Ganewar asali melanoma: Hanyar, reviews

Dalili nasara magani da cutar - ta dace ganewar asali. Musamman wannan sanarwa da aka kubutar a lokacin da ƙari pathologies, inda a zahiri kowane biyu kirga. Wata irin wannan matsala ne melanoma. A kowace shekara shi ne cancerous cuta kawai ƙaramin. A baya likita zai iya gane shi, da hakan chances wani m hangen nesa. A yau labarin a zurfafe manyan hanyoyin da diagnosing melanoma, da kuma bayyana embodiments na da magani.

Medical takardar shaidar

Melanoma - wani m yanayin da ƙari da cewa tasowa a cikin fata nama, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa. An kafa daga melanocytes - Kwayoyin alhakin zabin da pigment da haifuwa na wannan kashi. Yana gane masu mafi m yankunan na jiki da suke da wuya kare da ultraviolet radiation. Muna magana ne game da fuska, gangar jikin da extremities. Melanoma za a iya generated a-site pre-data kasance nevus ko watsu daidai da lafiya epithelial, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa.

An muhimmanci alama na wani pathological tsari ne da kusan cikakkiyar rashin rigakafi martani. Saboda haka, ƙari tasowa cikin sauri, kuma Yanã ƙãra a size. A kowace shekara shi ne kamu a game da mutane 100,000. A kasar, akwai wani hali zuwa wani karuwa a wajen kisa. A wannan yanayin, melanoma mafi sau da yawa rinjayar mutane dake da shekaru 75 zuwa 85 da shekaru. Yana muhimmanci rage tsawon lokaci na rayuwa da kuma na iya kai ga mutuwa.

A cewar likita statistics, game da 75% na lokuta, yana yiwuwa ya gane cutar da wuri, tun mataki na ci gaba. Wannan shi ne yiwu ba kawai saboda tsananin asibiti hoto. A rawa a cikin aiwatar da ganewa nasa ne farkon ganewar asali na melanoma. Don rarrabe shi daga sauran iri fata cancers za a iya visualized. Duk da haka, domin zane har na lura da shirye-shirye bukatar sani game da ƙari a matsayin mai yawa bayani. Binciken damar domin sanin da har kuma mataki na pathological aiwatar hango ko hasashen, sami metastasis da sauransu. D. cigaba da more daki-daki a kan manyan embodiments.

anamnesis

Medical tarihi - shi ne na farko mataki na ganewar asali na kusan duk pathologies. Ya nufi da nazarin haƙuri ta likita tarihi da kuma bayanai taro. Bisa ga sakamakon irin binciken da gwani zai iya yin na farko bincike da kuma ba da ƙarshe sanya kara jarrabawa.

Melanoma tsunduma oncologist. A farko liyafar ya ko da yaushe zabe da haƙuri game da damuwa bayyanar cututtuka. Don fayyace wannan asibiti oncologist iya tambaya mai yawan ayoyi tambayoyi: idan akwai wani mayar da hankali da ciwon kumburi, da sakamakon wasu dalilai gabãta ta ci gaba, da dai sauransu ...

Diagnosing melanoma ma ya shafi nazarin kwayoyin predisposition. The likita da muhimmanci mu san, lokuta kamar rashin lafiya a cikin wasu yan uwa da aka rubuta a can. The abu ne cewa mafi oncological pathologies yana da wani hereditary hali.

jiki jarrabawa

A cikin shakka daga wani cikakken nazari na asibiti manifestations ƙari gwani na samar da wani ingantaccen kima ta asali sigogi:

• size.
• tsarin ciki.
• iyakokin.
• mai launi pigment.
• surface irin zane.

Har ila yau, likita ya yi aikin palpation na inguinal, axillary da mahaifa Lymph nodes. Lokacin da melanoma shimfidawa, ta pathological raunuka da farko watsu makwabtaka Lymph nodes. An karuwa a cikin size - bayyananne alama na ciwon daji.

A Oncology da ake zargi da m yanayin ne dauke m bincike nazari da kuma jarrabawa na sauran sassan jiki, inda irin wannan abubuwa iya located. Kasancewarsu, da yawa marasa lafiya ne ba ma sane. A matsayin na biyu neoplasm, da hatimin iya ba bayyana wasu cututtuka da kuma ba ta da. Mahara pathological raunuka - takamaiman halayyar wannan nau'i na cutar daji.

dermoscopy

Wannan shi ne wani ba cin zali hanya domin ganewar asali melanoma. Ya shi ne cikakken m, saboda haka kada ka ji tsoro daga likita jan.

