Da gudu daga cikin Duniya a kusa da rana. Mene ne mita na juyin juya halin na Duniya a kusa da Sun?

M da sihiri duniyar ilmin taurari a zamanin da ja hankalin mutane. Mutane tãyar da kawunansu zuwa taurarin sama, da kuma tambayi madawwami tambaya dalilin da ya sa taurari canza matsayin su, me ya sa, dare da rana, me ya sa wani wuri howling Blizzard, amma wani wuri a cikin jeji, da 50 ...

Movement of taurari da kalandarku

Mafi yawa daga cikin taurari da hasken rana tsarin akwai doguwar kewaye da shi. A lokaci guda sun yi jũya a kusa da rana. Wasu yin shi da sauri da hanzari, yayin da wasu - sannu a hankali da kuma rantsuwarsu. Duniya ne ba togiya, shi ne kullum motsi a cikin sarari. Ko a zamanin da mutane su san haddasawa da kuma tsarin ba da wannan yunkuri mun lura wasu na kowa juna da kuma ya fara yin kalandarku. Ko sa'an nan, Adam ya sha'awar wannan tambaya na abin da gudu na Duniya a kusa da rana.

A rana ta fito a lõkacin hũdõwar rãnã

Movement na Duniya a kusa da axis - a nazarin sasannin yini. A cikakken izinin na duniya a kan ellipsoidal madawwama biyu a duniya - shi ne kalanda shekara.

Idan ka tsaya a kan Arewa iyakacin duniya da kuma kirkiran axis ta cikin Duniya da Kudu iyakacin duniya, shi dai itace cewa wannan duniya tamu ne a tashin daga yamma zuwa gabas. Ka tuna da baya a "Lay" ya furta cewa, "da rana ta fito a lokacin asuba?" Gabas ko da yaushe ya gana da rana ta haskoki da yamma. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa Sabuwar Shekara a Far East zo a baya fiye da a Moscow.

A daidai wannan lokaci, masana kimiyya sun ƙaddara cewa maki biyu kawai a kan wannan duniya tamu ne cikin wani a tsaye matsayin dangi da madauwari motsi. Wannan shi ne Arewa da Kudu zura sandunan ɗaukarsa.

crazy gudun

Duk da sauran wurare a duniya ne a tutur motsi. Mene ne gudun Duniya ta juyawa a kusa da rana? A ekweita, shi ne mafi girman, kai 1670 kilomita awa. Kusa da tsakiyar latitudes, misali a Italiya, sun riga muhimmanci ƙananan gudun - 1200 km awa. Kuma da kusa da sandunan, don haka shi ne kasa da kasa.

Duniya orbital lokaci a kusa da axis daidai to 24 hours. To, ka ce masana kimiyya. Mun kira shi sauki - rana.

Kuma gudun da abin da Earth rotates a kusa da Sun?

350 sau sauri fiye da a tseren mota

Bugu da kari ga juyawa game da axis, da Duniya ma sa wani elliptical motsi a kusa da star kira da rana. Yadda azumi da Earth rotates a kusa da Sun? Masana kimiyya sun riga ya kirga adadi yin amfani da hadaddun dabarbari da lissafin. Duniya ta juyawa gudun kewaye da rana ne 107 kilomita dubu a kowace awa.

Yana da wuya a ko da kokarin kwatanta wadannan hauka, unrealistic Figures. Alal misali, har ma da mafi gudun racing mota - tazarar kilomita 300 a kowace awa - 356 sau hankali fiye da gudun duniya a falaki.

Muna tunanin cewa shi ne da rana yakan kuma ta fito, cewa Earth ne na kullum, kuma haske da ke sa a da'irar a cikin sama. Na dogon lokaci, bil'adama da aka yi tunani don haka sai masana kimiyya sun tabbatar da cewa duk abin da yake akasin. Yau, ko da an makaranta sanin abin da ke faruwa a duniya, duniyar tamu sannu a hankali da kuma rantsuwarsu motsi a kusa da Sun, kuma ba sabanin haka ba. Auku Duniya a kusa da Sun, kuma ba kamar yadda a baya tunani zamanin d mutane.

Saboda haka, za mu gano cewa, da gudun juyawar duniya a kusa da axis da Sun ne bi da bi 1.670 kilomita awa (a ekweita) da kuma 107 kilomita dubu a kowace awa, bi da bi. Wow, muna tashi!

Solar da sidereal shekara

Cikakken da'ira, ko kuma wajen elliptical m dimbin yawa duniyarmu ke kusa da Sun cikin 356 kwanaki 5:00 48 minti 46 seconds. Wadannan alkaluma Masana ilmin kira "astrological shekara." Saboda haka, tambaya "Mene ne mita na juyin juya halin na Duniya a kusa da rãnã?" mu amsa kawai da abubuwan da: "Shekara". Wannan adadi ya zauna canzawa, amma saboda wasu dalilai kowane shekaru hudu muna da wani tsalle shekara auku, a cikin abin da guda daga yini more.

