Common Nase: description, salon, photo

Da zarar Common Nase ya fairly wakilin yawa daga cikin irin kifi iyali, da kuma a wasu yankuna ko da kunshe a cikin jerin kasuwanci kifi. Yau, shi ne musamman rare kuma kusan miyagun.

description

A size Podust kamata a classified a matsayin wani kananan kifi. Yawanci, ta tsawon ba fiye da 30 cm, da kuma nauyi - 400 g, amma a na kwarai lokuta da ake samu a mutane na 1.5 kg. Jikin elongate, an rufe shi da manyan, tam gwada tufafi ma'auni. Belly da sãshinansu da bãyayyakinsu haske azurfa launi da kifi, da kuma a baya tsaye a waje domin ta kore duhu. Kama hankali m fins, da wutsiya yana da baki iyakar kan saman da kasa gefuna. A lokacin spawning, maza saya da wani haske launi - a cikin sasanninta na bakin, a kusa da pectoral fins bayyana orange aibobi. Tare da dukan jiki (daga ido da wutsiya) a kan sasanninta, runs a baki band, da kuma a kan Sikeli bayyana kamar kananan specks na launi. A kai suna kafa yawa epithelial tubercles.

Its sunan undermouth samu ga m matsayi na bakin. Shi ne karkashin gristly kula jutting hanci, kuma yana da nau'i na mai gangara arcuate tsaguwa. Pharyngeal hakora ne manyan, single-jere. A kan ƙananan muƙamuƙi yana da wani nuna Kakakin cheholchik.

Rayuwa Hasashen ne wani talakawan na 8-10 shekaru, da kuma sun fi mayar dogara a kan yanayi a karkashin abin da Common Nase zaune.

taxonomy

Wannan nau'in nasa ne da irin kifi iyali, umarni carps kungiyar na ray-finned kifi. A cikin 'yan shekaru, ta lambobin rage muhimmanci. Na data kasance 18 nau'i undermouth talakawa - ya fi na kowa.

Mazauninsu da kuma rarraba

Wannan kifi fi son a matsakaici hanya da kuma bã Ya son tsaye ruwa. Saboda haka, mafi m zaune a cikin zurfin kõguna inda kasa ne m, m, tare da manyan magudi, kauce wa yankunan da m kwarara. Podust - kasa kifi, kiyaye kusan a sosai kasa, kusan taɓa shi da ya ciki. Musamman m na wurin inda da yawa daga kura idon snags kuma m tarkace.

An samu a kusan dukkan manyan Turai koguna. Shi ne ya fi kowa a Jamus da kuma Switzerland. A Rasha, ya na zaune a cikin koguna daruna na Baltic, Arewa da kuma Black Tekuna. A cikin manya kai na cikin Kama ne quite na kowa Common Nase. A Belarus, ta fuska aka iyakance zuwa kogin kwari da kasashen yammacin Bug da Pripyat.

hanyar rayuwa

Wannan kifi suranta yawa garkunan kunshi dubun ko ma daruruwan kamar daidai-sized mutane. Podust unpretentious da sosai tawakkali, yin shi da sauki ganima ga anglers. Kifi ne mai tsananin kyau blur, za ka iya sau da yawa ganin su a matsayin suka iyo kusan zuwa ƙafa na bathers mutane. A tashe shi daga kasa daga cikin laka da yashi suna neman kwari larvae. Kifi sau da yawa zo da surface (narke) a watan Mayu da Yuni, lokacin da akwai wani taro jirgin na bloodworms. Saboda da musamman tsari na bakin undermouth tilasta abinci bisa saitin daga ruwa surface yi, da nuna haske ciki. Wannan ya sa shi da sauki bambanta da narkewa daga cikin kifi daga wasu.

Common Nase - kifi manyan kullum salon. A rana weather, za ka iya ganin kyau a tsaye a kasa na dogon layin da garkunan tumaki. Su ne wani lokacin sosai yawa. A dare, kifi da ke shiga zurfin ko kusa zuwa ga tudu, ya kange a cikin bushes, wanda sau da dama a cikin kama kifi kwandon da kuma basting.