A lokacin hanya, likita na'am da bayanai game da kauri daga cikin ƙari, tabbatas da size musamman kayan aiki - a micrometer. Bincike da fallasa ko da kananan samuwar, da girma da wanda ba fiye da 1 mm.

Analysis na venous da capillary jini

Za ka iya koya da yawa game da jihar na jiki da jini gwajin. All ciwon daji Kwayoyin nuna takamaiman sunadaran. Wadannan sune ake kira da ƙari saka alama. A lafiya da mutane, ba su da samuwa.

A cikin hali na melanoma a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje domin sanin muhimmancin onkomarkery gina jiki S-100. Its babban taro a cikin jinin ya nuna ba kawai daidai sa da farko ganewar asali, amma kuma a cikin ci gaban da pathological tsari. Muna magana ne game da kasancewar metastases a cikin jiki da aka shafi sauran ciki sashin jiki tsarin. A mataki jiyya ta amfani da irin wannan bincike likita jami'in dake duba yawan daidaitar da aka zaɓa na dabara far, ta digiri na yadda ya dace.

A kasar da ganewar asali melanoma ta kayyade taro a cikin jinin ƙari alamomi ne kawai cajin. Dubawa kudin ne high isa cewa wajaba kusan 100% m sakamakon.

A amfani da rediyoaktif phosphorus

Bambanci ganewar asali melanoma yi ta amsawa phosphorus. Ya dogara ne a kan effects a kan pathological cibiyar disubstituted sodium phosphate labeled da rediyoaktif phosphorus bangaren. Haƙuri likita da shawara sha da miyagun ƙwayoyi, a sãfe da ko da yaushe a kan komai a ciki. Sa'an nan, da lamba taro ƙaddara da radiometry isotopes hatimi sarrafawa zone. Level "na malignancy rarrabẽwa" domin melanoma aka dauke su a uku-Musulunci wuce haddi na fahimta kan ƙari, idan muka kwatanta wannan adadi da yankunan da lafiya fata.

confocal bincike da madubin likita

Wannan ba masu cin zali ganewar asali na fata melanoma wani zaɓi ba ka damar gano matsala a wani wuri mataki na cin gaban su. An za'ayi amfani confocal bincike da madubin likita na'ura tare da low taro na infrared ray fluxes. Used radiation kashi ne kadan, don haka shi ba zai iya haifar da cutar da jikin mutum. Madubin duba cikin matsanancin da ciki yadudduka da epithelial kuma ko da dauke da wani inganta version na rumfa biopsy.

MRI da CT

An muhimmanci mataki a cikin yaki da wani ciwon daji cuta ne farkon ganewa na metastases. The abu ne cewa, shi da aka yada a ko'ina cikin jiki raunuka sau da yawa qara da alama na komawa da kuma rage wa sifili Photos wani speedy dawo. A karshen cewa, a yau amfani da MRI da CT.

Magnetic rawa Dabarar dogara a kan yin amfani da karfi da maganadiso da rediyoaktif kalaman gudana. Saboda wannan shi ne zai yiwu a samu wani hoto a biyu da a tsaye da kuma mai gangara matsayi. Lissafta tomography ma ya bayyana gaban metastases. Duk da haka, to ta taimaka aka yawanci koma ga wasannin zato cewa gaskiyar na yaduwar raunuka ba tukuna tabbatar da jiki.

biopsy

A farkon mataki melanoma ne wuya a gane gani. Biopsy ba ka damar gano abubuwa marurai domin sanin mataki na ta malignancy. A lokacin hanya, likita sa da shinge na da ƙari Kwayoyin sa'an nan nazarin su a karkashin wani hange. Wani lokaci kana bukatar cire m yanki na fata gaba daya.

Idan malignancy aka tabbatar, batun da kau da ba kawai da melanoma, amma kuma da m nama. Lokacin da kauri ya wuce 1 mm, a hankali kwashe tsaro kumburi dissection. Irin Tsarin ayan metastasize. A pathological tsari zai fara a cikin matsara raka'a. Su ma batun karatu karkashin hange. Idan ciwon daji Kwayoyin ba su da wani gwani a wadannan gano cewa, ganewar asali lymphatic tsarin yanzu cikakken. In ba haka ba, m jiyya da ake sanya (msl, jiyyar cutar sankara).

