Denisovan. genome denisovan

Dabi'ar mutum, asalin mutum - wancan ne abin da murna mutane tun lokacin da. Akwai su da yawa iri da kuma ra'ayoyinsa. Masana kimiyya suna gudanar da bincike, kokarin samun amsoshin duk tambayoyin. Bayan karanta labarin, za ka koyi game da wani subspecies na zamanin d dadaddun mutane.

Denisovan ko denisovets zato wanzu a Soloneshensky District Altai Krai kusa da Denisova kõgon. Evidence ga wannan da aka samu a daban-daban lokaci da kuma a cikin daban-daban yadudduka daga kogon.

A lokacin, shi sami kawai biyar guda, damar magana game da denisovan. Duk da haka, wadannan waƙoƙi zuwa yanzu bai isa ya mayar da bayyanar gaba daya. Duk da haka, da, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa samu isa ya bayar da hujjar cewa ragowar mutumin daban-daban daga ragowar na Homo sapiens, kazalika da gawar wani Nearnderthal.

Denisova kogo

Wannan kogo ne mafi mashahuri archaeological tunatarwa, wanda zai iya gadara da Altai. Denisovan zauna a nan, da nisan kilomita 250 daga birnin Biisk. Kogon ne quite manyan, yankin na 270 m².

An located kusa da ƙauyuka nasa ne a kwance irin, wanda janyo hankalin manyan yawan yawon bude ido. Duk da haka, a nan ma akwai archaeologists, aiki wanda har yanzu ya kai ga sakamakon.

Bisa ga sakamakon nazarin a cikin ƙananan yadudduka daga kogon, wanda shekaru ne game da 120 shekara dubu, da na dutse kayan aikin da ado da aka samu, kazalika da burbushi na zamanin d mutum, wanda ya ma suna Denisovskoe.

Niƙaƙƙun denisovan saura

A lokacin da wanzuwar Soviet jihar uku molars da aka samu a cikin size yawa fiye da mutum hakora ne m. Bisa ga jarrabawa, su mallakar wani namiji mutum na da matasa shekaru. Har ila yau, aka samu wani ɓaɓɓake phalanx, bincike na da kashi ne da za'ayi har yanzu.

kashi phalanx baby yatsa - A wani daga baya lokacin, yana da wani kashi da aka samu a 2008.

genome denisovan

Niƙaƙƙun samu a wani phalanx denisovan an yi karatu tawagar Leipzig Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology masana kimiyya. A binciken ya nuna cewa mitochondrial DNA denisovan daban-daban daga mitochondrial DNA na Homo sapiens a 385 nucleotide. Ya kamata a lura da cewa Nearnderthal genome bambanta daga genome na Homo sapiens 202 nucleotides.

Denisovan more a hankali alaka kwatanta fiye da wani m mutum. Har ila yau, ya kamata a lura shi ne cewa su kwayoyin halittu da aka samu a cikin Melanesians, da kuma cewa ya yale mu mu yi magana game da wani taro mararraba na mutane a lokacin da Melanesians fito daga Afrika, da kuma gudun hijira zuwa kudu-maso-gabas.

zuriyar denisovan

A cewar nazarin, denisovan rabu matsayin subspecies na kimanin 400-800 shekara dubu da suka wuce. Yau, da nazari samu a Denisova kõgon, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa ba ka damar gano kwayoyin halittu da yawa a cikin zamani al'ummai. Ga misali, mafi yawan guda abubuwa samu a cikin mazaunan kasashen kudu maso gabashin Asiya da kudancin kasar Sin, duk da cewa da samu burbushi na wadannan tsoho mutane a Siberia.

An kuma gano cewa, mai suna subspecies dadaddun mutane, kazalika da yayi kama dana Neanderthal, haƙĩƙa, sun shige da Turai yawan kwayoyin halittu domin rigakafi da tsarin. Saboda gudanar da wannan binciken shi ne ma iya yin kwamfuta model nuna hijirarsa hanyar daban-daban na cikin magabatan da mutane da kuma wuraren da taronsu da denisovtsami.

Masana kimiyya a Sweden ce cewa ya sami burbushi denisovan yiwu ta hanyar kwatanta sakamakon DNA tare da DNA na wannan zamani suke.