Undermouth sosai m lalacewa na ruwa. Amma a mai guba watsi daga riparian shuke-shuke da birgima da shi ba ya tafi, kamar yadda aka yi, misali, minnows, kuma boyewa bayan da duwatsu. A sakamakon haka, kusan a kowace bazara, za ka iya ganin yadda kogi a manyan lambobin iyo undermouth rabin matattu, yana jan tafi da cara da Angulaye.

abinci

Common Nase, wani photo na wanda aka sake bugawa a wannan labarin, kamar yadda kullum kifi ciyarwa, yafi a kan filamentous algae da detritus. Ya tattara su da duwatsu, driftwood tara, kunã mãsu alfãhari scouring bakinsa. An haddasa babban lahani ga spring undermouth sauran kifi cin su hadu qwai, scraping shi tare da karkashin ruwa abubuwa. Sashe na daga cikin abinci a cikin wannan lokaci ne kamar yadda dung kuma earthworm. Amma da farkon lokacin rani da shi ya zama herbivorous kifi Common Nase - ya abinci kunshi gaba ɗaya na kogin ciyayi.

haifuwa

Balaga da wadannan kifaye isa 3-5 shekara, a lokacin da su jiki tsawon zama ba kasa da 18 cm. Undermouth Caviar kayansa mãsu a kan manyan duwatsu, tara. Ci gaba a wannan lokaci ba fiye da kwanaki uku. A qwai ne manyan, whitish launi, su adadin ne daga 1.5 zuwa 12 dubu guda. Wasu lokaci undermouth har yanzu rike kusa da spawning filaye. A wannan lokaci, shi Ciyarwar ba kawai ciyayi, amma kuma caviar sauran spawning daga baya, kifi: Chub, gudgeon, roach. Wani lokaci ba ƙyãma, kuma nasa.

Bayan makonni 2 da larvae bayyana a cikin haske. Suna zaune watanni biyu a cikin ruwa, ciyar a kan plankton da kuma zama soya, matsa zuwa kasa salon cewa yawanci take kaiwa Common Nase.

Sake bugun shi zai fara a watan Afrilu, amma da ta faru wani lokacin a baya kwanan wata, shi ya dogara da ruwa zazzabi - shi ya zama dumi akalla har 8-10⁰S. Toya bayyana, a lokacin da ta riga dumi isa, kuma ku ciyar da dukan bazara a cikin shallows da Shoals tare da mai rauni halin yanzu. A cikin irin wannan wurare yawanci girma isasshen ciyawa (ruwa Pine Shelkovnikov da t. D.), Saboda abin da kifi girma quite da sauri. A watan Satumba, da juveniles koma zurfi wurare. Don da shekaru shekara guda Podust nauyi ne game da 60 g to fada shi riga ya kai nauyi 150-200 g

wintering

A cikin kaka, tare da farko na sanyi weather, undermouth settles wani zaman lafiya da shiru wuri. Rashin shuka abinci tilasta shi da ya nemi a laka Layer asu. A watan Oktoba na gudãna da karfi igiyoyin da Shoals ya kusan ba ya faruwa. Babban wuri da suke ciyarwa da hunturu Common Nase, suna zurfin rami. A cikinsu, yana boyewa daga watan Nuwamba, lokacin da waɗansu kõguna fara zuwa daskare, kuma har da spring.

tattalin arziki muhimmanci

Undermouth kasuwanci darajar yana ba. Dalilin shi ne, ba da jimawa ba shi kusan ba ya faruwa a manyan lambobin. Bugu da kari, kasa da salon da kuma wuraren kiwon wuya kama. Mafi sau da yawa undermouth zama ganima ga anglers dauke da makamai mai sauki kama kifi sanda. A muzzle da kuma sauran irin wannan na'urorin shi ba musamman m. Amma koto da aka kama tare da wata wahala ba. Bit wanzu tsakanin masunta kwararru irin wannan cewa kama Podust poods. Cizon na kifi na bukatar sauri da suka kai samame, kuma shi ne quite karfi da kuma sau da yawa karya saukar. Har ila yau yana bukatar mai kyau ciyar a cikin manyan yawa.

Podust dadi nama, rage cin abinci, yana da daban-daban amfani Properties. Cooking shi ya zama nan da nan bayan kamawa da kifi, t. Don. Yana da ikon hanzari deteriorate.

matakan tsaro

Rare jinsunan, wanda yawan ta kwanan nan rage musamman, shi ne Common Nase. Red littafin da yawa a cikin kasashen Turai sun hada da shi a cikin jerin miyagun kifi. Babban dalilin rage yawan wannan irin - da ƙazantar koguna da magungunan kashe qwari, iyali da kuma masana'antu najasa. Common Nase - kifi da za su iya tsira kawai a sosai ruwa mai tsabta. Saboda haka, yana taimaka wa adana daga cikin kogin gado tsaftacewa, hana siltation na spawning filaye, wucin gadi rearing, ya bi shi a dakatar da ruwan.