Atomatik ganewa na cuta

Hanyar kai-diagnosing melanoma ba za a iya dauke da wani abin dogara Hanyar cuta ganewa. A daya hannun, ba la'akari da shi shi ne ma ba dole ba. Cigaba da saka idanu na kiwon lafiya matsayi qara da alama na farkon ganewa na matsaloli.

Cancer iya gane aiwatar da wadannan cututtuka:

1. A bayyanar sabon shekaru spots ko moles a jiki.
2. A launi canji na nevus, da ya faru na itching.
3. Discoloration na pigment - halayyar alama na salon salula maye gurbi.
4. Canza moles kan iyakoki. Suna iya yi hasãrar sharpness da kuma zama mai hazo da kuma m.

Farkon ganewar asali na melanoma ne key zuwa nasara magani. Saboda haka, bayyanar daya ko fiye daga cikin cututtuka da aka jera a sama kamata nan da nan neman taimakon wani likitan fata. Idan wani iyali tarihi da cutar da aka gano cutar, shi wajibi ne tare da kulawa ta musamman ga yanayin da fata.

Views da marasa lafiya

Abin da yi ainihin marasa lafiya na ganewar asali melanoma? Sharhi kan wannan hanya, akwai daban-daban. A cikin wannan labarin ne kawai ya bada jerin sunayen da ya fi na kowa hanyoyin da za a gane cutar. A zabi na wani musamman bambance-bambancen da binciken ne ko da yaushe wani likita.

M martani suna hade da wadanda ba masu cin zali dabaru. A wannan yanayin, marasa lafiya ba fuskanci rashin jin daɗi, amma hanyoyin da kansu su ne cikakken m. Duk da haka, su ne m kawai a farko da cutar ci gaba.

Korau ra'ayin ayan faruwa bayan da biopsy. Lalle ne, wannan wani m hanya da aka yi a karkashin janar maganin sa barci. A daya hannun, shi za a iya amfani da su dogara da sanin mataki na malignancy na tsari.

Shawarar magani

Kuma ganewar asali da kuma lura da melanoma kamata ba za a bar unattended. Bayan gaskatãwa neoplasms ya kamata ka nan da nan fara magani. Dabara magani dogara a kan mataki na pathological tsari. Alal misali, aiki ne da za'ayi a wani wuri mataki. A lokacin tiyata, likita kawar melanoma, m a nesa na 1-3 cm na nama da kuma subcutaneous mai. Cryodestruction hanya a wannan cuta ba a amfani.

Idan metastases aka gano bayan lura a asibitin ga ganewar asali na melanoma, magani ne a gudanar da wani sakawa a iska mai guba da kuma liyafar na jiyyar cutar sankara ( "Tamoxifen", "Carmustine"). Wannan shi ne wani wajen mai guba jamiái, amma ba zai iya yi ba tare da su yi amfani da. A a layi daya, m gudanar immunotherapy.

Yadda za a hana cuta?

Rigakafin wani ciwon daji ne dace gano. International Rãnar da ganewar asali melanoma da aka gudanar a shekara a ranar 23 ga watan Mayu. A kan ƙasa na kasar mu a mafi birane biya yawa da hankali zuwa gare shi. Alal misali, a cikin wannan rana, za ka iya daukar wani free binciken nevi kuma moles a jiki, su koyi game da mataki na malignancy. Bugu da kari, a da yawa na musamman likita cibiyoyin gudanar da tarurruka da likitoci da kuma kunkuntar kwararru, wanda magana game da cutar da kuma amsar tambayoyi daga masu sauraro.

Da kansa hana ci gaban melanoma ba haka ba ne mai sauki. Doctors tura a lokacin rani don amfani m kayan aiki ga fata, wanda ya hana shigar azzakari cikin farji daga UV haskoki. Daga sunbathing a yi watsi a cikin lokaci daga 12 zuwa 16 hours. Wajibi ne a biya fiye da hankali kansu. Yana ba da wuya lokaci-lokaci dubawa jiki don gane sabon samuwar kan fata da kuma saka idanu da matsayi na data kasance moles.

Idan a cikin shakka, mafi alhẽri ya ziyarci wani likitan fata, ko oncologist. Har ila yau kada ka manta da cewa a May 23 - da ranar ganewar asali melanoma a lokacin da kowa zai iya samun free nunawa. Bisa ga sakamakon, kuma kawai a lokacin da ya cancanta na musamman kwararru da yaushe aika domin kara jarrabawa.