Abin da irin art akwai kuma styles

Art - da ra'ayi ne sosai multifaceted. Yana wakiltar aiki a matsayin dukan. Akwai wasu daga cikin ra'ayoyi. Artworks gani da yawa al'amurran da gaskiya, ji na duniya da kuma duniya mawallafa. Bisa ga ado fassarar jigon manufar da aka bi da matsayin mimesis - kwaikwayo, mai son sha'awa magana daga wani abu supersensible. Next, la'akari da abin da su ne iri art.

ado darajar

Iri da kuma siffofin art suna dauke da magana na zamantakewa sani, musamman Hakika na aiwatar da Mastering duniya a ruhaniya da kuma m shugabanci. Tare da wannan aiki shi ne wani kwayoyin hadaddun na halitta, mutum hulda, da kuma kimantawa da halin da ake ciki. Magana ne game da abin da yana da art siffofin, musamman ya kamata a lura, kamar zanen, sassaka, cinema, wasan kwaikwayo da sauransu. Da yawa daga cikinsu suna da wasu irin shugabanci. Alal misali, akwai daban-daban na music. Next, dubi wasu daga cikin iri na bayani.

zanen

Magana ne game da abin da zane-zane ne, ba za mu iya ce game da wannan m shugabanci. A tarihin zanen da ke mayar da ƙarni. Wannan m shugabanci sun samo asali daga kogon zane-zane da dabarun zamani. Zanen da widest kewayon daban-daban yiwuwa ga ganin na da fadi da dama kayayyaki - daga hakikanci to m art. Ya kamata a lura da cewa ado zane-zane a kan daban-daban matakai na tarihi samo asali quite sabanin. Wannan ya yafi saboda zuwan zamani da kuma idon basira ƙungiyoyi. A karshen XIX-XX ƙarni suka fara samar da irin wannan zane-zane, kamar yadda wani boye, m, avant-garde. Ana zargin wadannan ƙungiyoyi alama a kin amincewa da hoton. Maimakon haka, shi ne wani aiki magana marubucin sirri dangantaka zuwa ga gaskiya, al'ada da kuma wani tunanin launi, geometrization da ƙari na images, associativity da kuma na ado kumshin mafita. A lokacin karni na ashirin ci gaba da bincika fasaha wajen da kuma sabon fenti. Wannan ya sa shi kaucewa daban-daban daga baya iri styles of art. Duk da haka, misali, mai zanen, da kuma a yau an dauki wani fi so dabara na iyayengijinsu.

graphics

Yana hada daban-daban iri iri na art. Graphic wakiltar image jirgin sama. Yana hadawa jawo, mukaddashin m yankin, da kuma iri daban-daban bugu da sana'o'i. Wadannan sun hada da daban-daban na zane-zane da kuma sana'o'i. Wannan itace engraving (woodcut), karfe (etching), kwali da sauransu. Kowane adadi ne na musamman da kuma daya daga wani irin. Graphic bugu ayyukanku su kofe, reproduced a cikin kwafi - m kofe. Haka kuma, kowane hatimi zai zama ainihin, amma ba wani kwafin na asali image. A adadi ne tushen duk iri graphics da yawa wasu irin art. Don ƙirƙirar wani image marubucin ne sau da yawa m sauki na'urorin: alkalami ko fensir da takarda. A wasu lokuta, zai iya yiwuwa a yi amfani da nagartaccen kayan aiki da kuma na musamman kayayyakin: da bugu latsa, masu saro, lithographic da duwatsu da sauran. Babban wajen magana na graphics yi kwane-kwane bar, line, sautin da tabo. Raba, sosai muhimmiyar rawa aka buga da wani farin takardar takarda. Mawallafa, da dama sun nemi magana, ta amfani da daya kadai baki. Iyakoki cewa wanzu tsakanin zane da kuma zanen, sosai matukar. Sau da yawa watercolor dabaru, pastels, da kuma a wasu lokuta, gouache, dauke da daya, da sauran zane-zane. Wadannan su ne raba graphics kwatance a matsayin Poster, kwamfuta zane, littafin zane. Posters ayan gani gaskiya da kuma nuna muhimmanci events. Suna iya zama wasanni, siyasa, talla, nisha, ilimi da sauran. The graphics ana amfani da wasu sana'o'i. Wadannan sun hada da, musamman, sun hada da katunan gaisuwa, envelopes, kalandarku, kuma mafi.

