A ginannun irin - daya-girma tsararru

Karatu da kayan yau da kullum na shirye-shirye, da farko (ko biyu) gaba shirye-shirye saba da manufar "daya-girma tsararru." Pascal, kamar yadda sauran harsuna, damar yin aiki da irin wannan data tsarin. Jima ko daga baya akwai bukatar a ginannun ajiya na wani canji. A mafi yawan lokuta, wannan ya kafa abubuwa kasance a cikin wannan irin. Alal misali, a jerin horo kungiyar za a iya hada 25 members, wanda kowannensu yana da wani m nau'in kirtani cewa riko da sunan da sunan dalibi.

Wannan shi ne abin da damar yi a daya-girma tsararru a Pascal, wanda shi ne wani umurni da ya kafa irin wannan abubuwa. Yana iya koma zuwa wani memba na wannan jerin yin amfani da wannan ID da kuma guda index - jerin lambar. Saboda haka, wadannan iri-iri ake kira daya-girma.

Lambobin jerin abubuwa yawanci farawa a daya, Ina nufin na farko rabi yana da wani serial number 1, wanda quite ma'ana. Duk da haka, idan ya cancanta, da index kewayon iya zama gaba daya sabani, babban umurni zuwa kamar yadda fihirisa yi ko integers ko haruffa (wani tsari irin).

La'akari da hankula ayyuka na wata daya-girma tsararru:

1) Description of tsararru, inda n - yawan abubuwa a jerin, mas - irin ake sanya wani daya-girma tsararru na integers 5, A - irin m mas, Ina nufin m nau'in daya-girma tsararru na 5 integers

2) abubuwa da keyboard shigar da jerin

3) Output da jerin abubuwa a kan allo

4) Ciko jerin amfani da wani bazuwar yawan janareta

5) canji (gyara) na kowane tsararru kashi, Ina nufin canza da darajar (wani misali da wani girma akan rage kowane tsararru kashi 6)

6) Tabbatar da dalilin da adadin jerin abubuwa ne m S - Naira Miliyan Xari da abubuwa

7) Quantification na tsararru abubuwa gamsarwa a wasu yanayin (misali na kayyade yawan abubuwa, a manyan yawan 4), inda k - yawan irin wannan abubuwa

8) Tabbatar da dalilin da extremum (matsakaicin ko m da tsararru kashi), a nan min - m darajar daga cikin tsararru abubuwa, k - ordinal lamba (index) shi ne mafi karami kashi a cikin tsararru

Kamar yadda ka sani, ga duk masu canji, wanda aka bayyana a cikin sashe var shirin a Pascal shirye-shirye, wani yawan bytes a ƙwaƙwalwar aka kasaftawa a lõkacin da shirin farawa. Wannan ne m da irin na m, misali, da alama shi ne daya byte, wani irin lamba - biyu bytes, real irin - hudu bytes. Saboda haka, a lokacin da girma na cikin tsararru ne ba manyan, da shirin ba ya bukatar wani babban adadin RAM. In ba haka ba, da shirye-shiryen za su sami wasu hanyoyi don saukar da tsararru, misali, a cikin fayil ko a cikin wani heap da pointers.