Kamar ilmin Taurari sun dogon amince da cewa karin 5 tare da "dinari" ba a dauke sa'o'i a kowace shekara, kuma yawan zaba astronomical shekara, mahara kwanaki. Saboda haka, shekara ne 365 days. Amma cewa a kan lokaci bai yi ba ya faru gazawar da na halitta rhythms bai motsa a lokacin, kowane shekaru hudu, kalanda bayyana daya kawai karin rana a watan Fabrairu. Wadannan chetvertsutok for 4 shekaru, "za" a cikin wani cikakken rana - kuma mun lura da wani tsalle shekara. Saboda haka, amsa tambaya daga abin da yake da mita na Duniya ta juyin juya halin a kusa da rana, a amince cewa shekara guda.

akwai manufar "hasken rana shekara" da "gagarumi (sidereal) a shekara" a cikin ilimi duniya. Bambanci tsakanin su ne game da minti 20 da ya zo daga gaskiyar cewa wannan duniya tamu ne sauri sa ta kewayewa fiye da hasken rana ya koma zuwa ga wuri, wanda ilmin Taurari sun ƙaddara su ƙaddarawa, batu na vernal equinox. Mun riga san gudun Duniya ta juyawa a kusa da rãnã da duniya cike orbital lokaci a kusa da Sun ne daidai da 1 shekara.

Kwanaki da shekaru a kan sauran taurari

A cikin tara da taurari da hasken rana tsarin - ta "manufar" na gudun cewa wadannan kwanaki da cewa yana da astronomical shekara.

Planet Venus, misali, an nannade a kusa da kanta 243 Duniya kwanaki. Tunanin irin ta iya zama kawai a lokacin da rana daya? Kuma kamar yadda na dare yana!

Amma Jupiter ne m. Wannan duniyar tamu kadi game da wani axis tare da giant gudu da kuma lokacin da za a yi a juyawa na 360 digiri na 9,92 hours.

A kudi na nassi na Duniya a sarari suKe kewaye da rana ne wani shekara (kwanaki 365), amma Mercury - 58,6 Duniya kwanaki. Mars, da duniyar da ya fi kusa da Earth, a rana yana da kusan guda kamar yadda a duniya - 24 da rabi hours, amma shekara ne kusan sau biyu, kamar dogon - 687 days.

Mu'amala da Earth a kusa da rana ne 365 days. Kuma yanzu bari ninka wannan adadi da 247,7 da kuma samun shekara guda a duniya Pluto. Mun wuce Millennium, kuma mafi nisa duniya a cikin hasken rana tsarin - kawai shekaru hudu.

Waɗannan su ne dabi'u na paradoxical da tsoratarwa a cikin sikelin Figures.

m ellipse

Don fahimtar me ya sa a Duniya lokaci zuwa lokaci canza yanayi, me ya sa mu, a tsakiyar rariya, zafi a lokacin rani, da kuma sanyi, a hunturu, shi ne muhimmanci ba kawai don amsa tambaya game da gudun da abin da Earth rotates a kusa da rana, da wanda hanya. Dole ne ka kuma fahimci yadda ta yi aikin.

Kuma shi ya aikata haka ba a cikin da'irar amma wani ellipse. Idan Sun su kusantar da Duniya ta kewayewa, mun ga cewa shi ne mafi kusa ga luminary shi ne a watan Janairu, kuma mafi sau da yawa - a watan Yuli. Mafi kusa batu matsayi na Duniya a wani sarari suKe kira perihelion, kuma mafi nisa - aphelion.

Tun lokacin da duniya ta axis ne ba a mike matsayi, da kuma tilted a kamar 23,4 darajõji, kuma tare da girmamawa ga ellipsoidal kewayewa karkata kwana ƙaruwa zuwa 66,3 digiri, shi dai itace cewa a wurare mabambanta The Earth musanya Sun daban-daban bangarorin.

Saboda da son yi na kewayewa da Duniya ya jũya zuwa ga luminary daban-daban hemispheres, Saboda haka da canji na weather. Lokacin da sautin fushi a Arewa Hemisphere hunturu, Southern blooms zafi rani. Za a gudanar na tsawon watanni shida - kuma wannan zai canza kishiyar daidai.

Cool, duniya duniya!

Kuma rãnã a kusa da wani abu rotates? Hakika, a! A sarari, akwai cikakken tsit abubuwa. Duk da taurari da kuma duk da tauraron dan adam, comets da asteroids suna kadi kamar clockwork. Hakika, da daban-daban basamaniyai da juyawa gudun ne daban-daban, da kuma kwana na son na axis, amma har yanzu su ne ko da yaushe a motsi. Kuma rãnã, wanda shine star, ba togiya.