sassaka

Tun zamanin da, akwai daban-daban iri iri na art. Daya daga cikin tsofaffin wuraren dauke sassaka. A sosai sunan yana da Latin asalinsu. A fassarar da kalmar "sassaka" na nufin "sassaka", "sculpting". Ciki da wannan yanki da aka yi amfani da wani yawa na nau'o'i. Idan muka magana game da abin da iri art ne ta fuska uku da uku-girma, abu na farko da za a ce game da sassaka. Yana hada reliefs, busts, mutummutumai da more. A sassaka ne zuwa kashi biyu iri: da samfurin located da yardar kaina a sarari, da kuma goyon baya a kan wani jirgin saman. A karshen hada da babban taimako da Bas-taimako. Ganawa da sassaka kuma iya zama daban-daban. Alal misali, yana iya zama wani monumental, easel. Dabam ware kananan sculptural siffofin. Amma ga Genre, ya kamata a lura, kamar gida, hoto, da tarihi, da kuma sauran animalistic. Amfani da sassaƙaƙƙun nufin iya sake gina da har yanzu rai ko wuri mai faɗi. Duk da haka, babban abu ne dauke da wani mutum. Mutane Zagayawar a hanyoyi daban-daban. Alal misali, yana iya zama a fasa, shugaban, statuary, mutum-mutumi. Amma fasahar, shi ne quite hadaddun da ya shafi mutane da yawa matakai. A kayan amfani da itace, da na dutse, da sauran m abubuwa. By yankan kashe da suka wuce haddi samfurin da aka halitta.

Har ila yau, da image an samu kuma ta hanyar amfani da roba taro. Wannan tsari shine ake kira roba (gyaren). A nan, a cikin used kakin zuma, da yumɓun, da yumɓun, da dai sauransu kamar yadda wani abu. Samar da kuma sculptures sanya da simintin daga abubuwa da ciwon ikon mulkin daga ruwa zuwa m jihar. Irin kayan da, misali, hada da kankare, plaster, roba. Amfani a cikin halittar sculptures da karfe. An bi da tare da waldi, stamping, yankan, sunã ƙirƙirãwa.

architecture

Magana ne game da abin da zane-zane ne, musamman hankali ya kamata a biya su da gine. Architecture yana da ikon bayyana a cikin images of mutum ra'ayoyi game da duniya, yawa, lokacin, biki, da farin ciki, Loneliness da sauransu. Saboda haka sau da yawa ake magana a kai a matsayin gine daskararre music. m ta aiki ne don tabbatar da ba kawai da ƙarfi, kuma da kyau wurare, amma kuma da na ado quality. Akwai da dama gine-gine da ake da su. Ba kowa ba ne ya sani da sunan wani art siffan da ake dangantawa da da halittar kuma da sake gina birnin. Wannan shugabanci na raya birane. Har ila yau a cikin gine ware wuri mai faɗi zane. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na wannan Trend ne gadoji, marẽmari matakala ga gõnaki, Parks, boulevards, gazebos, a takaice, duk abin da ake amfani da su tsara shirin da ƙasa. To ɓullo da gine-gine girma. Wadannan sun hada da wasu iri gine-gine: masana'antu, na zama, jama'a, addini da sauransu. A wani ba tsawon tarihi zo tare da daban-daban da kuma inganta yi dabaru da kuma kayan. Saboda jihar na art da gilashin, kankare, robobi da sauran albarkatun kasa ne m Tsarin, ba-default sanyi: a cikin nau'i na bukukuwa, furanni, bawo, kunnuwa, da kuma sauran spirals.

gine-gine da kayayyakin aiki,

Babban wadanda ake rarraba, launi, sikelin, roba kundin. Har ila yau, na bayar da muhimmanci ne da launi da kuma irin zane na saman. The gine da aka tsara don gani da m Trend na zamani. Yana dimbin yawa da jam'iyyar ne daban-daban daga al'ada yi. Gine-ginen haifar ga mutane, kuma da rayuwar sarari, cikinsa da m kungiyar. Duniya sanannen gine-gine da kuma was riskarsa kamar alamomin na mutum birane da kuma kasashe. Alal misali, a birnin Paris, shi ne - da Eiffel Tower, Misira - dala a Athens - da Acropolis, a Roma - da Colosseum, a Moscow - Red Square da kuma Kremlin.

