A kauyen da yawan jama'a na nekrepostnym - fari yarjejeniya

Don gane da abin da yake baki da fari shiri, yaya suka bambanta da juna, dole ne ka farko fahimci ma'anar kalma, ta asalin da kuma lokacin da Rasha fito wadannan tsarin.

Abin da matabbatarsu

Asalin kalmar "mazauna" da aka samu daga canji da kalmar " 'yanci", wanda ya bayyana ma'anar gwajin na suna. Kamar yadda shi da dangantaka da ƙauyuka, yana da sauki zaton cewa wadannan yankin abokai daga wani abu saki, mafi m, da haraji da kuma aikinsu. Ko da a cikin X-XI ƙarni na farko da aka ambata wannan lokaci. A XII-XVI ya tafi a kan ta m ci gaba, ya kai ta koli da Romanovs. Arziki na wasu amfanin a duk sau aiki a matsayin wani tutu ko dai wajen samar da sabuwar ƙasar, ko ga ci gaban kowace sana'ar kamun kifaye. Amfanin da aka bambanta, mafi yawan mazauna ƙauyuka ko kungiyoyin na ƙauyuka aka Ban daga haraji da kuma daban-daban iri soja wajibi.

gagarumin bambance-bambance

White shiri sãɓã wa jũna daga baki, wanda mazaunan ba ya kamãta da kõwa, da kuma haraji biya wa kansu. Mafi yawan waɗannan sun fatake ko sana'a. Kuma sunã guggurfãne ya birane bukatar masana'antu da kasuwanci ci gaba. White yarjejeniya da aka ƙasar da na ga wani coci, ko da mai masauki - a wadanda mutane ubangijina, wanda biya haraji ga jihar. Sau da yawa sosai, saboda haka, don gano sababbin ƙasashe - da yarjejeniyoyin da haraji da kuma aikinsu ya kasance wani tutu natsuwa. A cikin wadannan tsarin sun gwamnatoci - kewayen birni taro, an zabe magajin gari. White shiri ya matabbata sabis mutane - Gunners, Cossacks (kira Belomestny) na arable sojoji, dragoons, da sauransu. Alal misali, Musketeers District Zamoskvorechye kira saboda manyan yawan sojojin sun mayar da hankali a can.

Beloslobodskoy albarku

A blossoming fari yarjejeniya da aka kai a farkon shekaru bayan da Lokaci na matsaloli. Mutane sun gudu daga matsananciyar jihar haraji (ga townspeople a Rasha XV-XVIII c. Akwai wani yawan monetary da na halitta aikinsu) karkashin mulkin mulkin gargajiya da sarakunanku. Saboda haka, haraji a kan wasu townspeople "neobelennyh" mutanen da suke magana zuwa ƙidaya ma sharply ya karu, wanda shi ne dalilin da ke damunsu da kuma tarzoma, cikin shahararrun daga abin da yake da "Salt", wadda ta zo a zamanin da Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. Hanyar barke most birane tawaye ya unprecedented haraji ƙaruwa, musamman a kan dukiya bukata amfani. Saboda haka, farashin gishiri karu daga biyar aninai zuwa biyu hryvnia for pud.

"A'a, OPRICH sarki ..."

Mutane gudu daga jihar haraji, da kuma son rai "zakladnichestvo" karkashin mulkin mulkin gargajiya giji ya sha musantawa. A kudaden shiga ki sharply, da kuma a 1619 gudanar da Zemsky Sobor, a kan wannan batu. An yanke shawarar komawa duk sauya sheka zuwa fari ƙauyuka mutane a ƙirjin a jihar haraji. Domin cika wannan da mutane suke so yanke shawara jami'in halitta domin, bisa ga abin da maras so baya da kuma runaway townspeople sa ido da kuma aika zuwa Siberia. Haka abin ya fara da kawar da fari ƙauyuka. Kuma soma a 1649. Majalisar ta wuri ne soke su gaba ɗaya. A farkon da XVIII karni, bayan na farko da ya fara yi kofa-sa'an nan da shugaban haraji, da kuma birane sun samu majalisa, ƙauyuka aka soke gaba daya.

tarihi memory

Amma a nan da kuma can ambatar su suna kiyaye su a cikin sunan na kauye ko gundumar da babban kauye, wanda ba da kambun da haihuwa-duniya fara'a. A daukan hankali misali ne Sloboda White. Kursk yankin, inda a Belovo yanki ne administrative cibiyar kamar babu sauran, arziki a sunayen, wanda ya zo daga farko. Sloboda White kanta miƙa a kan bankunan na kogin Ilek, wanda bi da bi ne mai tributary na Psel. Kusa ne a kauyen Girya da nan kusa Railway layi ne ake kira "Lgov GEST." The sunan administrative cibiyar na tarihi White Sloboda. A nan, a 1664 zaunar Cossacks, ko, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, da "fari mutane", free daga aikinsu da kuma haraji. A general, a Rasha da kalmar da aka sosai tartsatsi - Sloboda ko Slobodka kira ƙauyuka, wanda mazaunan ba serfs. Haka kuma an kira cinikayya ko artisan garuruwa. Saboda haka, a cikin tarihin kasar don haka da yawa sunayen, wanda sun hada da ajalin - Jamus, Yamskaya, Trading, Musketeers District, da sauransu.