A zuciya bawul: da aiki domin maye gurbin da zai yiwu cuta

A zuciyar ɗan adam yana da hudu cavities. Kowane daga cikinsu an haɗa ta hanyar musamman ramuka - bawuloli. Suna bukatar su kewaya da jini ga Kwayoyin ko'ina. A cututtuka na zuciya bawuloli, bukatar taimako likitan zuciyar. A wasu lokuta, don kawar da Pathology, tiyata zama dole. Cututtuka bawul na'ura gubar zuwa Sistem gazawar. Idan babu mataki aka dauka, da Pathology iya kai ga mutuwa.

Menene zuciya bawul?

Zuciya bawuloli da ake bukata don tabbatar da daya-hanyar jini halin yanzu daga daya cell zuwa wani. Sun kunshi wani ciki Layer na jiki - da endocardium. Cardiac bawul hidima taga tsakanin cavities. Godiya ga shi, jini gudana daga daya jam'iyya da sauran kamar yadda ya cancanta. Valvular na'ura kunshi wadannan aka gyara:

1. A annulus fibrosus.
2. Muscle nama da kuma sash.
3. Tsirkiya.

Wadannan Tsarin suke da ba a duk bawuloli. Fibrotic zobe da partitions tsakanin cavities samar da wata zuciya firam. Ya aka wakilta m na roba da kuma collagen zaruruwa. A bawul bude yatsun ne zama dole domin tabbatar da ta bude a lokacin da systole. Jini da aka jefa daga high-matsa lamba jam'iyya na zuciya zuwa wani. Wannan shi ne ba gauraye da juna, da bawul bude yatsun da lokaci zuwa Gasa. Tsirkiya - a connective nama makada. Sun gama bawul din da papillary tsokoki na zuciya. Su aiki - tabbatar da yawa tsakanin kofofin.

Iri na zuciya bawuloli

Akwai 2 iri bawuloli: da atrioventricular da semilunar. Farko - samar da musayar tsakanin ɗakuna,. Semilunar bawuloli ne zama dole ya kula da ta dace jini ya kwarara a cikin manyan tasoshin na zuciya - da lakã da na huhu jijiya. By da atrioventricular takware hada da wadannan iri bawuloli:

1. Mitral.
2. Tricuspid.

Mitral zuciya bawul haɗu da hagu atrium da ventricle. Ya kunshi 2 fuka-fuki. Tricuspid bawul aka located a kan iyakar da dama zuciya da bẽnãye. Ba kamar hagu atrioventricular bude, shi yana da uku bude yatsun. A jini pumped daga zuciya zuwa duk tasoshin na jiki, yana bukatar aortic zuciya bawul. Yana yana 3 folds: dama, hagu da kuma mayar. Da bude daga cikin huhu akwati an zubar a kanti daga dama atrium. Domin aiki a kananan da manyan wurare dabam dabam, da muhimmanci a duba aiki na duk bawuloli. Damage wa daya daga cikinsu take kaiwa zuwa zuciya rashin cin nasara.

Cututtuka na bawul na'ura

Valvular zuciya bawuloli iya zama batun daban-daban suka samu rauni. A wasu lokuta ba daidai ba tsarin da ramukan tsakanin ɗakuna,. Wannan ya nuna gaban nakasar malformations na zuciya, wanda aka kafa a lokacin da alamar shafi gabobin a cikin tayi. Domin irin wannan anomalies sun hada da:

1. Na ramin zuciya septal lahani.
2. Patent ductus arteriosus.
3. Atrial septal lahani.
4. Aortic da pulmonic stenosis.

Bugu da kari ga bawul lahani za a iya lura takaita daga cikin manyan jini, su daidai ba wuri, babu ɗakunan ajiya na zuciya, da sauransu .. A wasu lokuta, kamu mai hade da dama Mũnãnan ayyuka.

Cututtuka na bawul na'ura za a iya samu. Da suka faru a baya na kullum cututtuka cututtukan zuciya, na tsari mai kumburi tafiyar matakai. Manyan dalilan samuwar lahani hada da: endo- da myocarditis, rheumatic zazzabi, atherosclerosis, da dai sauransu By samu cuta sun hada da stenosis da insufficiency na bawuloli ... Wadannan cututtuka sau da yawa ana bincikar lafiya a cikin matasa da kuma tsakiyar-shekaru marasa lafiya.

Alamomi ga tiyata

Idan sadarwa a tsakanin cardiac cavities kakkarye, shi yana bukatar ya maye gurbin zuciya bawul. The aiki zai taimaka wajen kauce wa ci gaban Sistem gazawar. Irin wannan tiyata - wannan shi ne wani tsanani hanya cewa kawai koma ga lokacin da wasu jiyya ba kawo sakamako. Akwai wadannan alamomi ga tiyata:

1. Bayyana bawul insufficiency. Halin da cewa leaf zama mai rauni, kuma saukin Kalmomin.
2. Stenosis na bawul. Shi ne kunkuntar takware tsakanin ɗakunan ajiya na zuciya.

