Ilimin aikin likita na yara - menene wannan? Zama - yara pediatrician

A zabi na sana'a - wani sosai tsanani mataki. Daga ya dogara kan yadda za su ci gaba daga baya a rayuwa. Akwai quite mai yawa fasahohin. Daya daga cikinsu - wannan shi ne wani pediatrician. Wannan sana'a ne m, kuma a bukatar a aiki kasuwa, amma kafin ku same shi, ya kamata ka yi la'akari, ko yana iya, da kuma mamaki ko akwai takamaiman mutuntakar cewa ana buƙatar a kara aiki.

Ilimin aikin likita na yara a matsayin likita sashe

A 1847 an buga shi cikin gida jagorancin "Pediyatrika". Its marubucin ya likita SF Hotovitsky. Wannan gwani a ya jagoranci ya gano wani wuri tsakanin yara likita fannoni. Ya nuna ta a raga, kuma manufofin. Saboda haka, SF Hotovitsky zama kafa na Rasha ilimin aikin likita na yara. Saboda haka, abin da ake nufi da wannan kalma? Mene ne jigon da ya ce reshe na magani? Ilimin aikin likita na yara - da kimiyya da yaro ta jiki cututtuka, su lura da kuma rigakafin. Its main aiki umurni ne da adana daga cikin yaro ta kiwon lafiya ko sama a al'ada jihar da cutar.

Pediatricians conventionally kasu kashi da yawa rassan (kwatance):

• M ilimin aikin likita na yara. A karkashin lokaci tana nufin wani tsarin matakan da nufin hana da ya faru na cututtuka daban-daban.
• Clinical ilimin aikin likita na yara. Wannan shugabanci ya hada da ganewar asali daga cututtuka, magani da kuma fi na rashin lafiya yara wuri.
• Academic ilimin aikin likita na yara. Wannan Trend, jigon da ya ta'allaka ne a cikin halitta da paradigms. Suna kara shiryar da likitoci a cikin m aiki.
• Social ilimin aikin likita na yara. Da manufofin wannan reshe na kimiyya - nazarin yara kiwon lafiya, ci gaba da zaman jama'a tsarin na rigakafi da kula da yara yawan jama'a.
• Environmental ilimin aikin likita na yara. Wannan reshe na kimiyya karatu da sakamakon daban-daban muhalli dalilai a kan yara kiwon lafiya.

A tarihin Rasha ilimin aikin likita na yara

Ilimin aikin likita na yara a Rasha tsaya fitar a raba likita horo a cikin XIX karni. A wannan lokaci ya fara da za a buga na farko da fassarorin littafin da wallafa gida mawallafa (misali, "Guide to ilmi kuma warkar da infantile cututtuka" N. Rosen von Rosenstein, "Kalmar na zama dole kayayyakin aiki, don ƙarfafa rauni jariri don jan iri a namu kasar mutane" AI . Danilevsky).

Game da lura da yara da shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa har da XIX karni, duk da zama dole shirye-shirye da aka yi a gida. Unguwar zoma da kuma therapists ya general shawara. A farko yara gado, kamar yadda evidenced da tarihi na ilimin aikin likita na yara, da aka kafa a wata warkewa asibitin Ivan Petrovich Frank, bude a 1806. Bayan 'yan shekaru da wadannan wurare shafe ta. A farko yara asibiti da aka bude kawai a 1834 a St. Petersburg.

A halin yanzu, yawan adadin cibiyoyin da ke aiki a Rasha, samar da harkokin kiwon lafiya na matasa marasa lafiya da kuma uwayensu:

• yara (birni, lardin, yankin, na kasa, gundumar) da kuma qware (tarin fuka, cututtuka, tabin hankali) asibiti.
• kananan dakunan shan magani (birane, hakori) da kuma daban-daban cibiyoyin (bincike, fi).
• kafa yaro jindadin da haihuwa (marayu, perinatal cibiyar, kiwo abinci, post).

Abin lura Research Clinical Institute of ilimin aikin likita na yara mai suna bayan Academician Yuriya Evgenevicha Veltischeva. Shi ne mafi bincike ma'aikata a yara Rasha. Yana bakuncin wani iri-iri na aiki a kan yara. All lura da yara ta game da shi kyauta. An kudi daga gwamnatin tarayya kasafin kudin. Shi ne kuma ya kamata a lura da cewa Institute of ilimin aikin likita na yara yana ba kawai likita taimako amma kuma shawara.

