Birtaniya Labour Party. The shugabannin jam'iyyar, akidar

A zaben na Birtaniya Labour Party ne ba kawai rinjayarwa nasara, wannan sake tabbatar da daidai aiki da kwanciyar hankali na biyu-ƙungiya tsarin. Dokokin kuma ya gyara aikinsa, gudanar a baya ya nuna cewa, mai iko jam'iyyar siyasa a matsayin mai kyau selection na Turanci. History of Great Britain nuna wani zamani model na gwamnatin, kafa a cikin karni na karshe, a lokacin da iko a baya ya ba hanya zuwa matasa na jam'iyyar Liberal Party Labor. Amma a kowane lokaci, Birtaniya da gaske mulki Conservatives.

Antikonservativnaya jam'iyyar

Don cikakken bayyana kansu Labor iya kawai a lokacin da yakin duniya na ƙare tare da isowa da wani karfi mai haske shugaban - Attlee. A twenties, da Labour Party of Great Britain ayyana kanta sosai, sau biyu a kafa gwamnatin da Robert McDonald da jagorantar kungiyar.

Shi ne a cikin twenties sun wata ƙungiya ƙarfi da karfi, wanda bai da damar da Labour Party da kuma a cikin wadannan shekaru, na gangami rashin riga tsiwirwirinsu matsayi na farko, kuma farkon antikonservativnoy jam'iyyar da mai kauri niyyar kare bukatun al'umma da jagorantar kungiyar.

kasa da bukatun

Birtaniya Labour Party na da karfi gubar, kuma ko da yake m wakilan jam'iyyar kokarin su yi tsayayya, Labourism fifiko an neman zama ba kawai wani iko motsi, amma jam'iyya mai mulki. Akwai wani lokacin da Labor sun kasance a 'yan adawa - daga 1924 har zuwa 1929, lokacin da su da farko majalisar fadi. A wannan lokaci, ba mu kafa da kuma ka'idojin da cewa wannan rana ba kare Labor kungiyar da kuma na kasa da bukatun.

Shi ne a cikin marigayi twenties ƙare babban canji na duka jam'iyyar siyasa tsarin, saboda haka, na dindindin da kuma istinbadi sha'awa a cikin wannan lokaci na kasancewar jam'iyyar ne manya-manyan, domin a cikin wannan gajeren lokaci, za ka iya gano juyin halittar siyasa ideas, wanda har yanzu wa'azi da Birtaniya Labour Party.

Kuma msar tambayar analysis software shigarwa

Ga cikakken watsuwar taken labarin dole ne ka yi nazarin duk da halaye na kungiya da kuma siyasa ci gaba, wanda ya halartar wata ƙungiya tãna a cikin biyu da rabi na twenties, da ka'idodin da aiki tare da masu jefa} uri'a, jam'iyyar da kuma bayar da shawarwari, kazalika don nazarin msar tambayar lokaci na shirin na aikin cikin 'yan adawa.

A karshen karni na ashirin da kafa kasa jam'iyyun a jihohi da dama. Birtaniya Labour Party iya zama abin koyi ga nazarin aiwatar da samuwar 'yan adawa, hagu-reshe jam'iyyar da mulkin demokra] iyya da tsarin siyasa, tun da batun sabon jam'iyyun a kasashe daban-daban ne mai muhimmanci.

A 'yan adawa,

Yawancin lokaci dauke da lokaci da mafi girma da aiki na al'umma, da kuma tsawon maturation jam'iyyar ideas ba su samu isasshen na karatu da kuma lighting a historiography. Bari mu yi kokarin gyara wannan tsallake, kamar yadda kwarewa na zama daya daga cikin manyan jam'iyyun a kasar ba kawai ban sha'awa a matsayin tarihi na Birtaniya.

Bayan shekara ta 1929, da kasancewa a kwalkwali, to magance rikicin a shekarar 1931 da Labour Party kawai soma cewa ya tara a cikin m lokaci a 'yan adawa. Da yake a cikin inuwa, da Labour Party bai zama idly ta yayin da wasu jam'iyyun siyasa na Burtaniya mulki: da suka shafe ta da ciki matsaloli, ɓullo da wani dabarun domin nan gaba manufofin, koya darussa daga cikin 'yan baya, kuma ta nan gaba da tsare-tsaren.

zanga-zangar da jam'iyyar

Kada ɗauka cewa samuwar na farko Labor gwamnati a 1924 a amince a kan hanya duk cikas da lashe zaben a shekara ta 1929 da aka qaddara. Eh, Birtaniya Labour Party ta lashe da rinjaye a majalisa, amma shi ya ba da sakamakon na baya auna daidai - Conservative hukuma ko wasu mãsu haƙuri nasara shar'anta a baya zaben.

Lalle ne, Conservatives ba sadu da tsammanin na mutane, amma ma'aikata sun kasance a lokacin kawai da zanga-zanga jam'iyyar, wanda yake aukan mutane zai nuna juyayi, amma dõgara - ne mai wuya. A farko gwajin da ikon sa up duk da maki sama da Labor a fili ba shi da isasshen lokaci ga tsanani tunani game da halin da ake ciki da kuma search for ta rawa a cikinsa. Saboda haka, a lokacin da a kwantar da hankula ya kyau ga jam'iyyar.

