Features na zamani sadarwa tsarin

A duban farko, wadannan Concepts iya ze synonymous, amma suna da mabanbanta ma'ana.

Cipher ne mai Hanyar tana mayar bayanai domin kare shi daga nesanktsionnovanih masu amfani. Kimiyya da karatu da hanyoyin da data boye-boye hanyoyin kira cryptography. Ya kamata a lura da cewa tarihi kunshe a cryptography wasu zalla soja sharuddan: makiya hari, code, da dai sauransu - su daidai daidai da ma'anar da dacewa Concepts. Duk da haka, soja terminology, dangane da Kalmar "code" yana da kõme ba su yi tare da msar tambayar cryptography, saboda a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata generated coding ka'idar - a manyan kimiyya filin da cewa karatu da kuma tasowa da hanyoyin da bayanai kariya daga abin da ya faru na bazuwar kurakurai a kan sadarwar tashoshi. Saboda haka, ya ce "coding - shi ne mai irin boye-boye" ne mai misnomer.

Tsarinsa da kuma boye-boye suna da nasaba, ba, amma kowanne daga cikin wadannan matakai na da dalili. bayanai coding ne da za'ayi domin yin bayanai bisa ga wasu sharudda a cikin wani nau'i dace da watsa a kan wani musamman tashar. Da zuciyar wani tsarinsa tsarin ne ilmin lissafin tsarin rubutu kamar yadda rikodi alamu, dangane da wanda wanda zai iya samun kowane yawan daban-daban lambobin. Yawanci, da lambobin wakiltar kirtani na binary zeros da kuma wadanda (irin rikodi ne na halitta don amfani a lokacin da watsin da adanar bayanai da kwakwalwa).

data boye-boye - a hanyar mayar bayanai ga AI kariya da samun dama marar izini. Saboda haka, sakon da aka rufaffen saboda haka ya zama m, da kuma masu lamba - ya kasance bayyananne ko da bayan canja wuri na sadarwar tashar, wanda za a iya shafa da amo. Coding bayanai kamata rage hali na rubutu da wata iyaka yawan haruffa (ie, coding ya zama mafi kyau duka), da kuma gane da kuma daidai kurakurai a watsa da kuma ajiya na bayanai (coding ya zama daidaituwa).

Saboda haka, idan kana so ka wuce da bayani a kan wani link, sai da cewa a cikin fitarwa kafin su sami abin dogara da m bayanai bukatar mu hada duka biyu da hira tsari, wato:

- Transfer sako wasu lamba tsarin (wani lokacin isasshe tuba a cikin wani binary tsarin tsarin rubutu, amma akwai wasu, msl, binomial, fibonachieva da dai sauransu).

- encrypt sako (akwai wani m iri-iri na boye-boye hanyoyin, tun da aka kafa lambobin kai zamanin da).

- Samu rufaffen sakon da za a shigar wanda ke aiki don fitarwa da sako a uniquely decoded.

- karanta sakon dole ne a gane kuma a daidai kurakurai da cewa faruwa a lokacin watsa wani sako;

- decrypt sakon bisa ga boye-boye da za'ayi (ga cewa aikawa da karɓa dole ne farko yarda da boye-boye hanya). Matsayin mai mulkin, wannan hanya ta ƙunshi wani janar hanya, da kuma "key". A key ne ya kafa data fassara da takamaiman hira da jam'i na cipher canji.

- Samu sakon canja daga samu lambar tsarin da asali.

Saboda haka, kariya da kuma cikakken watsa bayanai bukatar mai yawa kokarin. A zamanin yau, mai iko kwamfuta fasahar ƙwarai simplifies da wannan tsari, amma shi ne ba ko da yaushe yiwu ga decrypt sakon, musamman idan key shi ne ba a sani ba da taimakon fasaha. Saboda da cikas a tashoshin na bayanai iya gurbata, don haka amfani da wannan coding dabaru da za su iya gano da kuma gyara kuskure.

Saboda haka, a kan wani sadarwar tashar daukar kwayar cutar sako. Sakon samu aka bari for parity na yawan raka'a: idan da lambar da yake ko da raka'a cewa yin zato cewa akwai wani kurakurai, da kuma lokacin da bidiyon dikodi kãfirta game da karshe lambar. Idan yawan raka'a ne m, mai saƙo aika da kurakurai. A hasara wannan hanya ne cewa shi ba ka damar kawai gane kurakurai ba tare da gyara su, yayin da maimaitawa code shi ne ba kawai detects amma kuma gyara kurakurai.

Saboda haka, kowace daga cikin wadannan hanyoyin na coding yana da nasa drawbacks, duk da haka, wadannan hanyoyin wasa a babban muhimmanci a coding ka'idar da su ne tushen gina mafi m lambobin. A zamaninmu, da Hamming lambobin suna amfani, Nagoya, Reed -Myullera, Hadamard, da dai sauransu ..

In mun gwada ciphers yadda za a kare bayanai daga samun dama marar izini yana nufin akwai hanyoyi da dama da wanda za ka iya rarraba ciphers. Yawanci, da asali rarrabuwa an dauki:

a) iyakance amfani ciphers.

b) ciphers janar amfani da jama'a-key.

c) Lambobin-raba tare da masu zaman kansu key.

A shekarar 1963, Amirka lissafi Klod Shennon yin amfani da wannan hanya ya ci gaba da bincike cipher shifran substantiated cewa a duk gargajiya ciphers kamar yadda hankula aka gyara su ne wadannan hanyoyin da boye-boye kamar yadda lambobin da ciphers hadawa watsi.

TAKAITACCEN cipher watsawa ne zuwa redistribute redundancy tushen abin da yake a cikin wurare daban-daban plaintext. A saboda wannan dalili, tare da canza wani guntun yawan abubuwa P, wanda shi ne wani ba a sani ba key. Saboda haka, yawan yiwu keys ne daidai P.

Lokacin da deciphered amfani da kishiya canzawa. Irin wannan boye-boye, ko da yake shi ba zai tasiri a mita na haruffa, amma a boye mita na bigrams, trigrams, da dai sauransu .. A jigon da cipher hadawa ne ga dangantaka tsakanin key da boye-boye da rubutu yi haka hadaddun kamar yadda zai yiwu. Better amfani da canzawa raka'a dama alamu na sakon haruffa, ko da yake shi take kaiwa zuwa gaskiya cewa key zama tsawon yawa.

Gina zamani cryptology matsayin kimiyya dogara ne a kan totality daga cikin hujjojin da Concepts na lissafi, kimiyyar lissafi, bayanai ka'idar , da dai sauransu .. Duk da haka, duk da ganewar da, da yawa na msar tambayar ci gaba cryptology ne yadu amfani a rayuwar yau da kullum, kamar roba cards, e-mail, banki biya tsarin, tare da gabatarwar databases, lantarki zabe tsarin, da dai sauransu ..