Manufofi da kuma babban batutuwa na ilimin aikin likita na yara

Daya daga cikin ayyuka na wannan reshe na magani - bincikowa da kuma lura da cututtuka daban-daban. Doctors gane cututtuka a yara da suke da cututtuka, da sakamakon gwaje-gwaje da kuma Nazarin. Bayan ganewar asali kwararru rubũta dace magani. A wannan yanayin, likitoci ko da yaushe nemi m pharmacotherapy, a matsayin tarawa sakamako na samun babban adadin kwayoyi a mafi yawan lokuta shi ne unpredictable.

A batu na ilimin aikin likita na yara yana wani aiki - shi ne fi na yara. Bayan cututtuka matasa kwayoyin bukatar maido da. A dangane da wadannan yara bayan dawo da iya bukatar:

• m jiyya na rana (kebewa daga wasanni, karin load).
• ruri far (ganye magani, da yin amfani da bitamin shirye-shirye).
• kebewa daga allurar rigakafin.
• a zauna a wani sanatorium.

A manufofin da dangantaka ilimin aikin likita na yara da kuma rigakafin cututtuka. Yana iya zama na farko, na biyu da kuma manyan. Karkashin farko rigakafin nufin da rigakafin cututtuka saboda allurar rigakafin aseptic matakan. Secondary rigakafin dangane da ganewa na da alamun farko na cutar. Godiya ga farkon ganewar asali iya hana tsanani bayyanar cututtuka. Manyan rigakafin - wani hadadden na matakan da nufin hana da ci gaban da cutar, wanda zai iya haifar da tawaya.

Bisa ga sama matsaloli, yana yiwuwa a gano babban batutuwa da yara karatu a magani:

• jiki ci gaba da kuma kiwon lafiya na yara.
• haddasawa da cututtuka da kuma raunin da ya faru, su bayyanar cututtuka.
• magani da kuma rigakafin cututtuka.
• taimakon farko ga daban-daban raunin da hatsarori, da sauransu.

"Pediatrician" sana'a

Doctor - wani mutum tsunduma a cikin ganewar asali, magani da kuma rigakafin cututtuka daban-daban da kuma raunin da ya faru a cikin mutane. Wannan sana'a ne daya daga cikin mafi tsufa kuma mafi daraja a cikin al'umma. Yana hada da wani iri-iri fannoni. Daya daga cikinsu - wannan shi ne wani pediatrician.

Babban nauyin da mai suna gwani - mu bi da matasa marasa lafiya. Pediatrician ba amfani da samfuri. Shi ne na musamman m ga kowane yaro ta hanyar tattaunawa sami korafin zama ta amfani dace bincike dabaru, da nazarin sakamakon samu, tasowa matsakaicin mutum magani regimen. Nauyi na pediatrician ba a iyakance ga aiki tare da rashin lafiya yara. Specialist an recordkeeping.

Zama "yaro pediatrician" a bukatar a aiki kasuwa. Novice kwararru wajen sauri sami aikace-aikace. Hakkin dogara ne a kan wurin aiki da kuma kwarewa. Shi ne low a tsakanin matasa kwararru aiki a harkokin kiwon lafiya, cibiyoyin. Mai kyau Hakkin suna dandana likitoci kasuwanci asibitoci.

Wa zai iya zama pediatrician?

Tafiyar da magani daga yara za su iya zama waɗanda ke da wata likita digiri. Yana za a iya samu a wani musamman University (cibiyoyi na bayar). Ilimi shi ne quite wuya, saboda zamani magani - shi ne wani hadadden yanki na ilimi. Nazarin a likitanci makaranta yana for 6 shekaru a full-lokaci. Mu'amala ba zai yiwu don samun ilmi.

Mutanen da suke da ban sha'awa sana'a "pediatrician" da kuma wanda ya so su ɗaure gaba da rayuwa tare da magani dole ne ba kawai da diploma na mafi girma likita ilimi, amma kuma mutuntakar kamar:

• sadaka.
• tausayi.
• kallo.
• alhakin;
• sadarwa.