Irin m art

Tsarkakewa da ke dauke da firamare da kuma mafi tsoho yanki na kerawa. Yana hada yawa iri jama'a art. A musamman, wadannan ditties, ballads, lullabies, kuma mafi. A general, iri jama'a art za a iya hade a manufar "almara". Daga cikin wasu yankunan ya kamata a lura da mahimmancin Playing. Yana daukan up yawa ƙasa da sararin samaniya a music fiye da vocal. Isar da takamaiman wuri da aka dauke su choral tsarkakewa. Wannan na gama yi na ayyuka. Choral tsarkakewa ne manufa tabo bauta wa, bukukuwa, Theatrical events. Yana da aka yi nufi ga karfafa mutane a cikin mafi ingancin. Har ila yau, ya kamata a lura shi ne shugabanci kamar yadda jam'iyya music. A wannan yanayin, da kisan (vocal ko instrumental) da karamin abun da ke ciki. Symphonic music da aka tsara don orchestras. Daga cikin babban nau'o'i ya kamata a yi da overture, suite, Symphony.

Opera - wani m shugabanci. Yana shafi kida da maher. Opera ne, a gaskiya, shi ne a play, wanda jam'iyyun sung. Shi ne mai hade da uku abubuwa: kalmomi, music da kuma mataki mataki. Wani irin m art ne rawa. Yana amfani dance kuma instrumental kisa. Na musamman muhimmancin, kamar yadda, lalle ne, haƙĩƙa, kuma a cikin wasan opera, da rawa yana shimfidar wuri.

abstracting

A takaice aka bayyana a sama, akwai wasu irin art. Ya kamata a ce cewa wannan ba irga na yankunan da kerawa. Next, la'akari da wasu daga cikin dabarun, ta hanyar abin da halittar m siffofin. Daya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin tunani ne dauke da wani abstraction. A sakamakon haka, ya fi na kowa form shari'u da Concepts. Idan ka taba ado zane-zane, to, akwai wani tsari na abstraction stylization na halitta, halitta images. Wakilai daga wasu m ƙungiyoyi da aka halitta da zane, bambanta Azancin da umarnin. Ta haka ne suka kara nanata cikin search na m kungiyar na hotuna a zane da kuma gine-gine. An misali ne aikin Malevich. A general, da m aiki aka lura m gaban abstraction.

Irin styles a art: hakikanci

A wani m ji, manufar art ne - a gaskiya, m kuma haƙiƙa tunani na yanzu gaskiya. A saboda wannan dalili musamman kayan aikin muhimmi a wasu yankunan na kerawa. A na kowa alama na hakikanci an dauke shi abun dogaro a lokacin da wasa gaskiya. A wannan art, a wannan yanayin, shi ne samuwa ga mai yawa daban-daban fahimi hanyoyin, dabaru na hakan, gani mamaki.

avant-garde

A art, shi ma'anar manufar zamani, gwaji manufofi. Kowane zamanin da aka alama ta fitowan da m mamaki, amma lokaci kanta ne kahu kawai a farkon karni na ashirin. A wannan lokaci akwai irin wannan nau'i na art, kamar Cubism, Expressionism, Fauvism, Futurism da sauran. kowa siffofin za a iya gano a duk yankunan da avant-garde. Da farko wannan shi ne wani tashi daga classic dokoki na image, nau'i nakasawa, game hira, magana da sauransu. Duk wannan taimaka wajen blur da iyakoki da gaskiya da kuma art.

