Freedom-m shayari - wannan ne ... Abin da aka 'yanci-m shayari?

Freedom-m shayari - shi ne lyrics, sadaukar da matsaloli na nufin, 'yanci a cikin daban-daban bayyananen, shelar ideas na humanism da bege ga' yancin kai. A Rasha adabi, watakila shi ne mafi richly wakilci a aikin na babban Rasha mawãƙi na karni na 19th Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina.

Freedom-m lyrics na Pushkin aka kafa a lokacin tashin yakin sani daga cikin mazaunan ƙasarmu bayan yakin duniya na biyu (1812), kazalika da kafin wannan yunkuri na da Decembrists (faru Disamba 14, 1825). Life-tsantsan pathos wakoki, marubucin ya da wani sakamako na wadannan abubuwan. Daga cikin manyan yawan daban-daban da muradi shayari na Alexander ne daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci wurare shi ne taken 'yanci, muradi "tsarki' yanci".

Kalmar " 'yanci"

Don amsa wannan tambaya na abin da aka 'yanci-m shayari, dole ne ka farko ayyana abin da kalmar "' yanci". Domin ƙarni na 10 - 20s na karni na 19th - wannan m ruhu na sada wance, da kuma taimako daga abin da ake kira "zalunci na m ikon", da kuma a ji dadin m sararin yanayin Rasha, da kuma ji na ta poetic 'yanci, da' yanci don ƙirƙirar.

A tsawon rayuwar Pushkin lura da juyin halitta daga cikin m Hanyar marubucin, da tsarin kula da hoton na gaskiya, sabili da haka da image ya lyrical.

A lyrical gwarzo na Pushkin

A Alexander Sergeyevich shi - 'yanci-auna da kuma ruhaniya arziki hali, shirye ya sadakar saboda na kowa hanyar sirri da' yanci, da aminci ga ta, akwai rikitarwa a tsakanin gaskiya da kuma romantic mafarkai, zanga-zangar da kowane irin despotism, da imani da makawa rabo na adalci, kazalika da philosophically fahimta matsalar 'yanci . All shi - fasali na lyrical, to bayyana kansu a cikin lyrics da kuma kiwata wasu matsaloli. Wannan abin da yanci-m shayari.

"Liberty" da "Don Chaadaev"

Saboda haka, a cikin Ode "Liberty", kafa a 1817, shi ne a gwagwarmaya da zaluncin, wanda aka gudanar a cikin sunan rabo, mai girma da 'yanci. "Tashi, auku bayi!" - kira ga mawallafin.

Kira don yin yaki domin 'yanci da aka ji a cikin wani waka, rubuta a 1818 da kuma jawabi ga "abõkinsa" na mawãƙi da ally a tsaurin despotism Pyotr Yakovlevich Chaadaev. A Genre ne - da sako cewa ne a fili ji siyasa sautin. Marubucin kira nutsu zuwa Fatherland "Kurwa mai girma gusts."

All m mutane, Sahaban na Alexander, a jira minti tsarki yanci matsayin matasa lover - "minti aminci bankwana." A wannan sakon, ba za ka iya nemo biyu images: da Mahaifa, mahaifiyata da kuma "ikon dutse." Godiya a gare su, kafin ta idanun zuciya na karatu hoto fita daga mawuyacin hali motherland. The waka ta ambaci kalmar "star", ma'ana a fagen siyasa ƙamus na shekaru na juyin juya hali, da alama na nasarar da kwato al'amarin.

"The Village"

A lokacin wata tafiya zuwa ƙauyen Mikhailovskoye a 1819, da mawãƙi rubuta duka biyu da ya halitta, "The Village", wanda aka directed da serfdom - wani babbar masifa a Rasha. A lyrical gwarzo na wannan aikin a ko'ina kallon "jãhilci m kunya." Gina "kauyen" a kan manufa na antithesis: wani idyllic bayanin irin beauties yanayi a cikin ruhu na sentimentalism a cikin kashi na farko da na biyu - da cika fuska canza yanayin shayari kuma kari. Wannan part - invective, shi presents kowa yana da hotuna na serfs da gidan haya 'ramammu bauta "da" daji-nobility ".

Sauran Poems 1820-1824 shekaru

A cikin wadannan yanki, rubuta a 1820, "Ya bice daystar" murya ji lyrical yanayi na takaici. Marubucin yana nufin da jirgin tare da kira ga kai shi "ga Masallaci mafi nisa da iyaka" a kan "whim m tekuna."

Sauran 'yanci-m shayari na Pushkin - "The fursuna" (1822), kazalika da elegy "Don Tekun" (1824), a cikinsa akwai' yanci na motif dangantaka da batun na bauta. A karshen aikin teku wakiltar cikin cikakkar 'yancin kai na mutum - a matsayin poetic da ciki.