Samun sana'a pediatrician

A Rasha aiki quite 'yan likita makarantu. Daya daga cikin mafi kyau makarantun ne SPbGPMU. Deciphering wannan saukarwa - Saint Petersburg Jihar Katafaren Medical University. Wannan institute an aiki tun shekara ta 1925. Mutane da suke so su zama a nan gaba a pediatrician iya yi a nan a Sashen "ilimin aikin likita na yara." Reviews na kyau ta. Dalibai sun nuna tabbatacce da ra'ayinta game da ingancin ilimi, malaman. A SPbGPMU akwai sauran sassan:

• Postgraduate da ƙarin masu sana'a da ilimi.
• asibiti tunani.
• hakori.
• "Medicine".

Da hankali ga daliban da suka mafarki don samun lafiya sana'a, shi ne kuma ya cancanci na farko Moscow Jihar Medical University mai suna bayan Ivana Mihaylovicha Sechenova. Shi ne mafi girma da kuma mafi tsufa ilimi ma'aikata na kasa a fagen magani, kafa a 1755. Da tsarin kunshi 10 da ikon tunani. Daya daga cikinsu - ilimin aikin likita na yara. A wannan baiwa 8 sassan:

• Ilimin aikin likita na yara da kuma Katafaren Rheumatology.
• Clinical immunology da kuma Allergology.
• yara tiyata.
• kiwon lafiya na yara da kuma matasa.
• ilimin aikin likita na yara da kuma yara cututtuka .
• Diabetology da Endocrinology.
• neonatology.
• propaedeutics na yara cututtuka.

Wani misali - Altai Jihar Medical University. A jami'a da aka kafa a shekara ta 1954. A da tsarin akwai wadannan sassan: likita, hakori, Pharmaceutical, kiwon lafiya da kuma m, Advanced Medical, Higher Nursing Education. Pediatrician - mai sana'a, wanda kuma za a iya samu a nan. Katafaren baiwa akwai tun 1966. Domin duk lokacin da ya aiki mai girma da yawan sosai m kwararru da aka saki.

Kudin shiga da yara baiwa

Don shiga da a cikin likita makaranta a sashen ilimin aikin likita na yara, dalibai wuce jarrabawa a cikin sunadarai, ilmin halitta da kuma Rasha harshe. A samu scores rubuta ma'aikata. A cikin rashi na sakamakon jarrabawa suka shiga dauki ƙofar gwaje-gwaje a cikin ganuwar na jami'a. Su siffar ne daban-daban: ko dai da baki ko a rubuce (a cikin nau'i na gwaje-gwaje, amsoshin tambayoyi, da dai sauransu ...). Bayani game da jarrabawa, shi wajibi ne don saka a gaba a selection kwamitin zaba jami'a.

Kudin shiga da nasarar wuce ƙofar gwajin a cikin sunadarai, ilmin halitta, da kuma Rasha da harshen, to Master da manhaja ne mai kyau isa. za ka iya sa hannu up for horo idan ake so. Sun bayar da kowane kiwon lafiya jami'a, makarantar kimiyya, institute. A Darussan iya tuna baya koya abu, tambayoyi.

Pediatrician - mai sana'a da cewa a cikin makarantar sakandare, za ka iya samu duka biya da kuma free. Don zo a kasafin kudin wuri, dole ne ka tafi, ta hanyar wani m selection. Akwai irin wannan abu a matsayin "izinin lamba". Wannan ne mafi ƙarancin yawan maki, wanda shi ne isa ya auku a kan kasafin kudin. A selection kwamitin ya ko da yaushe kira zuwa bara ta Figures, tun da ainihin izinin kudi ta wãyi gari da aka sani kawai bayan da m gwaje-gwaje da kuma samuwar dalibai rating.

Karatu a yara baiwa

Shiri na masana fara da wani bincike na cikin muhimman hakkokin kimiyya, likitanci da kuma m likita da nazarin halittu abubuwa. Dalibai suna gabatar da tsarin da jikin mutum, kwayoyin da physiological matakai abin da ke faruwa a cikin shi. Sa'an nan da horo farawa a musamman na yara sassan. Future pediatricians a aji nazarin ganewar asali, magani da kuma rigakafin cututtukan yara, ainihin tambayoyi da amsoshi ilimin aikin likita na yara.

