Ciyar a Rasha - shi ne ... ciyar da tsarin a zamanin d Rasha

A jihar tsarin na zamanin d Rasha da a cikin biyayya ga wani musamman ma'aikata, wanda aka gina a kan wani tsarin na gida gwamnati. Wannan tsarin da aka halitta kamar wancan zuwa Yammacin Turai fief-ofishin - administrative, nada ofishin a lardin. Manufa "a kan tabo" zo "daga sama", da musamman domin sarki ko yarima. Ciyar a Rasha - shi ne wani analogue na fief-ofis, a cikin abin da maimakon kudi, gwamnati na bayar da wasu nau'i na albashin domin sabis.

} ananan hukumomi,

A takamaiman lokaci na Rasha jihar shirya gida gwamnati karkashin jagorancin volosteley kuma daban-daban gwamnonin aiko daga babban birnin kasar ta musamman doka. Biya na aikin da za'ayi a cikin filin, ko da yake wani nuni da adadin da albashin da aka bayar a cikin saba fadar sarki. ciyar da tsarin a zamanin d Rasha ya nuna cewa wucin gadi wakilan sarauta da iko za a kiyaye a kudi na} ananan hukumomi. Tare da kudi allowances da aka ba su abinci, da dawakai, bayin da kuma jamiái a kan abun ciki. Ciyar a zamanin d Rasha ne da farko a real yiwuwar wani mutum a cikin jama'a da sabis, don taimaka wa rãyukansu da iyãlansu, ta amfani kawai da hukuma iko da hakkin kãwo wa sarkin, kuma daga baya - da kuma sarauta da iko .

zama gwamna

The m gaban gwamnoni a farko County-matakin biranen da aka ba da ake bukata, amma wani lokacin da abun ciki da aka haka m cewa sannu a hankali gwamnonin nuna girmama mazauninsa a wuri a matsayin m sabis. Haka kuma, ya karu da su rayuwa a cikin sabis na yarima - kuma haka ya karu da kuma ciyar da. A zamanin d Rus 'shi ta aiki samu m ba kawai na gida mutane, amma kuma kasashen waje. Wakilai daga cikin matasa danginsu da aka sani Turai sunayen ba ta kasance abar tsõro gwamnonin a Rasha - wannan sana'a yarda su koma gida quite wani arziki mutum.

Rasha Moscow

A sau na Muscovy tsarin na gida gwamnati ne har yanzu kiyaye a cikin viceroyalty. Kamar yadda gaban mahukunta da volostiteli zubar a ƙasa, suka wadãtu da adalci da kuma tattara haraji. Ciyar a Moscow Rasha kira da abun ciki na irin ziyartar servicemen. Place Halĩfa sabis yawanci located in tsakiyar County. Ga ya gyara kotu da kuma majalisa a kan duk administrative al'amura a cikin birnin da kuma karkata, da kuma gudanar da kotu don laifi al'amura a cikin kananan kananan hukumomi, wanda ya haka arziki Rasha jihar. County iyaka da nauyin da gwamnan kasance da sojoji, arsenal kuma yana kokarin muhimmanci abubuwa - gadoji, dams, da sauransu.

gwamnonin

Gwamnonin da aka zaba yawanci da wakilan sanannun sunaye ne, sau da yawa da post da aka shige daga uba zuwa ga dansa. Alal misali, an san a HALITTAR Protasevyh namestnichestvoval Meshersky baki kusan ƙarni biyu - daga farkon 15 don kawo karshen 16 zamanai. Wannan daraja iyali, tare da sunayen wasu gwamnoni, da aka sani a Rasha a jerin shahararren jama'a Figures, da sarki, ta sahabbai. Dukan waɗannan lakabi na girmamawa ba zai yiwu ba tare da wani karfi raya abu, mafi yawan abin da suka arziki na ƙonawa da hukumomin yankin. Saboda haka, ciyar a Rasha kira quite mai kyau matsayi da inexhaustible kafofin samun kudin shiga, wanda zai iya tabbatar da wani dadi rayuwa ga ƙarni da dama.

