Anthropological jari-hujja na Feuerbach a kan jigon mutumin da addini

Lyudvig Feyerbah aka haife shi a wani iyali lauya. Duk da yake karatu a tauhidin baiwa na Jami'ar Heidelberg, ya zo a ƙarƙashin rinjayar Hegel da kuma sa suna a cikin University of Berlin Faculty of Falsafa. Amma masa abin rekõdinsa ne irin wannan cewa ya samu wani yawa na takaici - a falsafar Hegel da "m" rayuwa. Kafin rasuwarsa, ya rayu a ƙauyen. Babban ayyukan da ya rubuta akwai - "sharhi na Hegel ta Falsafa", "Abu mafi muhimmanci game da Kristanci", "Principles na Falsafa da Future" - suna gina harsashin ginin sabuwar falsafa, wanda aka halin a matsayin anthropological jari-hujja.

An ɓangare na wannan falsafa ne sharhi na idealism. Feuerbach kira gargajiya Jamus falsafa idealist, saboda shi ne kokarin kawo waje duniya na tunani. Wannan take kaiwa zuwa mamayar da akidarsu, alerting addini ra'ayoyi kan falsafa iri, wani irin "nagartaccen addini." Kawai, idan na al'ada addini ra'ayoyi mamaye Theism - da imani da wani mutum da Allah, da Jamusanci falsafa - m Ruhu knowable m. Anthropological jari-hujja na Feuerbach ƙaryata Hegel ta gabban, kamar yadda wani irin muhawara a cikinsa daga gaskiya da aka rasa. A sabon falsafa ne domin shawo falsafar Hegel, a ƙawance da kimiyyar yanayin halitta domin fahimtar ainihin, maimakon kirkirar yiwuwa na mutum. Haka kuma, shi ya tada tambaya na jigon mutum, saboda hadin kai da kasancewa da tunanin kawai sa hankali a mutum, domin mutumin da yake da hadin kai na ruhaniya da kuma corporeal abu, kuma ta ainihi - a cikin kwarewa, a sensuality.

Anthropological falsafar Feuerbach ta tsarin ne a duniya kimiyya. All koyarwarsa Ribar anthropologism. Nature for Feuerbach m al'amarin. Shi ne har abada da bambance bambancen, m, m, m da sarari da kuma lokaci. Wannan shi ne kawai gaskiya - shi ne kome. Man, kamar yadda kammala yanayi - shi ne kome kasa da mutum, da kuma sama da shi. "The kallo na dabi'a da kuma mutumin ya ƙunshi dukkan asirai na falsafa" - da Falsafa ce. A iri-iri na mutum motsin zuciyarmu nuna bambancin yanayi. Ilimi shi ne yiwu godiya ga sensuality.

Hankula ba ruɗe mu, kuma ba su waje - su ne isa ga sanin abin mamaki. Ji ne na kowa da kowa - da suka yi tunani da kuma tunani - ji. Anthropological jari-hujja na Feuerbach yana sanya a gaba da ra'ayin cewa tunani dogara ne a kan nishaɗi da complements shi: "na jin muna karanta littafin yanayi, amma mun fahimci ta tunani." Saboda haka, tunani ne kawai dole ne a bincika don boye ma'anar abubuwa. Duk da haka, da m aikace-aikace, cikin sharuddan falsafa, irin wannan tunani ba, da kuma bai kamata a - a yi inimical zuwa biyu falsafa da kuma juyayinsu, shi ne datti da kuma commercialism.

A bambanci da zamani falsafar zindikai, anthropological jari-hujja na Feuerbach ya wadãtu da addini ba kamar yadda vapid talla - shi kuwa ya tashi daga tsõro da wahala daga m mutumin da na muhimmi adam so ga kamala. "Allah, - ƙarasa Feuerbach - wancan ne abin da mutane son zama." Saboda haka, jigon addini - a cikin zuciyar ɗan adam. Development of addini m mataki na tarihi ci gaba. Lokacin da mutum ya kasance gaba daya dogara a kan yanayi, addini ya na halitta, da kuma lokacin da wani mutum ya halitta manufa da kuma sa shi kusa da kansa, bauta wa m mutum - addini ya zama na ruhaniya. Wannan ne hujja da irin wannan addini Concepts, kamar Triniti, wanda shi ne ainihin wata alama ce da iyali.

Anthropological jari-hujja na Feuerbach zo da koyarwar addinin kirista a general da addini ji na soyayya. Matsalar addini ne unattainable manufa - yana nufin cewa idan da manufa da aka gane, addini zai bace (saboda wani mutum da wani dalĩli game da camfi, Abin mamaki Falsafa). Man da aka kore ta da sha'awa, a sama da dukan, son kai, sabili da haka 'yanci ga mutum - shi ne ya haifar da da yanayi na shi, a lokacin da ya iya yi abin da ya so. A tuki da karfi na xa'a ne m egoism, wanda yake shi ne mafi cikakken bayyana, a soyayya, domin shi mafi kyau wakiltar dangantaka tsakanin "I" da "ka." Saboda haka, m addini wajibi ne, bisa ga Falsafa, don maye gurbin daba na halitta da kuma m mutum. Rungumar Anthropology na Feuerbach, Engels da zarar jawabin cewa ya "son jefa dukan mutane a juna ta makamai, ko da jinsi da shekaru."