Greenhouse: kyautata a cikin hannuwansu

The gina wani sabon tsari gidaje don kare kasar gona daga yanayi - wannan shi ne kawai rabin labarin. Lokacin da ta gina greenhouse, kyautata a cikin kudin da bukatar ƙarin kokarin.

Kawai idan shirya gadaje da kuma halittar mafi kyau duka yanayi na shuke-shuke iya fara wani abu girma. Bayan da babbar tsarin abubuwa kafa greenhouse, da ciki tsari na hawa na bukatar da wadannan kayan aiki: dumama, samun iska, da ruwa, da gadaje, ko sigogi. Duk da haka, shi za a iya shigar ma kafin ta yi (misali, ƙasa dumama tsarin).

Organization dumama greenhouses

A iska zafin jiki a cikin greenhouse kada ta kasance kasa 18 ºC. Duk wani bango rufi a farkon spring bai samu da ake so zazzabi for shuka girma. Wannan na bukatar ƙarin dumama. Ya tsarin dogara a kan size of gabatarwa da kuma kudi yiwuwa na mai shi.

Local dumama ba samar da uniform zafi shigar da dukan yankin. Its dace rarraba samu ta hanyar ciyar da ruwan zafi ta hanyar bututu ko da convector. Heat dole ne a kawota sannu a hankali da kuma sama.

A yanke shawara zai zama tasiri da kuma sauki idan ka zabi wani m wuri ba tare da zayyana, inda greenhouse zai tsaya. Fitted ciki na samar da ga shigarwa na high gadaje, da sanyi kasa kasa yi wa shuke-shuke, da kuma damar ya dace.

Domin halitta dumama shi wajibi ne don ƙara wani lantarki, gas, ko m man fetur.

} Ir} tsanani kasar gona da na USB sakewa makamashi zuwa 120 W / m ^2. An dage farawa a cikin wani Layer na yashi, zuba uwa ruwa resistant rufi (kumbura polystyrene ko kumfa). Top na USB da aka kare ta a raga netting, wanda zuba tati up to 35 cm.

Lagireto ruwan dumama ko'ina gudamawar zafi ko'ina cikin dakin.

Infrared heaters kuma samar da ƙarin ɗaukar hoto. Tare da su taimako, za ka iya ƙirƙiri daban-daban da zazzabi zones, wanda results a cikin gagarumin makamashi tanadi.

Gas dumama ne dace, idan ka gama da dumama greenhouses zuwa Karkasa tsarin. Za ka iya amfani da bayyana ko saita kuka ga tukunyar jirgi atomatik tsarin.

M-man fetur tsarin da ya dace a zaman greenhouses, inda akwai itace a yalwace. Sarrafa mafi hadaddun, amma shi ya fi tattalin arziki fiye da wasu. Makera ga m man fetur ne ko da yaushe kyawawa don ci gaba a ajiye.

A zafi asarar dogara sun fi mayar a kan ingancin translucent yadi. Fitted ciki da greenhouse daga polycarbonate bukatar kasa dumama halin kaka saboda high thermal m kaddarorin da kayan.

iska

Heat da iska halaye na samun iska a cikin greenhouses an firam. Ga wani karamin wuri ne kawai biyu vents ko transoms sanya a tarnaƙi, ko a daban-daban Heights. Suna located a nesa na ba fiye da 2 m, idan yana da babban greenhouse. Fitted ciki da ƙarin wurare dabam dabam fan ko'ina gudamawar da danshi da zafi a kan dukan girma, wanda inganta yanayi na shuka girma. A kan rufin ne ma shigar a fan, wanda naushe sabo iska daga waje. Saboda high zafi-tsare kaddarorin da shafi iska a ɗaka ne hanzari mai tsanani a rana. Tsari polycarbonate cikin greenhouses wadata da kuma damar da ciki iska iska ba overheat. Ya kamata kuma damar gagarumin zayyana da kuma hypothermia greenhouses domin shi ne mafi sharri a gare jihar na amfanin gona.

