Ƙididdigar aiki zai taimaka wa masu digiri na yin alhakin da zaɓaɓɓun zabi

Wanene ya kasance? Wace irin ayyukan kuke so ku yi a rayuwa mai zuwa? Wadannan tambayoyin sun sanya matasa bayan barin makaranta don zaɓar aikin da zai faru a nan gaba. Wani tare da wani yaro ya so ya zama likita ko wani malami, yayin da sauran masu digiri ne a tsaka-tsaki, ba da sanin abin da ya zama. Bayan haka, duniyar sana'a ta haɗa da kimanin dubu arba'in fannoni daban-daban. Don sanin ƙayyadadden hanyar rayuwa zai taimaka wajen rarraba ayyukan.

Hanyar J. Holland

Kasashen waje, hanyar da likitan ilimin kimiyya na John Holland ya kasance mai yawan gaske, ya gabatar da nauyin halayyar dabi'un zuwa ga wasu fasaha daban-daban. An gabatar da makircin da aka tsara a cikin nau'i na ma'auni, kowane nau'i wanda ya dace da wasu kyawawan dabi'u da halayen da suka ƙayyade irin: haƙiƙa, fasaha, ilimi, zamantakewa, kasuwanci, al'ada (al'ada da al'adun da aka yarda da ita). Wannan ƙaddamarwa na ƙwarewar tunanin mutum yana nazarin daidaitattun mutum tare da yanayin aiki na musamman.

Muhimmanci a cikin ka'idar J. Holland -. Wannan aiki gamsuwa da kuma aiki da nasara ya dogara Game da irin hali irin yanayi zaba sana'a. Ma'aikata na aiki ɗaya suna haifar da wani yanayi, daidai da ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan mutum shida. Binciken ya gano uku masu sana'a yanayi, shawarar selection for nan gaba aiki. A farko daga cikin wadannan ne mafi daidai da hali irin, da kuma na biyu da kuma na uku, wanda suke kasa da muhimmanci, za su taimake ka zabi da iri madadin jobs.

Nau'in fasahohin E. Klimov

Common dabara a cikin kasa Psychology EA Klimov, cewa kayyade janar dabara zaba sana'a. Hanyoyi hudu an bayyana: nau'in, aji, sashen, rukuni na sana'a.

Ta wannan rarrabuwa na aikin raga cikin kashi biyar yana faruwa:

1. P. Man shine yanayin rayuwa. Wadannan ma'aikata ne masu sadarwa tare da dabbobi, shuke-shuke da kuma kwayoyin halitta. Misalan misalai sune masanin ilimin kwayoyin halittu, agronomist, zootechnician.
2. T. Man - kayan (ko matattun halitta). Ayyukan ayyuka da suka shafi abubuwan fasaha. Misalan: lantarki, injiniya, masanin kimiyya.
3. C. Mutum mutum ne. Ƙwararren sana'a yana da dangantaka da ƙungiyoyin jama'a, al'ummomin mutane daban-daban da kuma bukatu. Waɗannan su ne malamai, likitoci, masu sayarwa.
4. H. Man shine tsarin alamar. Babban abubuwan aiki shine alamomi, harsuna, samfurori, lambobi. Misali shi ne masanin ilimin harshe, masanin lissafi, mai bugawa, mai shiryawa.
5. X. Mutum wani hoto ne mai ban mamaki. Irin wannan sana'a yana hade da hujjoji da abubuwan mamaki na bayyanar gaskiyar gaskiyar. Shi dan wasan kwaikwayo na ballet, mai wasan kwaikwayo, mai zane-zane.

Babban burin aikin yana rinjayar rarrabuwar cikin ɗalibai:

1. G - Gnostic (daga kalmar "ilimin");
2. П - canzawa;
3. Kuma - bincika.

Ƙididdigar ayyuka ta hanyar rubutu ya haɗa da sashi a cikin sassan bisa ga manufar:

1. Ɗaukaka aikin hannu (P);
2. Ayyukan manhaja (M);
3. Aiki na atomatik (A);
4. Ayyukan aiki (F).

Dukkan ayyuka suna rabawa bisa ga yanayin aiki a cikin ƙungiyoyi hudu waɗanda ba su da juna ɗaya kuma suna iya maimaitawa:

1. Yanayin rayuwa na al'ada - B.
2. Yin aiki a cikin iska - O.
3. Yanayi mara kyau - N.
4. Ƙãra kayan aiki da halin kirki - M.

Aiwatar da sakon layi na kwaskwarima bisa ga rarrabuwa ta hanyoyi daban-daban, yana yiwuwa a ƙayyade ƙwaƙwalwar gaba gaba ɗaya, daidai da ƙwarewar, bukatu da yiwuwar. Bayan haka, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci manufarka da manufarka a rayuwa a lokaci.