Nazarin a likitanci makaranta ya hada da samun ba kawai msar tambayar amma kuma m ilmi. A farko yi horo dalibai kira. Yana shafi kula da lafiya yara da kuma manya. Wadannan ayyuka suna kira samar. Kamar yadda suka wuce, dalibai yi aikinsu na kiwon lafiya kwararru:

• mataimakin mãma, (a shekara 1).
• mataimakin unguwa nas (2nd shekara);
• Mataimakin procedural nas (3 Hakika).
• mataimakin asibiti likita (4 Hakika).
• Mataimakin likita yara asibitin (5 Hakika).

Ayyukan pediatrician

Mutanen da suke horo a likitanci makaranta, ya kamata ka san da darajar ilimin aikin likita na yara, kazalika da ayyuka za su zama da fuska su a nan gaba. Pediatrician nazarin ba kawai yaro, yin bincike da kuma rubuta magani. A likita kuma inganta da samuwar da iyaye:

• Yana nufin uwa a kan m muhimmancin shayar da nono.
• tabbata daga cikin amfanin free zanen.
• ya bayyana a gare iyaye muhimmancin m alurar riga kafi.
• tsayayya da su "hunturu iyo" matasa da yara da sauransu.

A gwani dole ne ba da tsoro iyaye diagnoses. A kullum cututtuka kamata ko da yaushe kula da fata uwaye da kuma dads da hasashen. Lokacin da m pathological yanayi ba zai iya yin wani wa'adi, waraka. Don magana da gakiya, kuma shi ne, ba nan da nan dole, saboda shi ba a san yadda mutane amsa ga m ganewar asali. A data kasance rashin lafiya za a iya ce kawai daya daga cikin iyaye.

Bayan lamba tare da wata rashin lafiya yaro likita dole nuna tausayi, empathy. The yaro zai ji da hankali, kula da kuma amincewa da gwani. M jiki lamba. The tsoro a cikin yaro saboda rage touch, stroking. Idan yaro tanã kai ƙãra zafi, sa'an nan kana bukatar ka tambayi ganin wurin da ciwo. Sa'an nan ka tabbata ga ce da kuma bincike mai raɗaɗi, kuma m yankunan. A lokacin dubawa wani hali iya ba kunya kadan haƙuri, yi masa dariya.

Known pediatricians

Mutane da yawa san Evgeniya Olegovicha Komarovskogo. Wannan shi ne wani pediatrician, likita daga cikin mafi girma category. Ya rubuta yawa littattafan da articles a kan yara cututtuka, yara kiwon lafiya. Komorowski shi ne ma mai TV gabatar. A 2010, a kan daya daga cikin Ukrainian TV channel fara watsa, da ake kira "School of Dr. Komarovsky." Yana gaya wa likita ne samuwa ga masu kallo a kan wani iri-iri na yara ailments, kazalika da hanyoyin da magani. Clear harshen kafa daga ilimin aikin likita na yara. Ga yara za ka iya ko hada da canja wurin.

A babbar gudunmawar ga ci gaban ilimin aikin likita na yara gabatar Leonid Mihaylovich Roshal. Wannan shi ne wani Soviet da kuma Rasha pediatrician, likita, Doctor of Medical Sciences. A gwani ya rubuta mai girma yawan monographs. Roshal ne har yanzu san su da ƙarfin hali. Ya tsĩrar da yara, wadanda ke fama da girgizar ƙasa, da yaƙe-yaƙe da kuma fama.

Wani sanannun pediatrician - Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Baranov. Ya rubuta game da 500 kimiyya ayyukansu (monographs, litattafan da Littattafan). A halin yanzu, Alexander Baranov aiki MGMU Sechenov. Shi ne shugaban sashen ilimin aikin likita na yara da kuma Katafaren Rheumatology Katafaren Faculty.

A ƙarshe, shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa ilimin aikin likita na yara - shi ne mai matukar muhimmanci reshe na magani. Idan kana so ka zama mai pediatrician, za ka iya zuwa likita makaranta. Koyi daga likita ne ban sha'awa, amma da wuya. Ya kamata a tuna cewa a pediatrician kamata ba kawai suna da zama dole msar tambayar ilmi da m basira, amma kuma mutuntakar. Ya kamata sami yardar in sadarwa tare da yara da kuma su dawo.