Control zafi da kuma zafi a cikin greenhouse da aka sanya manyan ta yin amfani da wani hadadden kula da tsarin for atomatik bude transoms da kuma iska. A sauki tsarin a kan mãkirci za a iya powered by wani sauki inji tare da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa Silinda. Ta kara mai da zazzabi, shi ne fadada, kuma da kara bude daya ko fiye vents.

samar da ruwa

shuka rayuwa da aka kai tsaye alaka da yanayi zafi. A ta overabundance na fruiting an jinkirta da talauci ɓullo da tushen tsarin. Idan danshi bai isa ba, da shuke-shuke girma sannu a hankali, kuma su yawan aiki da aka rage.

Construction na greenhouses sanya na polycarbonate a hannuwansu hada halittar amintacce kuma m ban ruwa.

The ruwa kada ta kasance sanyi, saboda daga wannan Rotting asalinsu. watering dokoki ba da damar shigar azzakari cikin farji na droplets a cikin ganyayyaki da kuma mai tushe na shuke-shuke. An sanya mafi sau da yawa a cikin zafi weather, da kuma cikin ruwa ya kwarara kudi ne 10-12 l / m ^2. A zurfi tushen tsarin, da karin danshi zama dole.

Musamman ban ruwa a greenhouses ƙasa kamar haka:

1. Surface ban ruwa a greenhouses tambaya a ke so saboda high zafi da cakuduwa da kwarara iko.
2. Digon feed yadda ya dace, tun kasa ruwa ake bukata, yana da sauki don gabatar da taki da kuma tsari za a iya sarrafa kansa.
3. A mafi m ne ta hanyar subsurface ban ruwa bututu da ramuka, suka binne a zurfin 0.25 m, kuma tare da wani gaba ɗaya kara nuna bambanci.

Samar da ruwa kai tsaye a tushen halitta abũbuwan amfãni cikin sharuddan rage ta danshin hasarori, bunkasa wetting na tushen tsarin da kuma tsare da ƙasa tsarin.

Domin greenhouses tara ruwa SPRAY amfani a kan manyan yankunan, tun kowane tukunya shayar a kan wani m sikelin ne ba zai yiwu ba.

Fitted cikin greenhouses polycarbonate. Photo watering shuke-shuke amfani capillary mats

Modern ban ruwa da hanyoyin bukatar gagarumin zuba jari. Na da babban amfani ne da wani sabon da sosai tattali Hanyar ƙasa danshi amfani da wani capillary mat. Yana da wani roba felts, wanda damar zuwa sha da kuma rike wani zuwa 3 l na ruwa da 1 sq. m square. Yana sanya tef da tukwane da shuke-shuke, wanda a hankali ya laima ni'imar. Don kare da samu daga ƙasa, kuma tushen shigar azzakari cikin farji mat aka rufe da wani porous fim. Kamar wancan ne samar polycarbonate tsari cikin greenhouses. Hotuna watering da capillary mat aka gabatar a kasa.

Abũbuwan amfãni daga capillary mats da wadannan:

• low cost da abu da kuma tsari.
• ci gaba da kuma uniformity na ban ruwa.
• kariya da lalacewar seedlings da kuma shuka cututtuka.
• karko mat abu.
• mai sauki bayani da taki shuka.

Dalili na capillary mats ne na al'ada katako, pallets. Su suna shigar a jere a kan tubalin da kuma saman sa lebur Slate zanen gado, wadda aka a haɗe via sukurori ga gefen reluwe, sa'an nan ya rufe da polyethylene fim. Its gefuna kamata a dauke a baki da kuma gyara stapler dogo. A capillary mat aka yada a kan saman polyethylene kashin da sauka kasa, aka kuma a haɗe zuwa reluwe. A gefuna dole ba protrude bayan fim. A saman mat lullube perforated sheeting.

A capillary mat zubar da ruwa, muddin lokacin da ɗauka da sauƙi guga man fita daga gare ta ba za ta bauta wa ruwa. Idan saman da aka kafa puddles, da suka wuce haddi ruwa hadin wasika.

Tukwane da kuma fayafayan da magudanun ruwa da ramuka a cikin kasa ana saka a kan m shafi. Ruwa da aka kara da cewa, a lokacin da danshi zai gushe aiki a lokacin da ɗauka da sauƙi guga man hannunsa.