The hasken rana tsarin ba m kewaye sarari. Yana da wani ɓangare na wata babbar karkace galaxy kira da Milky Way. Yana, bi da bi, ya hada kamar yadda da yawa kamar yadda wani biliyan 200 taurari. A rana ta motsa a cikin da'irar game da cibiyar da galaxy. Sun rotational gudun kusa da axis kuma Milky hanyar kimiyya kuma lasafta ta yin amfani da dogon lokacin da lura da kuma ilmin lissafi dabarbari.

Yau, irin bayanan suna samuwa. Its cikakken sake zagayowar na madauwari motsi a kusa da Milky Way, rana wuce for 226 shekaru miliyan. A ilmin taurari, wannan adadi ne da ake kira "galactic shekara". A wannan yanayin, idan muka kwatanta da surface daga cikin jirgin sama na galaxy, sa'an nan mu star sa kananan hawa da sauka, sama da kasa, bayyana alternately a Arewa, a kudancin yammancin duniya na Milky Way. A mita na wadannan oscillations ne 30-35 shekaru miliyan.

Masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa da rana a lokacin da wanzuwar Galaxy gudanar da su sa 30 cikakken juyin kusa da Milky Way. Wannan hanyar, da rãnã da rai kawai da shekaru 30 na galactic. Duk da haka dai, sai ka ce: masana kimiyya.

Mai masana kimiyya yi imani da cewa rayuwa a duniya sun samo asali 252 da miliyan da suka wuce. Saboda haka, ana iya bayar da hujjar cewa na farko rayayyun kwayoyin halitta suka bayyana a duniya, sa'ad da rana ta yin ya 29th madawwama biyu a kusa da Milky Way, wato, a kan 29th shekara ta galactic rayuwa.

Cikin jiki da kuma gas motsi a daban-daban gudu

Mun koya da yawa ban sha'awa facts. Nuna alama daga cikin Duniya gudu a kusa da Sun, mun riga sani, gano abin da astronomical da galactic shekara, gudun da wanda matsawa tare falakinsu da Duniya da kuma Sun, kuma a yanzu zai ƙayyade yadda azumi da rana ta juya da axis.

Gaskiyar cewa rana revolves, ya lura da tsoho malamai. Yana daga lokaci zuwa lokaci ta bayyana, sa'an nan kuma ya bace kamar stains, sa shi yiwuwa a kammala da cewa shi rotates a kusa da wani axis. Amma shi ke yadda azumi? Masana kimiyya, da ciwon mafi zamani bincike hanyoyin, na dogon lokaci jayayya game da shi.

Bayan duk, mu star yana da matukar hadaddun abun da ke ciki. Jikinsa - m-ruwa. Ciki akwai wani m core a kusa da wani zafi ruwa alkyabba. Sama da shi - m ɓawon burodi. Bugu da kari to duk wannan da rana ta surface ne tana tattare a cikin wani zafi gas, wanda glows kwari. Wannan shi ne wani nauyi gas, wanda ya kunshi gaske na hydrogen.

Saboda haka, jikin Sun kanta rotates sannu a hankali, da kuma kona gas - sauri.

25 kwana a '22

A matsanancin harsashi rãnã da ke sa cikakken juyawa a kusa da axis for 27 da rabi kwanaki. Masana ilmin sun iya sanin ko, lura sunspots. Amma wannan talakawan. Alal misali, rana spots a kan ekweita juya da sauri da kuma sa juyawa game da axis 25 days. A tabo na sandunan aka koma tare da gudun 31 to 36 kwana.

The sosai guda jiki na juyin juya halin a kusa da star axis sa ga 22,14 shekaru. A general, shẽkara ɗari, rayuwa a duniya za ta juya da axis na rana kawai hudu da rabi sau.

Me ake masana kimiyya haka daidai koyi gudun juyawa na mu star?

Saboda shi ya ba amsoshin tambayoyi da yawa na juyin halitta. Bayan duk, da star Sun ne tushen rai na dukan abubuwa masu rai a duniya. Shi ne saboda hasken rana flares, bisa ga yawa masu bincike, rai (252 shekaru miliyan da suka wuce) ya bayyana a duniya. Kuma shi ne saboda hali na Sun cikin zamanin da kashe dinosaur da sauran dabbobi masu rarrafe.

Sveti mana haske rana!

Mutane suna kullum tambaya game da, ba ko da rana za cinya ta samar da makamashi, idan ta fita? Hakika, an fada kashe - a duniya babu wani abu har abada. Kuma ga irin wannan m taurari da lokaci na haihuwa, aiki da kuma lalata. Amma idan dai da rana ne a tsakiyar juyin sake zagayowar da makamashi ta isa. Af, a farkon wannan star shi ya kasa mai haske. Masana ilmin sun ƙaddara cewa a cikin sosai farkon matakai na raya kasa na Sun haske ya kasance kashi 70 cikin dari ƙananan fiye da shi ne a yanzu.