Social Democrats a kan sassaucin ra'ayi, da Conservatives

History of Great Britain bai san ko wannan gwajin ƙarfi ne, wanda ya auku a cikin tsaro na Labor gurguzu yarda dasu kan backdrop na fadada tushe na siyasa bakan. Gurguzanci tun karni na sha tara ya fara yada a kasashen da dama, amma ba da zarar ya ya iya tsayawa a jere, a kan wannan mataki inda daga zamanin d tsaye Conservatives da kuma Musulmai masu sassaucin ra'ayi.

Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban na kafa gurguzu akida, sau da yawa - kamar yadda a Jamus ko Rasha - by juyin juya hali, yaki da jini. The Labour Party a kasar Birtaniya lashe ba tare da zubar da jini, ba tare da wani tunkaro organically shige zuwa cikin tsarin dimokuradiyya cewa wanzu a kasar. Ta kasance wani kadan yi na gwamnati, da kuma yanzu da begen sake da kuma ƙarfafa nasarar ya zama musamman m. Kamar yadda irin wannan, da sabon sautin kuma sababbin dabaru don gabatarwa da gurguzu views.

kishiyoyinsu

Sauran jam'iyyun siyasa a Birtaniya ya daina ba za to. Kasãla Liberal Party ba zato ba tsammani samu matukar hatsari ga Labor shugaban - David Lloyd George, wanda ya yi kokarin nuna wa kasar da yiwuwar m, ta sha bamban daga hukuncin ra'ayin mazan jiya da manufofin da nufin ci gaban da kasar tare da aiwatar da sosai tsanani, kuma m sake fasalin. Yana miƙa jam'iyyar, nisa daga gurguzu Outlook.

Birtaniya Labour Party an halitta daidai da irin wannan gwagwarmaya, don haka nasara. Amma, mafi m, da Musulmai masu sassaucin ra'ayi kawai kadan latti: kafin a karo zai zama m ga Labour Party, amma yanzu sun yi amfani da lull da jari daga siyasa. An kimantawa da kuma sake kimantawa da yanayin da jam'iyyar a cikin sabon, halin ya canja yanayi, Outlook ƙarfafa, wayar da kan jama'a a raga samu da kuma gano sabon ya riga ya faru.

Tarihi na halitta

Birtaniya ta Labour Party da aka kafa a matsayin aiki kwamitin zartarwa a 1900. Farko a cikin sahu sun kasance mafi yawa ma'aikata da gudanar da su ci gaba da tafarki mai kyau na gurguzu gyãrãwa. A shekarar 1906 da sunan da aka tabbatar da: da Labour Party of Great Britain. Ta ya iya bayyana saboda proletariat ya aiki, ya kuma nemi siyasa rawa a gwamnati.

A lokacin farko World jagorancin jam'iyyar ta a lokaci guda tare da gwamnatin Birtaniya - duk jiran nasara a kan Jamus da kawayenta, shugabannin da Labour Party shiga wani kawance da gwamnatin. A shekarar 1918 jam'iyyar ayyana ginin gurguzanci a Birtaniya. Gurguzanci a Burtaniya ji ya ba daya da cewa mun san dalilin da manufofin su ne babban manufar da Fabian Society, a lokacin da gurguzanci aka gina sannu a hankali, bisa ga shirin, ba tare da wani rushewa a cikin al'umma, kazalika da muhimmiyar rawa a cikin shirin na Labour Party ta taka cikin Independent Labour Party wanda ya Labor reshe.

ka'idar Labourism

A ajin gwagwarmaya ne ba wani ɓangare na shirin da aka sha wahala yayin da a 'yan adawa, da Labour Party kira ga hankali garambawul na jari hujja ta wajen jihar, kuma wannan aiki ya kamata duk azuzuwan da aka za a gudanar. A shekara ta 1929, MacDonald ya zama shugaban na biyu Labor gwamnati ta gudanar da sauye-sauye da kuma fada da rashin aikin yi, da inganta jin dadin jama'a.

Sa'an nan, a shekarar 1931, da rikicin ya barke. A sake fasalin da aka, ba shakka, an folded, Labor sun yanke halin kaka na zamantakewa tsaro. Saboda haka, jam'iyyar ta fara zuwa fada baya da sauri. The gwamnatin yi murabus, wasu daga cikin shugabannin -. McDonald, J., da Toma, F. Snowden - sake shiga wani kawance da gwamnatin da kuma canza sunan jam'iyyar - shi ya zama yanzu da National Labor. A 1932 ya gusa daga Labor ta dukan hagu ra'ayoyi a fuskar Independent Labour Party, da Labour Party da kuma sauran rabo a Labour Party da Socialist League.