A capillary mat za a iya sanya kansa. Don yin wannan a kan wani pallet sanya daga polyethylene film sa m padding polyester da soaking shi. Sa'an nan ya kwanta a saman wani perforated baki fim. Ramukan da shi an yi amfani da gida da aka yi "bushiya" kwali kwalaye cushe da kananan kusoshi.

Sintepon kada ta kasance overdry, in ba haka ba to, zai sami dogon lokaci zuwa moisten da ruwa.

Ground greenhouses cikin tsari da gadaje: photo

Hanyar kayan aiki a ciki da greenhouse dogara ko mai son raba shi a kan wani gado ko shigar shelves, wadda za ta karbi bakuncin seedlings ko potted shuke-shuke. Idan shi ne gona da irin, da tsaga da aka yi a kan gadaje. Suna shirya dangane da namo dabaru da kuma amfanin gona iri. Kamar wancan ne su nisa kada wuce 1.2 m a tsakiyar da kuma a gefuna da 0.6 m, don ya sami damar sauƙi isa shuke-shuke ba tare da fatar a ƙasa. Gona compaction take kaiwa zuwa tabarbarewar wurare dabam dabam iska ga asalinsu.

Bari mu bincika abin da ya kamata a ciki da greenhouse. Gina ba fiye da 2-3 gadaje tsara uku kamu. Daya daga cikin wurare an bar akalla 50 cm a fadin, da kuma sauran - karami. Wannan zai haifar da sauƙi na tabbatarwa. Za ka iya sa giciye wurare a cikin wurãren kwanciya, idan ka sa a ƙasa na hukumar.

Fitted cikin greenhouses nisa na 3-5 m ne daban-daban ne kawai a cikin yawan gadaje. A fadi da sarari, da mafi gadaje.

A cikin babban greenhouse wajibi ne don shuka da yawa daban-daban al'adu. A zafi-m shuke-shuke a kan m gefe, misali, tumatir. Idan akwai ana shuka cucumbers, su ya kamata a raba tare da filastik kunsa don ƙirƙirar high zafi. A tumatur a high zafi pollen sandunansu tare, wanda adversely rinjayar da amfanin ƙasa.

The na'urar waƙoƙi

Waƙoƙi dole yi zamewa kuma cewa su ba su tara ruwa. Hard coatings ana amfani kankare, clinker tubalin tubalan, bayar da damar gudanar fale-falen, kuma ga taushi - tsakuwa, yashi, tsakuwa. The m hanya ne fin so a matsayin abu ba zai tsaya ƙafafun na trolley da kuma takalma.

Mai zuba kankare ne dace, amma ba ya duba sosai ban sha'awa. A matsayin ado a cikin farfajiya iya tura kananan duwatsu ko oblitsevat yumbu fale-falen. Kyau da kuma abin dogara hanya za a sharewa da clinker tubalin, bayar da damar gudanar tubalan ko bayar da damar gudanar slabs. Materials ya kamata a zabi sanyi. Suna sanya a kan wani yashi ko bayani.

Very m ne hanya tare da filler. A saboda wannan dalili shi yada tubalin ko zuba kankare a wani akwatin, wanda gabatar ciyawa ko taki, sa'an nan ya rufe tare da katako, murfin. Yana dole ne da karfi isa ya yi waƙar aiki. Wannan halitta ƙarin dumama greenhouses, shi dai dole ga taki takin da kuma kubutar da sarari a kan shafin.

A tarnaƙi na da gadaje ƙulla m material: galvanized, allon, tubalin kankare. Itace rots da sauri, kuma ta iya wuce kawai daya kakar. Aluminum bumpers wani lokaci ana kawota tare da wani greenhouse da kuma bauta ga shekaru masu yawa. Borders na galvanized baƙin ƙarfe, polymer mai rufi ne prefabricated, wanda su ma m.

Domin sauki tabbatarwa yi waƙar greenhouses ma waje.

ƙasa shiri

Abin da kuma samar da kayan aiki a ciki da greenhouse? Tsari daga cikin lambu ya shafi samar da su tãyar zuwa tsawo na 20-60 cm. Hnaya mafi sauƙi shine ka shigar da wani shinge da aka yi da katakai 25 cm m. Suka sa a baki da kuma lazimta da turaku a garesu ko ƙusance ginshiƙai. More gwaji Tsarin suna tunzura wasu daga cikin tubalin. Shi ne m yi ko da a gaban yi na greenhouses.

