Uku soyayya Imre Kalmana

Imre Kalman yana da matukar ban sha'awa na sirri tarihi, akwai abubuwa uku da karfi so a cikin rayuwarsa. A mawaki ya, in general, unprepossessing mutumin: kananan jiki, manyan m yankunan a wani matasa shekaru, ciki, sananne. Babu wani abu da boded shi babban rabo mai girma tare da akasin jima'i.

Da farko ƙauna mai girma ya Paula Dvorak - da kyakkyawa, da actress operetta. Domin da farko lokacin da ya gan ta a kan rana ta babban rabo farko na farko da operetta a Vienna. Kalman Imre yawa kokarin sa fita lashe zuciya na Diva, ta ya girmi 10 shekaru, da romance ya dizzying. Amma aure da mawaki Paula ba ya so ya bar. Ta san cewa yara ta taba so. Ta kula game Imre, dafa shi, samar da ta'aziyya, da kuma ya kasance gamsu da irin wannan rayuwa. Ya yi fama da aiki, ta kasance a can. Amma da idyll ya kan. Bayan shekaru 18 na aure, Paula mutu da tarin fuka. Mawaki baƙin ciki san babu haddi. A lokacin da romance, ya fito da mafi kyau operetta.

A lokacin da rayuwar Paula ina tunanin game da yadda za Kalman rayuwa ba tare da shi. Ta kullum wahayi zuwa gare shi tare da ra'ayin cewa, zai auri yarinyar mace wanda zai ba ta haifi 'ya'yansa. Don wannan karshen, ta gabatar da shi ga haske actress aristocratic Agnes Esterhazy. Tsakanin mawaki da kuma actress ya haskaka ji. Bayan rasuwar Paula Kalman fatan aure Agnes. Ya sayi ta a gidan, (¡uraishi) tare da furanni da kuma kyautai. Amma da zarar na koya game da kafirci da abokai, gafarta mata, ya iya ba.

A 1940, Kalman gana da sosai matasa hijira daga Rasha Vera Makinsk, wanda kokarin zama wani movie actress. A mawaki aka buga da ta matasa da kuma kyakkyawa. Ya aure Vera, amma da aure ne ba farin ciki, ko da yake da shi ya 'ya'ya uku da aka haife. Bangaskiya ya nuna sha'awar a partying, tsada shopping, litattafan, ba kawai Kalman. Imre gãfarta ta kome, ya roƙe ba su bar shi, kula da yara. Rubuta shi ne kawai sau daya, da kuma wahayi daina ziyarci shi.

'yan shekarun nan

Bayan wani bugun jini a 1949, Kalman ya partially shanyayyu. Ransa ya wuya, ya na da hannu a cikin yara, na yi kokarin rubuta music, amma shi ne mafi sharri aiki. Back a 1950 a Paris, Imre Kalman yana kokarin aiki tare da mafi yawan 'yan operetta, wanda ya a total gazawar da mawaki. Oktoba 30, 1953 Kalman mutu. Aka binne shi a Vienna - birnin da ya rabo, mai girma.

ban sha'awa facts

Wani 4 shekaru na Imre Kalman ya m na music, sai ya ciyar hours karkashin windows da farfesa, kada violin, lokacin da ya tsunduma. Daga baya, ya horar a buga fiyano for 16 hours a rana, wanda ya haifar da rauni.

Sha'awa, da Kalman ya sosai na kowa da kuma m mutum. Amma tsoro na Juma'a da kuma yawan "13". Ya taba nada farko a 13th lambar, ya yi imani cewa ya yi sa'a number - "17", da kuma kokarin kiyaye operetta nuna karo na farko shi ne a cikin waɗannan kwanaki. Ya kuma yi imani da cewa operetta kamata sa mata sunayen kawai idan suka hadu tare da nasara.