Aust yadda za girma daga tsaba a gida?

Ya m ra'ayoyi eustoma iya ado da wani flower gado. M furanni shuke-shuke samar da wata m kafet, ma boye a karkashin wani kore foliage. Guest daga South America ba kawai dauka tushen a cikin mu latitudes a matsayin shekara-shekara, amma kuma ya zama mashahuri lambu flower. Eustoma unpretentious, asali da kuma m cikin sharuddan wuri mai faɗi zane. Bugu da kari, shi za a iya girma a ɗaka da kuma musamman ga yankan. Bari mu magana game da yadda za girma daga tsaba na Aust, inda ta ƙayyade wurin da a nan gaba su kula da shuka.

Eustoma, ko "kyakkyawar bakinka"

"Beautiful bakinka" - cewa an fassarta daga Latin sunan shuka, kunsha na biyu Tushen: "EU" da "stoma". Irin wannan da kamã da jũna kwatanta saboda da siffar da flower. A halin yanzu, Botanical yanayi da ake kira "eustoma" na nufin kawai daya musamman irin - grandiflora. Yana kasafta a shuka a 1806, wani masanin kimiyya R. Salisbury, gani da kuma admiring Lizantusom grandiflora. A gaskiya, shi ne, shi ya kaunace ta lambu da kuma ya ba Yunƙurin zuwa yawa kuma bambancin iri.

A Generic sunan Lisianthus da aka bai wa wakilan wannan iyali gentianaceae Irish botanist kuma likita Patrick Brown. Wani lokaci ba bashi for kuskure lasafta Carl Linnaeus. Zaka kuma iya saduwa a karkashin sunan Texas Aust kararrawa gentian Prairie gentian ko Tulip.

Legend na flower

M, kuma m eustoma (dasa da kuma kula da aka bayyana daga baya) na da labari game da asalin. Indiyawan Dajin Amirka gaya wa tsohon labarin jagorar da na daya daga cikin kabilanku, wanda yana da kyau, 'yar. Ta ya da kyau sosai cewa a soyayya tare da ita ruhun yaki da ya so ya riƙi da yarinya ga matarsa. Ta ƙi shi. Allahntakar zo a indescribable fushi, ya kashe matalauci yarinya. A site na ta binne gaba rana bayyana unearthly kyakkyawa eustomy furanni. Tun daga nan, a Indiya almara suka embody da rashin laifi marigayin rai.

A fannin girma da kuma flower description

Amsa wannan tambaya na yadda za girma daga tsaba na Aust seedlings, sa'an nan a cikin bude filin ko a gida, ya kamata a fara da labarin game da mahaifarsa shuke-shuke, da kuma ta morphological fasali. Wadannan da kamanni biyu sun fi mayar da sanin dokokin kula da flower.

Eustomy halitta mazauninsu yanki ne quite m da kuma maida hankali da kudu na Amurka, arewacin South America, da Isthmus of Panama, Mexico, kazalika da wasu daga cikin Caribbean tsibiran.

A halin yanzu, da HALITTAR hada kawai nau'i uku: shi Eustoma grandiflorum, ko Russell, ƙanana da Berkeley. Bã su da wani phenotypic bambance-bambance, amma a lokaci guda na da yawan kowa fasali a kan abin da muka zauna. Eustoma ne herbaceous shuka tare da wuya kafa tushe, kai wani tsawo na 60 cm. Around tsakiyar shi zai fara zuwa reshe fita, domin wannan dalili, a Bloom shi ne a shirye-sanya bouquet. A ganye ne m-lanceolate blue-kore, maras ban sha'awa. Calyx mazurari-dimbin yawa, zurfin a diamita kai 5-8 cm. A na halitta kewaye petals yi zurfi blue color inuwa. Shayarwa kuma kawo da yawa iri, iri dabam-dabam a cikin launi, kazalika da Terry form.

iri eustomy

Kafin ka yi kokarin girma Aust a tukunya a gida ko a cikin lambu, ya kamata ka yanke shawarar abin da irin shuka muna da ake rubutu a wani batu. Ta yaya za ku gaskata da mai sayarwa game da wani takamaiman m, tuna cewa a kasuwannin mu da kuma a sana'a Stores yayin da ba za ka iya kawai sami Lisianthus Russell (ko macranthon). Wannan shi ne sayar da buds a farkon spring a cikin tukunya, ya sa shi a cikin gidãjen Aljanna dandana lambu. A rarrabe da jinsin - blue-kore waxy ganye da kuma wani showy kararrawa-dimbin yawa blue (wani lokacin fari) furanni. Ya ke tsiro a yankin na Great filayen. Hotuna da wannan nau'in ake wakilta a cikin binciken.

A na biyu da aka sani da irin - shi ne eustoma kananan (Eustoma exaltatum). Yana ka iya gani a cikin hoto a sama. Flower sauki a form, biyar-kunnen fure, inuwa daga kodadde Lilac to m.