Prosthetics aka yi a lokuta inda bawul ne mai tsanani illa nama da kuma mayar da tsarin ba zai yiwu. A general, shi ne lura a marasa lafiya tare da m stenosis. M magani ne zama dole idan haƙuri ya ãyõyin zuciya rashin cin nasara ana kamu mai tsanani. Alamun wannan yanayin sun hada da: shortness na numfashi a sauran, syncope, angina. Har ila yau, sauyawa daga cikin bawul samar idan ta rami da aka quntata fiye da 50% da kuma kasa da 1 cm. Prosthesis aikin a kuma waɗannan lokuta inda akwai calcification na leaflets ko papillary tsokoki.

Abin da ya haddasa zuciya bawul insufficiency?

Bawul insufficiency tasowa a kan bango na kullum cutar zuciya. Yana take kaiwa zuwa canje-canje a cikin jini ya kwarara da kuma regurgitation - baya watsi da su. Rashin yin gane asali, a lõkacin da zuciya bawul ba rufe gaba daya. A wannan yanayin, da leaf zama kasa na roba. A mafi yawan lokuta, kowa aortic da mitral bawul.

Don tsayar da zuciya yin valvuloplasty. A tsanani lokuta, a bawul prosthesis. Aortic insufficiency take kaiwa zuwa sama na jini a jefa hagu ventricle. A sakamakon wannan jam'iyya na hankali zuciyar yana faɗaɗa da kuma hasarar da contractility. Rashin na mitral bawul ne halin da regurgitation na jini a cikin kogo na hagu atrium. Kowace daga cikin wadannan pathologies kai ga zuciya rashin cin nasara.

Nau'in na tiyata

Abin da idan lalace zuciya bawul? The aiki aka yi a lokuta da alama tabarbarewa na jiki. Idan zuciya rashin cin nasara da aka cika, wani ra'ayin mazan jiya far. Cututtuka na bawul na'ura Ba dole ba ne alamomi na prosthetics. A wasu lokuta matsalar za a iya shafe ta ba tare da gabatarwar da dasa. Domin m hanyoyin kan zuciya hada da wadannan:

1. Balan-balan valvuloplasty. Gudanar da fadada quntata bawul stenosis.
2. Annuloplasty. Yana da su mayar da firam ta wajen wani bawul support zobe. A nuni ga wannan aiki shi ne fadada daga cikin rami tsakanin ɗakuna, ya sa ta hanyar da gazawar.
3. } Afar roba zuciya bawul - yana da za'ayi a lokuta da lalacewar da calcification na leaflets.

A zabi na tiyata dogara da tsanani daga cikin aibi, shekaru da kuma janar yanayin haƙuri.

m valvuloplasty

Kalmar "valvuloplasty" yana nufin daban-daban ayyukan a kan bawuloli na zuciya. Irin wannan tiyata da aka yi kamar yadda a cikin nakasar anomalies jiki, da kuma a yanayin saukan samu lahani. Valvuloplasty aka yi, idan akwai stenosis ko insufficiency bawul ba tare da lalacewa da tsarinta. Har ila yau, wannan hanya na m magani aka yi a gaban contraindications zuwa prosthetics.

Mafi na kowa cardiac tiyata na aortic stenosis ko bar atrioventricular bude yana dauke da balan-balan valvuloplasty. Ya kunshi gabatar da wani musamman waya ta cikin femoral jijiya. Lokacin da tube kai bawul bude, wani balan-balan zubar a ƙarshensa, iska ne allura. Bayan nan, da catheter an cire. The aiki aka yi karkashin iko angiography. Yana ba ya bukatar janar maganin sa barci, da kuma haɗa da mãsu haƙuri ga ventilator.

A wasu lokuta, stenosis commissurotomy yi. Yana da yake a cikin dissection na Fused leaflets.

Annuloplasty aka yi a lokacin da wani bawul gazawar. A nuni ne fadada daga cikin bude yatsun ba tareda žata Organic. Likita ance wani goyan baya zobe size ake bukata da kuma gyaran gaba daya shi zuwa endothelium ta wajen seams.

} Afar roba zuciya bawul

The aiki domin maye gurbin zuciya bawul da aka yi da takaita da atrioventricular orifice zuwa 1.5 cm, aortic -. 1 cm yin amfani da daban-daban kayan matsayin prostheses. A wasu lokuta, marasa lafiya transplanted zuciya bawuloli dabbobi - aladu ko shanu. An yi imani da cewa hadarin kin amincewa da irin wannan prostheses ne m fiye da roba kayan. Wani zabin ne dasawa tiyata na huhu bawul a wuri na lalace aortic orifice. A irin wannan hanya ake yi kawai a ƙaramin marasa lafiya, tun da shi yana nufin a zahiri kalubale m hanyoyin.

Rayuwa bayan zuciya tiyata

Duk da cewa cardiac tiyata suna dauke m, su ne sau da yawa kadai hanya zuwa ajiye rayuwar mutum. Bayan da} afar roba bawul m iko yanayin haƙuri bukatar. Marasa lafiya jurewa tiyata dole dauki magani ga rayuwa, jini thinning. miyagun ƙwayoyi "Warfarin" yana nufin irin wannan kwayoyi. Wannan wajibi ne don hana samuwar jini clots a cikin wucin gadi bawul.