A sauki amsar tambayar, abin da yake mosaic

Da gidajen tarihi na zamanin d art, a wasu daga cikin mafi tsoho majami'u na Turai da kuma Asiya, kazalika da kunkuntar tituna na zamanin d garuruwan da gudanar da tsare samfurori na alfarma da art na baya, za ka iya samun ban mamaki kyakkyawa da kyawawa da, niƙaƙƙun gaɓãɓuwa na ado da kuma sauran hotuna, ya tashi daga kananan guda na dutse ko smalt - wani mosaic. Mene ne wani mosaic? Wannan ado, wuri mai faɗi ko siffar wani mutum, ba fentin launuka, kuma tattara daga kananan, kamar guda goga bugun jini, guda na halitta kayan. Su ne m, sababbu, amma duk da haka tam Fitted ga juna, wanda halitta dukan m image.

A mafi m magoya wannan art form sun Romawa. M 'yan ƙasa sun ko da yaushe aka yi wa ado da gidãjensu da mosaics, marẽmari da hanyõyi a cikin gidãjen Aljanna, dutse bencina da kuma wani filin wasa a kusa da gidan. Tare da ci gaban crafts da kuma zane-zane-mozaichniki artists ƙara honing da basirarsu. A wannan zamanin farkon Kristanci ne ma'adanin na zama mafi mashahuri a cikin kayan ado na majami'u. M misalai daga zinariya da azurfa mosaic, kuma za a yanzu za a gani a mafi Kirista wuraren bauta - sanannen babban coci birnin Aachen (Jamus), a cikin Hagia Sophia a Istanbul, a cikin haikali na Italiya da sauransu.

Zinariya da azurfa guda na smalt har yanzu emit "unearthly allahntaka" haske, kuma images of tsarkaka a kan su bango, ze quite weightless, disembodied, shawagi a sararin samaniya, wadda, babu shakka, shi ne cikakken daidai da addini duniya, wanda haka nasarar ake bayyana wannan dabara. Mosaic aka yi amfani don tsara shirin ba kawai Kirista majami'u, wannan art masterfully mallakar Musulunci artists samar da su wajen bautar musulmai.

By tsakiyar karni na sha takwas Italian sana'a koya yi kankanin guda na canza launin gilashi, wanda da gudummawar da kara raya mosaic art da kuma shigar da shi a cikin wadanda mutane rayuwa. Mene ne wani mosaic na gilashi? A gaskiya, da hanyar haifar da wani aiki na gwaninta ya kasance guda. Tiny guda na canza launin gilashi aka recessed a cikin bond matrix da halitta mai multicolored m zane. Iyakar abin da bambanci shi ne cewa gilashi ne a marasa iyaka yawan launuka, kuma gunduwoyin kasance haka kananan cewa ba don ƙirƙirar mafi dabara launi mulki. Wannan ya sa da artists don kwafe ko manyan ayyukan da Renaissance zanen.

A Rasha na farko wanda ya zama sha'awar wannan dabara, ya M. V. Lomonosov. Back a Jamus, ya yi karatu da daban-daban Properties na da gilashin, sa'an nan a Rasha amfani da wannan ilimi kuma nasa m gwaninta ya haifar da wani monumental mosaic zane-zane da kuma bude masa bitar. mosaic juna - m misalai na wannan art. Suna sanya ta dalibai da kuma Lomonosov.

Mene ne wani mosaic na yau? Modern muralist amfani da wannan dabara yadu. Mosaics ƙawata ganuwar gidajensu, dakunan da gidajen tarihi, shopping cibiyoyin, sinimomi, da dai sauransu Yanzu more kuma mafi ana amfani da baya sa na dabaru - .. Wannan shi ne inda mosaic ko da mutum wani ɓaɓɓake folded daga guda na gilashi, ko tukwane a kan tebur a taron, mai danko da zanen gado na yin burbushi takarda ko bakin ciki takarda, sa'an nan kuma canjawa wuri uwa shirye wuri domin shi kuma utaplivajut wani m bayani. Bayan da bushewa, da takardar da aka wanke kashe, da kuma a kan garu ne mosaic juna.

To, abin da yake a mosaic? Yana da wani tsoho art, wanda godiya ta zuwa ga halaye, wato gaskiya cewa kayan for mosaics ne Masterpieces na dutse da kuma gilashin, ne daban, kuma a cikin da yawa ƙarni, kuma ko da millennia, rike ban mamaki misalai na aikin Masters domin mu.