Nau'i na uku - Eustoma barkleyi, wanda yake shi ne na wurare masu zafi shuka. An farko aka bayyana a cikin shekarar 1957.

Yadda girma daga tsaba na Aust: seedlings ko tsaye a cikin ƙasa?

Kamar yadda riga aka ambata a sama, eustoma - a biennial shuka. Duk da haka, a tsakiyar band na sauyin yanayi da yanayin da shi za a iya girma a matsayin shekara-shekara, da kuma kawai a kudancin yankunan - kamar shekaru biyu. Shuka da tsaba za a iya za'ayi kamar yadda seedlings ko tsaye a cikin ƙasa. Na farko hanya ne mafi dacewa a gare tsakiyar band, Ural da Siberia, na biyu - zuwa kudu. Bugu da kari, kana bukatar ka biya da hankali ga tsarin da ƙasa: idan yana da wuya, sosai kananan tsaba eustomy kawai samun ɓace a gare shi, kuma da kamar wuya a germinate. Seedlings ta farkon watan Yuni a daidai dasa an riga an kafa da kuma karfi, kuma a watan Yuli da shuka blooms da kuma ci gaba da su na ado sakamako har sanyi.

shuka lokaci

Abu na farko da za ka bukatar ka san game da yadda za girma seedlings eustomy - shi ne lokaci na iri dasa. Daga lokacin da suka germination kafin flowering daukan game da watanni 5-6. Wannan yana nufin cewa domin samun wata flowering shuka a watan Yuni, ya sa shi a kan seedlings ya zama a farkon Janairu. Duk da haka, a wannan lokaci na shekara, hasken rana ne har yanzu takaice, don haka kana bukatar karin lighting.

Idan kana so ka girma a ɗaka Aust, da tsaba shuka lokaci ne quite yiwu su matsa zuwa farkon watan Maris. A wannan yanayin, ƙarin lighting ake bukata.

Mataki 1: seeding

Ga bayani a kan yadda za a yi girma seedlings daga tsaba eustomy rubuta quite mai yawa. Saba lambu sau da yawa hankali da cewa wannan tsari ba daga cikin mafi sauki da kuma wani lokacin shi ya sa hankali da tunani game da saya shuke-shuke. Girma lisianthus, lalle ne, da ƙarfin ne ba ga kowa da kowa. Seedlings whimsical, tasowa tsawo, m to waterlogging. Bugu da ƙari kuma, ya kamata a lura da cewa a jakar tsaba (10 inji mai kwakwalwa.) Daga profiled eustomy kudin wani talakawan na daga 40 zuwa 100 rubles. Duk wanda yake so ya yi girma wannan flower, shi ne shawarar zuwa zabi wani granular dasa kayan (hoton sama) da kuma peat Allunan, kamar yadda a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa. Wannan zai muhimmanci ƙara chances na wani cin nasara sakamako ya kuskura.

Peat Allunan ne ma manyan aka ba da ake bukata, shi ne isa ya dauki wadanda suke daidai a diamita na 4 cm. Yi da kyau a gaba mini teplichku, misali, daga marufi daga cake. Saka shi a kwamfutar hannu da kuma sannu a hankali busa kashe wasu ruwa don kammala su kumburi, da wuce haddi magudana. A cikin cibiyar kowane daga cikinsu sanya wani kadan indentation tare da wani ɗan ƙaramin asawki ko wani wasa da kuma sanya zuriyar eustomy. Binne shi bukata ba za, sanya, bar, da kuma rufe murfi da teplichke. A Premier Nazarin bayanai game da yadda za girma daga tsaba na Aust a gida, ƙwarai simplifies kan aiwatar da zai kawar yin kuskure.

Container, wuri a karkashin wani mai kyalli fitila. Karin lighting ne da za'ayi daga lissafi cewa haske rana domin eustomy ya kamata game da 12 hours. A mafi m zazzabi for germination - shi ne + 20-25 ° C lokacin da rana da kuma ba ƙananan fiye da 15 ° C da dare.

Mataki 2: sprouting

Tare da zama dole muhalli da yanayi eustomy tsaba fara germinate game da mako guda bayan shuka. Seedlings su ne kadan da kuma m, tasowa sannu a hankali sosai. A wannan lokaci, da damar da tushen tsarin, don haka suka bukaci kulawa ta musamman.

A wannan mataki yana da muhimmanci a san yadda za a yi girma Aust wadannan kananan germs. Da farko, bi da samuwar sandaro ciki da teplichke kuma da sauri cire shi. Idan ruwa saukad da zai fada a kan saman shuka, akwai wani babban alama na tasowa fungi da mutuwarsu. Abu na biyu, bar iska ta shiga cikin akwati kullum. Na uku, watering seedlings da wuya, kawai idan ka lura cewa da Allunan, an fara sag. Add ruwa zuwa ganga, sa'an nan kuma cire wuce haddi.