High gado iya saukar da yawa na tati. An ba warwatse ko'ina cikin greenhouse da kyau mai tsanani.

A kasar gona ya zama haske, kuma da ventilated, ba tare da wani sako tsaba. Share fage ga shirya irin kayan lambu, wanda za a shuka a cikinsa.

Ga tumatir da kuma barkono gauraye da ƙasa humus da yashi a daidai sassa da kuma kara da 100 g na alli da kuma ash cakuda guga.

Karkashin cucumbers da courgettes an shirya wadannan abun da ke ciki na kasar gona:

• 6 hours + 4 hours ƙasa humus ...
• 4 hours. The share fage + 3 h. Humus + 3 h. Peat.

Organization racking greenhouses

Domin girma seedlings ko seedlings halitta shelving tsarin mamaya da matsakaicin yawan layuka a cikin free sarari.

girkawa shelving

Lokacin amfani da mahara matakan kamata a yi la'akari musamman shuke-shuke. Dole ne su kasance zafi-auna da kuma a lokaci guda da kyau gagara kadan shading a kan benaye da shelves. Light-m shuke-shuke girma da kyau a kan saman shelves, inda haske ne mafi girma fiye da na duniya kanta.

Construction na greenhouses a hannuwansu ya shafi samar da shelves. Su nisa a cikin bango dole ba fiye da 95 cm, kuma a cikin cibiyar -. 1.5 m tsawo da aka zaba bisa ga sauƙi na amfani, misali, matakin kitchen worktops. A tsawo na shuke-shuke da aiki yafi dace idan aka kwatanta da gadaje, wanda kullum da tanƙwara saukar zuwa weeding, barbarar, ban ruwa, namo da sauran ayyukan noma.

shelving sigogi kamar haka:

• girma da kuma siffar (rectangular, polygonal, Dome).
• girma.
• frame kayan, shelves da kuma goyon bayan.

Saboda da manyan nauyi na tukwane da tsire-tsire da kuma kwalaye na seedlings sigogi ya zama da karfi da kuma barga.

yi kayan da yin tsayayya babba gajiyan da kuma shafe tsawon daukan hotuna zuwa danshi. Popular ne Tsarin aka yi da itace, kamar yadda farashin su arha kuma mafi sauki abu a rike. Sigogi ake yi na katako da shiryayye -. Of jirgin kauri da nisa daga 4 cm zuwa 20 cm zuwa frame ma amfani da aluminum gami, roba ko fentin karfe profiles. Tare da high quality zane na Coatings sarrafa na dogon lokaci da kuma ba ya bukatar kulawa ta musamman.

A cikin itacen ne ko da yaushe mafi matsaloli saboda ta lalata a wani damp yanayi. Yana yana da kullum rike musamman Tsarin da zanen. Metal da kuma roba ne mafi dace don amfani, amma kudin da kayan ne yafi hakan.

Da nisa daga cikin hanya da aka zaba kamar wancan datti greenhouses.

Sprouting tsaba samar a cikin daya daga cikin kwanonin inda backlight aka shigar rufi da kuma gilashin.

Tara greenhouses suna sanye take da wani rigakafi yanki inda za ka iya sa 'yan potted shuke-shuke saya, a kewaye da gilashin ko m film daga dukkan bangarorin. Aiki da kyau ga wannan dakin akwatin kifaye na ba kasa da 100 lita. An sa a kan wani mako biyu a shading wuri.

A ƙasa zaka iya ganin kyautata a cikin greenhouse (photo) daga rigakafi yankin.

Tukwane da tsire-tsire ya kamata a aired akai-akai, gabatar daga greenhouse.

Domin ajiya na magunguna da kuma kayan aiki a cikin greenhouse da aka sanya tambour kabad ko a karkashin shelves.

ƙarshe

Bayan da asali tsarin abubuwa na wanda an gina greenhouse, ya kasancẽwa a ciki shi na bukatar ƙarin kayan aiki dumama, samun iska, ruwa, da gadaje, ko sigogi. Industrial kayayyaki sun hada da atomatik zafin jiki da kuma zafi kula da tsarin. Domin kananan greenhouses a gonar akwai sauki da mafita.