Pre-yaki da kuma post-yaki shekaru

Lokacin da yakin duniya na II ya riga a kan dokin, da mulki Conservatives sun bi a siyasa na appeasement na Jamus, da Birtaniya da kuma wasu Labor goyon manufofin da gwamnatin. Lokacin da wannan siyasa ta kasa, da kuma Birtaniya kanta barazana tare da faduwa a yakin da, da Labor shugabannin karshe koma. A 1940, da suka shiga cikin gwamnati na Winston Churchill, wanda ya kawai ya samu.

shugaban zaben na Labour Party a United Kingdom daidai suke abu, da kalaman na leftist jin zuciya a kasar ya tashi. Kuma da Labour Party, samarwa a shirin na zamantakewa gyara, a shekarar 1945, gagarumar nasara a zaben. A gwamnati karkashin jagorancin K. R. Ettli gudanar da wani yawan sake fasalin, nationalized da Bank of England, wasu masana'antu biya cikakken diyya ga mai shi.

kasashen waje da manufofin

A Labor gwamnati na United Kingdom goyon bayan worsening Amurka dangantakar da Tarayyar Soviet. Kawai a karkashin matsananci matsa lamba gaba daya sata ba 'yancin kai daga Birtaniya India a shekarar 1947, inda a tsakiyar karni na ashirin da aka kasa da kashi daya daga cikin ilimi yawan (ba ilimi ba, amma kawai sanin haruffa). The National Liberation Movement kuma tilasta wa 'yanci a Burma da birnin Ceylon a 1948.

Kuma riga a 1951, da Labour Party sha kaye a zaben majalisar dokoki. A ideas na gurguzanci daina zama sha'awar Turanci jama'a, haka ma, su da aka damuwa. A sakamakon haka, ya zama dole ga ƙirƙira wani sabon abu, bar da ra'ayin gina gurguzanci. The shugaban na Birtaniya Labour Party a lokacin H. Gaitskell gangarawa mulkin demokra gurguzanci, jindadin jihar tare da wani gauraye tattalin arziki da kuma neman sauyi da kudaden shiga. Ga shi aka zayyana unshakable aminci ga rukunai na NATO.

A sittin da seventies

A shekarar 1964 da Labour Party sake lashe da kuma kafa gwamnatin da G. Wilson gangarawa. Sa'an nan ya karu Hakkin, fensho garambawul da aka za'ayi, sai ya fara sake, "albashi manufofin" tare da wannan hani a kan zamantakewa ciyarwa, a sakamakon a 1970 da Labour Party ci ya kuma tafi 'yan adawa. A 1974 da suka sa ran wani sabon nasara. Yana da aka soke gaggawa, wanda shigar Conservatives saboda m buga mayar da al'ada aiki mako warware rikici don hakar gwal.

Kwadago sun sanya hannu a kwangila da gwamnatin barga farashin, da karuwa a zaman taimako a musayar wani abu da cewa kungiya ta kashin ba zai bukaci hakan Hakkin. A na gaba lokaci a tarihin Birtaniya ya mai da gaske rai-juya hali. An hade da bayyanar da shugaban gwamnatin Margaret Tetcher.

"Iron Lady"

Conservative da zuciyar, wannan imperious da karfi-so mace da aka gudanar da irin wannan sauye-sauye a kan wanda a koma gurguzu ideas iya taba jira, ko da a cikin wani sosai m iri. The Labour Party soma yin gyare-gyare, don haka kamar yadda ba su rasa da za ~ e. Goyan bayan da kamfanonin na aluma, da zarar su da kansu nationalized, da free kasuwar tattalin arziki, da rage zaman wajibai. Su aka tilasta su yi da shi.

The Labour Party ta fara aiwatar da zamani, wanda bai daina, kuma yanzu, saboda tashin da aka samu komowar. Share daga shirin kira ga nationalization, ya sanar "New Labor." A jam'iyyar ya zama cibiyar-hagu. Kuma kawai bayan da cewa, a shekarar 1997, da suka ga gaci a wuya-yi yaƙi nasara a zaben. Jam'iyyar shirin zama fiye da m da nufin tsare da kwanciyar hankali na Birtaniya al'umma.

yau

A sabon shugaban na Birtaniya Labour Party Dzheremi Korbin an zabe bayan jam'iyyar rasa 17 kujeru a majalisar dokokin kasar bayan da 'yan zaben. Yana da wani mabiyin gurguzu, ya bayar da shawarar da yarjejeniyoyin da austerity da advocating ga damar zuwa Birtaniya daga kungiyar tsaro ta NATO. Mutane da yawa manazarta hango ko hasashen tsaga a cikin jam'iyyar da irin wannan shugaba. Its shirye-shirye ba m ga kasar ta yanke hukuncin Conservatives, kuma domin da girma daga "New Labor."

A jam'iyyar shi ne a yanzu da nisa sosai daga farkon su aiki. Yana yana da quite wani zamani Turai fuska. Alal misali, a memba na Birtaniya Labour Party Saymon Parks tsanani ya bayar da hujjar cewa shugaban kasar Rasha ya kawo baki, Nordic baki. Sun bayar da shi "Extraterrestrial" makami cewa shi ne kusan a matsayin cikakkiyar Amurka, da kuma Amurka sun nace a kan adawa. Wannan mutum ba ya la'akari da kanta ya zama rashin cancantar kansu. Kuma ga 'yan'uwanmu jam'iyyar mambobi, a fili, ma.