Hereditary cututtuka - su haddasawa

Hereditary cututtuka - Waɗannan su ne cututtuka da cewa suna daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar da jam sel daga tsara zuwa tsara. A total akwai fiye da dubu shida da cututtuka na irin wannan. Game da dubu daga gare su, to za a samu ko da kafin haihuwar da yaro. Har ila yau, wadannan cututtuka zai iya bayyana a karshen na biyu shekaru goma na rayuwa, har ma bayan shekaru 40. Babban dalilin da hereditary cututtuka ne da kwayoyin halittu, ko maye gurbi na chromosomes.

A rarrabuwa na hereditary cututtuka

Kwayoyin cututtuka kasu kashi biyu kungiyoyin:

1. Odnoprichinnye ko monofaktornye. Waɗannan su ne cututtuka cewa suna hade da maye gurbi a cikin chromosomes ko genes.
2. Pluricausal ko multifactorial. Wadannan su ne cututtuka waxanda ake sa ta canje-canje a cikin daban-daban kwayoyin halittu da muhalli tasiri saboda da waje yanayi na da yawa dalilai.

Domin fitowan da wata irin cuta a cikin wani daga cikin 'yan uwa, mutumin da ya kamata a yi irin wannan ko da guda hade da kwayoyin halitta, wanda yake shi ne riga da dangi. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa hereditary cuta nasaba gaban kowa genes a daban-daban zumunta digiri na dangantaka.

A mataki na dangantaka da rabo daga jimlar da alaka da genes

Tun da kowane haƙuri ta farko-mataki zumunta dangantaka da 50% na kwayoyin halitta, don haka wadannan mutane na iya samun wani m hade da genes predisposing zuwa bayyanar cutar. Yan'uwa na uku da na biyu digiri dangi ne m iya samun mahara marasa lafiya da guda sa na gene.

Hereditary cututtuka - iri

Hereditary cuta na iya zama fiye da daya irin. rarrabe:

• Chromosomal cututtuka. Sau da yawa, a lokacin da cell division auku irin wannan cewa mutum nau'i-nau'i daga chromosomes zauna tare. A sakamakon haka, da sabon cell chromosome yawan fiye da a kowane sauran. Wannan hujja take kaiwa zuwa rayuwa cuta. Wadannan cututtuka faruwa a 1 daga 180 jarirai. Domin wadannan yara akwai yawa haihuwa lahani, shafi tunanin mutum retardation da sauransu.
• Munanan a autosomes take kaiwa zuwa mahara da kuma tsanani cututtuka.
• Gene maye gurbi. Monogenic cututtuka unsa maye gurbi a cikin guda gene. Wadannan cututtuka suna gaji bisa dokar Mendel.
• Hereditary rayuwa cututtuka. Kusan dukan kayyade abnormality hade tare da sun gaji rayuwa cututtuka. Lokacin maye gurbi a cikin operon tsarin gina jiki kira na faruwa a tare sababbu tsarin. A sakamakon haka, mahaukaci rayuwa kayayyakin tara, wanda shi ne mai cutarwa ga kwakwalwa.

Akwai sauran hereditary cututtuka. Kafin a ci gaba to su magani, dole ne ka wuce cikakken ganewar asali. Doctors bayar da shawarar ka kasance musamman m ga duk mata masu a wani iyali inda akwai marasa lafiya tare da wannan ganewar asali. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa irin wannan mata ya zama karkashin musamman dubawa. Kawai a cikin wannan harka da mataki na bayyana cutar a wani yaro za a iya rage girmanta. Babban abu a tuna cewa wani hereditary cuta, a lokacin da likita shiga tsakani a wasu ake so tsawon lokaci na iya gudãna daga ƙarƙashinsu mafi sauƙi.