karkashin kasa

Wannan ra'ayi yana bi a matsayin "karkashin kasa" da al'adunsu. A wannan yanayin da shi ya sãɓa art gazawarsu da kuma taron gunduma na al'ada art. Ciniki nuna akai-akai ba a galleries da gyaran gashi, da kuma a cikin jirgin karkashin kasa, subways, a kan ƙasa. A Rasha, da ake kira boye al'umma, wakiltar na yau da kullum art.

zamani

Wannan ra'ayi ne na gama nadi na sabuwar trends, makarantu, styles da kuma ayyukan mutum artists a cikin art karni na ashirin da. Shi ne kusa a ma'anar da avant-garde. Zamani da aka kiyasta quite barnatar da art a cikin Soviet zamanin. Ya aka matsayin wata alama daga cikin rikicin na bourgeois al'adu.

sanadin motsi kerawa

Wannan Trend ake dangantawa da yin amfani da tsauri, motsi abubuwa da kuma Tsarin. Matsayin mai zaman kanta art kinetism dauki siffar a cikin biyu da rabi na hamsin hamsin na karshe karni. Yana da aka riga da gwaje-gwajen a kan halittar wani mashahurin sassaka a Rasha constructivism. Tun a tarihi mai nisa, jama'a art nuna samfurori motsi toys da kuma abubuwa. Kamar yadda wani misali na iya zama tsuntsu da farin ciki daga Arkhangelsk yankin, simulating da aiki aiwatar da wani inji abun wasa. Bogorodskoye. Sau da yawa kinetism samar da wani mafarki da motsi ta hanyar canza yanayin haske mara kyau. Dabaru na wannan art siffan an yadu a yi amfani da tsari na shirya discos, bikin, nune-nunen, a lokacin da ka yi jama'a ciki, Parks da murabba'ai. Sau da yawa a cikin qagaggun madubai amfani.

Modern ma'ana dabaru

• Hyperrealism. Wannan Trend in sassaka da zane fito a Amurka a cikin 70s karni na ashirin da. Masters halitta kwaikwayo na wani photo a kan zane. Wanda aka nuna a matsayin wani zamani birni: zirga-zirga fitilu kuma a tashar jirgin karkashin kasa, shop windows, wucewa a kan titi, zama gine-gine. Musamman da hankali da aka biya a wannan haske nuna saman (robobi, gilashin, polishing , da dai sauransu).
• Reidy-Maid. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin na kowa dabaru na avant-garde art. Its ainihi shi ne na al'ada iyali yanayi karya abu na masana'antu samar da nuna a wani gallery ko nuni zauren. Ma'anar wannan tsari ya ta'allaka ne a canza fahimta daga wani abu a cikin wani sabon abu halin da ake ciki a gare shi.
• Girkawar. Wannan na sarari abun da ke ciki, wanda aka halitta daga daban-daban abubuwa. A musamman, yi amfani da abubuwa, iyali kayayyakin, na halitta abubuwa, kayan, gani ko rubutu bayanai. Lokacin da sabon abu haduwa da talakawa abubuwa batutuwa ba, wata alama ce ma'anar. Ado ciki shigarwa ta'allaka ne a wasan na ginin jumla dabi'u, wanda canja dangane da yanayin a cikin abin da abu ya rataya - a cikin nuni zauren ko da saba m yanayi domin shi.
• Environnement. Wannan sarari, wajen m abun da ke ciki. Yana maida hankali ne akan viewer ne kama da real yanayi. Environnement wakiltar daya daga cikin siffofin halayyar for avant 60-70th. XX karni.

a ƙarshe

Art ya kasance kullum a cikin tune tare da lokaci. Ya nuna da zamantakewa duniya baki daya. A daidai wannan lokaci da art na da ikon ƙwarai tasiri cikin talakawa da mutanen. A wannan connection, da irin muhimmancin da yake da ta dace hali na mahalicci ba. A tarihin duk wani nau'i na art ne kullum canja, gwamnatin rai al'amari. A kowane daga cikin lokuta akwai gwagwarmaya da tasirinsa, trends, tsohon ideas da qualitatively sabon kunno kai manifestations. Duk da haka, duk da na canzawa cikin wani da aka ba lokacin, duk siffofin art mun gwada da barga siffofin: roba, kumshin, launi, da kuma sauran coloristic, ma'ana da style da wani lokaci.