Bayan bayyanar da seedlings na farko biyu daga gaskiya ganye, za ka iya fara kara lokacin airing, game da shi accustoming su zuwa bushe iska na dakin. Around tsakiyar Maris karin lighting za a iya tsaya da cikakken fassara Aust a kan halitta haske.

Mataki na 3: wurin zama a raba tukwane

Evidence cewa peat kwaya karfe shuka ne kananan, zai kasance bayyanar Tushen bayan. Kamar yadda mai mulkin, shi ne a bayyane ga tsirara ido, kuma da wannan lokaci da seedlings Have 1-2 nau'i-nau'i daga gaskiya ganye. Ba lallai ba ne a jinkirta canja wuri, in ba haka ba da tushen zai buɗo a makwabtaka da kwayoyi (shi ya faru sosai da sauri), sa'an nan kuma suka yi raba, a lokaci guda lalacewar zai zama makawa.

Lokacin da nazarin tambaya na yadda za girma Aust daga tsaba, shi wajibi ne don kula da ƙasa shiri domin dasa. Ga seedlings bukatar m da sako-sako da ƙasa da kyau permeability to iska da kuma ruwa. Za ka iya amfani da wani ruwan magani na gwani shagunan, tsara don violets, ko shirya nasu gona. Don haka kana bukatar humus, peat, talakawa lambu ƙasa na da kyau inganci da kogi wanke yashi. Tafii da su a cikin rabo 1: 2: 1: 0.5. Eustoma fĩfĩta gona da ciwon tsaka tsaki PH, don haka yana da amfani don ƙara zuwa cakuda itace ash a wani adadin na biyu tablespoons da lita ƙasa.

A sabon tukunya kada ta kasance ma manyan, isa 6-7 cm a diamita. A kasan zuba shirye gona Layer na 2-3 cm da ɗauka da sauƙi ƙara ja da shi. Hankali, kokarin kada su lalata tushen da shuke-shuke, cire fata daga kwamfutar hannu. Next Aust sa a tukunya da kuma cika sarari da ƙasa. Idan tushen har yanzu toho daga da kuma saukowa, ku ne marigayi, ba ka cire fata, kawai wani daraja shi a cikin wadanda wuraren da suka kasance kalla. Rufẽwa a ƙasar a kusa da shuka, tabbatar cewa tushen kwala aka ba recessed. Ruwa da shuke-shuke, directing wani jet na ruwa a kan kewaye da tukunyar, ba da cibiyar. A surface iya ɗauka da sauƙi yayyafa bushe ƙasa mix.

Mataki na 4: Care for seedlings

Bugu da ari kula da seedlings ne dace watering. Yana da muhimmanci kada a cika a cikin matasa shuke-shuke, kula da yanayin ƙasa da su bayyanar. Tukwane da seedlings sa a kan wani da-lit yankin (kudu ko yamma taga). Mun jawo hankali ga gaskiyar yadda za a yi furanni daga tsaba eustoma domin bude ƙasa, da kuma cikin dakin, domin akwai wasu bambance-bambance a aikin nomar.

Idan ka shirya dashi da shuke-shuke a cikin lambu, ko da wani tsayi iri-iri, za ka bukatar wani dashi. Ya kamata a gudanar a tsakiyar watan Maris, domin wannan dalili, shirya tukwane 3-4 cm a diamita, ya fi girma fiye da na baya wadanda.

A cikin akwati inda eustoma shirya dasa a cikin tukwane da m jeri a cikin dakin, a kan baranda, baranda ko loggia, wani tsaka-tsaki mataki za a iya tsallake. Repot da shuka kai tsaye a cikin tukunyar, cewa shi ne mai m wuri.

Mataki na 5: transplanting a cikin tukwane

Koyon yadda ake girma daga tsaba na Aust kuma farga duk tips a cikin yi, za ka iya matsa wa na gaba mataki. Lokacin da transplanting eustomy a tukwane (na cikin gida namo) bukatun ƙasa ne batun guda, amma ga mafi girma da muka bada shawara ƙara 1 tablespoon ga kowane uku lita na ƙasa mix nitrophosphate ko NPK. Hankali matsar da taki a ƙasa, kamar yadda lisianthus m haddi taki da kuma zai iya sa konewa.

A kasa na tukwane dole zuba a Layer na kumbura lãka kauri daga 2-3 cm. Low-girma iri za a isa tukunya 15 cm a diamita ko nisa. Kara girma na tukwane, ƙara zuwa kasa fiye kumbura lãka. Zuba karin kananan Layer na kasar gona mix, cire seedlings daga cikin tukunya kuma neatly (rike duniya com), sanya shi a cikin wani sabon ganga. Wõfintattu cika da ƙasa kuma ɗauka da sauƙi compacted. Sa'an nan shayar da shuka da kuma yayyafa a kan saman wani sandararriyar ƙasa.