Volostiteli

Volostiteli gudanar kotu da kuma majalisa ko da kuwa mai mulki, a cikin su biyayya kasance raba gundumomi, amma jerin ƙarƙashin lokuta sãɓã wajũna. Yawancin lokaci suna dismantled qananan laifuffuka, kasuwanci da rigingimu, dauke administrative laifukan. Ba kamar gwamnoni, volostitelyami akwai wakilai neimenitogo nobility ko matalauta gentry. Early a cikin aiki tarihin rayuwa suna cike da posts volostiteley tiuns, clerks, clerks, 'yan sanda clerks. Wancan ne zamantakewa matakin da yawa a ƙananan fiye da na gwamnoni. Duk da haka ciyar a zamanin d Rasha ba kawai taimake su jimre da matsalar da masauki, amma kuma damar kyau zuwa azurta kansu a kudi na} ananan hukumomi.

Yawanci aiki a gida gwamnatin da aka gani a matsayin mai matsayi cewa ba ka damar da mai kyau samun kudin shiga. Ciyar a Rasha - shi ne tushen m enrichment na da yawa manya, wanda shi ne ba sosai okin ya cika su kai tsaye aikinsu. A maimakon haka, su shiryuwa kansu ga wurin bayinsa - tiuns da finishers. Sun kuma mika ciyar. A Rasha, wannan aiki ya kasance haka m cewa matsayi na Chiune dauka ɗauka da sauƙi ba cin hanci. Tiuna da hakkin ya tafiyad da adalci da kuma magance al'amarin a kan madadin Gwamnan, a gaskiya suna kai tsaye da za'ayi da aikinsu da kuma yana da kyau ware Naira Miliyan Xari da wannan.

Kudaden shiga daga ciyar

List of kudaden shiga daga ciyar kunshi dama sassa. A wasu sulusi da murabba'i na ciyar faruwa a ƙasa da kudi, amma mafi yawa ciyar a Rasha - wannan shi ne damfarar halitta kayayyakin. Za a ciyar biyu ko sau uku a shekara, a kan babban coci holidays - Easter, St. Bitrus Day, Kirsimeti. An kuma san ciyar tuki - da suka saba gana da sabon gwamnan gundumar. Aka tattara ta kaddamarda mutane wanda suna yawanci zaba daga cikin yan unguwa. Su nada mukamai constables da kuma lura. Yawancin wadannan jami'ai, ban da tarin ciyar, tattara haraji a ƙasa, kuma ya tilasta wa mazauna yankunan don gudanar da wani daban-daban da aikinsu.

Kau ciyar

A farkon ta ci gaba, Rasha Jihar kunshi kananan ikoki, da girma da suke kananan, da kuma shari'a da administrative ayyuka da hukumomin yankin ne duk a bayyana gani. Wani karfi sun zamanin d dokokin da kwastan, da kuma talakawa mutane ko da yaushe aka iya koka game da arbitrariness na yarima a kan bayinsa, ko canza wurin zama, ya tashi ya tafi daga wani m m zuwa wani sarauta. Amma lokacin da daukana ƙasashe kewaye da Moscow an kusan kammala, ya ƙasaita karkashin shugabancin tsakiya ikon, talakawa mutane da wuya sau. Just to, akwai wani maganarsu: "Don Allah Maɗaukaki, da Sarkin bãya." Gwamnan tsarin ya kusan daina yi da aikinsu, cewa ta wakilan da yin for ciyar. A Rasha, manufar da sauri ya zama fadan da cin hanci da rashawa da kuma} wace. Sikelin da cin hanci da rashawa sun riƙi wannan girma da cewa, gwamnatin tsakiya zuwa tunani da kyau game garambawul na gida kai gwamnati.

Organization of gida kai gwamnati ya yiwu godiya ga garambawul Ivana Groznogo. Daya daga cikin babban saukarwa ya canja wuri na wani ya fi girma yawan ikon zuwa lardin Office. A hankali volostiteli da kuma gwamnonin sun bace, tare da su daina aiki da kuma ciyar tsarin.