Bayan wani kwatanta samu bayanai kamar kama denisovtsa tare da zamani mutumin, da kuma game da ashana samu a Nearnderthal da denisovtsa. Har ila yau, mun gano cewa kwayoyin halittu denisovan dauke a cikin genotypes mutane na zuwa Oceanic da kuma wadanda ba Afirka alƙarya.

Aiki a Harvard Medical School

Kamar yadda bincike ya a Harvard Medical School, denisovtsy yawa m daga zamani mutane fiye da Neandertals, ko da yake da farko aka mai da su uwan. An yi zaton cewa kwatanta da denisovtsy daidai daban-daban daga Homo sapiens. Duk da haka, da Harvard masanin kimiyya David Reich ya iya ƙaryatãwa gare shi.

Duk da haka, da masanin kimiyyar ce cewa wannan bambanci za a iya bayyana ta da cewa denisovtsy interbred tare da daban-daban na zamanin d mutane.

A ra'ayi na Jamus masanin kimiyya Iogannesa Krauze

Jamus jini Johannes Krause na Jami'ar Tübingen ɗauki cewa ya yi watsi da samu, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa a wani hali ba zai yiwu ba. Tare da abokan aiki da masanin kimiyyar karatu gene denisovan for gaban burbushi na interbreeding. Gaskiyar cewa denisovtsa samu hakora ne manya-manyan ga irin wannan zamanin da mutum. Da alama cewa ta kai tsaye m wani m irin.

Bisa ga farfesa, ya bayyana baƙuncin da hakora iya zama wani version cewa denisovtsy interbred da tsaoho versions mutane. Haka kuma, bisa ga farfesa, mafi m, an riga an sani jinsunan, kamar yadda mafi yawansu ba su karatu a kayyade matakin.

Abin da masana kimiyya ce London?

London bincike Chris Stringer na Natural History Museum a Birtaniya ya yi imanin cewa Heidelberg mutum, ya magance a Turai da kuma kasashen yammacin Asiya, shi zai iya saduwa da denisovan, wanda ya jagoranci wani taro mararraba. Shi ne kuma mai kyau wani zaɓi iya zama wani mutum erectus, kamar yadda shi ne na kowa a yankunan da yawa, kuma zai iya saduwa da denisovtsami.

Hakika, za ka iya warware wadannan rigingimu ta hanyar al'ada DNA bincike na duk wadannan jinsunan, amma wannan ba zai yiwu ba, domin suna kawai bai tsira. Mai Homininae zauna a zafi muhallin, amma saboda su rage a cikin genome ba kiyaye su, sabanin Neandertal denisovtsev da kuma wanda aka samu yawanci a harsher da sanyi yanayi.

Rawar da giciye-kiwo a dabi'ar mutum

Kamar yadda na yau, za mu riga san mai yawa jinsunan da subspecies na zamanin d mutane, wanda suke da kakanninmu. Ya kamata mu yi musu ba cewa bayan da mutum kakanninsa koma daga Afirka, suka sa su guda biyu tare da wani iri-iri wasu jinsunan. Shi ne wata ila cewa wasu ban sha'awa kwayoyin za a shigar a nan gaba.

A lokacin, mun riga san cewa akwai wani m taro mararraba, ciki har da wani tukuna ba a sani ba hominin. Kamar yawancin masana kimiyya ce wasu irin ban sha'awa ya tashi game da 700.000 shekaru da suka wuce.

Bisa nazarin, za mu iya cewa a wasu lokaci a lokacin juyin halitta mutum ne zuwa kashi da dama Lines, daya daga wanda ya jagoranci baya ga denisovan, da kuma sauran zo daga mafi kakaninmu na Homo sapiens, kuma yayi kama dana Neanderthal. Har ila yau, masana kimiyya ya gano cewa, kwatanta denisovtsy da sauran Homo sapiens wasu lokaci zauna a Altai da ketare tare da juna. Bugu da kari, mararraba faru da wasu jinsunan cewa hadu denisovtsam a daban-daban sau da a daban-daban yankuna.

Yana da wani tausayi da cewa bai tsira da DNA na sauran jinsunan tsoho mutane, in ba haka ba dangane da za a iya gano more fili. Duk da haka, da kimiyyar zamani mutum ba tsaya har yanzu, kuma watakila nan da nan za mu koyi wani abu sabon game da mu asalin.