A sauyi a aikin

Tun 1825 a poetic aikin da marubucin ya lura da wani karaya hade da hankali zargin hakikanci a cikin aikinsa, kuma tare da shi da juyin halitta daga cikin 'yanci-m jigogi a cikin shayari na A. S. Pushkina. Yana bayyana istinbadi da kuma canji a cikin waqe-waqe na waɗanda shekara image na lyrical gwarzo. Ya yanzu ta shiga wani m shan kashi na Decembrists, su abokai, ci gaba da high akida. Freedom-m shayari - wannan ba wani romantic tasbihinsa na m mutum ta samu 'yancin kai. Alexander ya riga ya rabu da komai bane illa kawayeniya na matasa shekaru, ya yi mai kauri tsarin zamantakewa, amma cancanci hukunci, raba al'umma a cikin m bayi da iyayengijinsu. Yanzu lyrical gwarzo gamsu da cewa yancin walwala ba za a iya cimma ba tare da ji na ciki da 'yanci na mutum.

"Anchar"

Kamar yadda aka rubuta a cikin 1828 waka "Anchar" Pushkin fallashi bayyananen daguti, wanda ya nuna cewa shi ma yana nufin da " 'yancin-m shayari." Wannan aiki ne da gaske ban tausayi. Oro tsaye kadai a cikin sararin samaniya, kamar mummunan hours, mai nufin da tsumburai hamada. Ko yanayi ya ƙaryata game da shi, ba ya yarda da wannan "guba itace", "itace na mutuwa." Amma nan don Ancharov aika "mutum mutum," kuma ya koma tare da dafin. The bawa ba ya nuna rashin amincewarsu ga nufin ubangijinsa, sun karu da mugunta, ta amfani da guba itace sap domin su kibiyoyi da kuma aika su zuwa ga makwabta iyaka.

Poems 1829-1835 shekaru

Da ilimin falsafa da muradi na lyrics cewa suna hade da taken 'yanci, gani irin' yancin-m waqe na Pushkin matsayin "Ina yawo ..." (1829), "Elegy" (1830), "Har yanzu ina ziyarci" (1835).

A farko waka, Pushkin yana zaton "secluded oak", wanda aka qaddara rayuwa fitar da shekaru, ya riga ya samu "shekaru na Fathers."

"Monument"

Original sakamakon da m aiki na mawãƙi aka kawota a rubuta a 1836, da waka "Na gina wani gini ...". Kuma a nan shi ne a bit daban-daban sauti 'yanci-m shayari. Wannan aiki - a translation na daya daga cikin odes na Horace. Alexander ya ce ya ayyuka zuwa cikin zuriyar mutane da kuma cewa ya yaba da akida na 'yanci da kuma kira ga "rahama ga auku."

Salo fasali na da 'yancin-m shayari

Ya kamata a lura Genre iri-iri lyric mawãƙi kira 'yanci-m: shi ne wani elegy, kuma Ode, da kuma sonnet, da kuma saƙonnin, kuma lyrical waqe. A cikin wadannan ayyuka, Pushkin gudanar ya hada abubuwa da littafin da conversational magana a kan tushen da wani rai kasa harshe. A cikin Littafin waqoqi na Alexander professed style daftarin oratory, da kuma don wannan dalili kunshe a cikin rubutu na da roko, kazalika da fi'ilai a cikin yanayin fi'ilin umarni. Amfani da irin wannan m dabaru, kamar yadda alamu na (teku, teku, star - Alamun 'yanci), kwatanta, anaphora, da sauransu.

A lyrics marubucin muradi ne bambance bambancen da abubuwan da yanci aiwatuwa a na asali m nau'i na da waqe. Saboda wannan ayyukansa sun tsira a karni da kuma immortalized sunan ta mahalicci. Freedom-m shayari - cewa shi ne, a takaice, da kira ga 'yanci, mafarki game da shi.

The darajar 'yanci-m shayari Pushkina

A rayuwa da kuma aiki na Alexander Sergeyevich bai wuce ba tare da barin wani alama. Freedom-m lyrics na Pushkin taka sosai muhimmiyar rawa a zamantakewa da siyasa rai na lokaci. Aikinsa matukar yin tasiri a kara ci gaba da} ungiyoyin shayari na Pushkin kasuwanci na ci gaba da Mihail Yurevich Lermontov, Nikolay Alekseevich Nekrasov, da sauransu.

Wannan abin da yanci-m lyrics na Pushkin. Wannan labarin ba sun hada da duk waqe alaka da wannan sashe, don haka nazarin m al'adunmu na Alexander iya ci gaba da dogaro a kan sauran kafofin.