A 'yan kalmomi game da yadda za girma Aust gida. Kula da shi a cikin gida yanayi ne mai sauki. Wajen da tukwane da shuka a kan wani haske wuri, shi ne ba tsoro na hasken rana kai tsaye, da kuma za su kasance ne kawai murna. A cikin lokacin bazara eustoma shige talakawa dakin da zazzabi ne a cikin hunturu - wajibi ne don ci gaba da shi a 16-18 ° C. Watering ya zama m, bari cikin ƙasa zuwa bushe dan kadan a tsakanin. Wannan inji 'yan qasar zuwa wurare masu zafi da kuma fi son damp iska, a kai a kai girgiza ta fesa.

Ga wadanda suke so su sa a shuka a gonar, a kan wannan tambaya na yadda za a yi girma a flower eustoma ba ƙare a can. A mafi wuya, saukarwa (daga zuriya zuwa manyan seedling) shige. Duk da haka, wajibi ne a ci gaba da shuka a waje, da kuma shi ma bukatar wasu kokarin.

Mataki na 6: saukowa a bude ƙasa

Bayan da Aust girma daga tsaba a amince aiki, kuma kana da kyau kwarai seedlings, yana da muhimmanci ba ga rushe su. Kada ka rush ga saukowa a cikin ƙasa, ko idan da barazana wuce da dawowar sanyi. Dates ne kai tsaye dogara a kan yanayin zone, kamar a tsakiyar May - farkon Yuni. Jagororin a kan zabar saukowa shafukan da shirye-shiryen da ƙasa cakuda ne guda kamar yadda na eustomy girma a cikin tukunya al'adu.

A ganiya lokaci domin dasa - da yamma, ko hadari rana. Shuka shrubs a nesa na 15-20 cm daga juna su hana thickening.

Mataki 7: Kula da waje shuke-shuke

Top tips a kan yadda za a girma daga tsaba na Aust a gida, kuma ya yi dangane da titi lokutta. Weeding, watering, barbarar, tilling cikin ƙasa, pruning tsohon inflorescences - Waɗannan su ne babban maki da ya kamata ka kula.

Da farko, ka mai da hankali tare da watering. Yana da muhimmanci a sami wani tsakiyar ƙasa, kamar yadda eustoma cũtar ba kawai da suka wuce haddi danshi, amma kuma ta wani rauni. Lokacin da tsire-tsire samar da 6-8 nau'i-nau'i na ganye, za ka iya prischipnut da tip zuwa ta da da samuwar gefen harbe. Barbarar na shuke-shuke da ma'adinai hadaddun shirye-shirye za'ayi da misali hanya.

Abu na biyu, weeding da hoeing. m hanyoyin da duk amfanin gona. Lokacin da watering kar ka manta ka sassauta kasar gona, amma m, don tabbatar da samun da oxygen zuwa ga asalinsu.

Abu na uku, a amince cire iri na furanni. Saboda haka da shuka zai duba neater, kuma akwai yiwuwar cewa bayan 6 makonni shi zai Bloom sake.

A dakin al'ada eustomy kasa mai saukin kamuwa zuwa kwari da cututtuka, kamar yadda sun yi tsayayya da misalin titi. A tsire-tsire ne mafi saukin kamuwa zuwa botrytis, bayyanar wanda aka haɗa tare da take hakkin ruwa tsarin mulki. Kwari mai hadarin gaske ne thrips kuma whitefly. Bi da Street eustomy domin hana sau da yawa ta kakar fungicide da kuma magani.

Zan iya amfani da kaina tsaba?

Mutane da yawa novice growers suna mamaki ko yana yiwuwa ga girma Aust daga tsaba samu daga shuke-shuke da nasu. Yana yana da biyu amsoshi. A farko - don haka, idan ka eustomy sun ba matasan. Na biyu - babu, idan furanni suna tsallaka samfurin da kuma marufi an icon F1. A wannan yanayin, da alama cewa eustomy iri za su zama kamar iyaye shuke-shuke da aka low, mafi m, zai zama tsagawa bisa ga daban-daban sharudda.

Yanzu ka san duk game da yadda za a girma daga tsaba na Aust. Rataya-Downing begonia, lobelia da ornamental deciduous jinsin su ne ta ban mamaki da makwabta a kan baranda, baranda ko a kan terrace. ta fi son kawaicin da nake yi a cikin lambu. Monoposadki a flowerbeds a kan iyakar duba musamman ban sha'awa. Kada ka manta cewa eustoma dace da yankan a wani bouquet. Yi amfani da bushes, wanda soke akalla 3-4 na flower.