ZMZ-513: fasaha halaye, hotuna da kuma sake dubawa

Zavolzhye Engine Shuka fara aiki a farkon rabin na 20th karni. a 1950 a kan tushen da tallace-tallace, ya bayyana cewa bukatar shi ne kusan ba ya nan. A injuna bai hadu zamani da bukatun ga shigarwa a kan m wheeled da kuma sa ido motocin. Shuka management yanke shawarar ci gaba da kewayon injuna domin masana'antu na mota. Shi ne mai real nasara. Bayan duk, shi ne karon farko da akwai V-dimbin yawa cylinders a duniya. Bari mu duba asali zane siffofi ZMZ-513, motor fasaha halaye, amfani ko rashin amfani.

Overview

Samar da Zavolzhsky Shuka engine V-dimbin yawa zane umarni tura kogin. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane, saboda injuna iya fariya kyau kwarai fasaha da kuma ikon halaye. Engine da 195 horsepower ne guda biyu tare da wani 3-gudun atomatik. A wannan yanayin, da ikon naúrar iya cinye a matsayin dizal da kuma fetur da man fetur, wanda ya dace.

Saboda haka, zamu iya cewa da injuna ZMZ-513 ya zama mashahuri dabbobi. Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin rare kuma nemi-bayan gida injuna, wanda ko a yanzu an saita zuwa wani daban-daban nauyi kayan aiki. Bari mu zama mafi saba da 513th model, wanda aka dauki daya daga cikin mafi nasara a lokaci.

Zane siffofi ZMZ-513

Ga wasu masana'antu, musamman bukatun ga abin hawa giciye-kasa. Shi ne a cikin wannan harka kafa model ZMZ-513. Wannan mota da aka sanya a kan motoci kamar gas-53, 66, 3307 et al. Saboda haka, wannan tsarin shi ne ya dace domin m ga talakawan load iya aiki. Yana da daraja biya da hankali ga gaskiya cewa 513th ya ba cikakke. Yana da kyawawan muhimmanci aibi cewa tsĩrar da matsala a lokacin aiki. Gaskiyar cewa guda storey untuned ci da yawa da aka bayar domin a cikin zane. Wannan aikin injiniya bayani ya kai ga cewa a lokacin aiki na da ikon naúrar kafa kwarara pulsation. Wannan, bi da bi, adversely rinjayar ingancin da man fetur-iska cakuda.

Bayani dalla-dalla ZMZ-513

Da farko, abin da yi da zanen kaya - shi ne samar da wata musamman irin kwanon rufi da kuma tsare ta amfani da wutar lantarki, kayan aiki. Yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da engine a cikin matsananci halin wurare. Mafi sau da yawa, ZMZ-513 da aka yi amfani da soja motocin, m kayan aiki da kuma kananan manyan motoci.

Kamar yadda aka ambata a riga 'yan sama, wannan engine zane ne quite sauki, amma musamman m. Wannan V8, juz'i 4.25 lita, a 3 400 juyin / minti samar game da 97 kW, wanda ya aikata yawa. Ga waɗanda sau shi ne mai iko sosai naúrar - 125 lita. wani. Hakika, na zamani ciki konewa injuna kun yi nisa da gaba. Yanzu matsi fitar 1.5 kundin na 300 da dawakai da sauransu. Matsawa rabo - 8.5, wanda za a iya kira wani misali, amma mai amfani nan da nan da ban sha'awa. Idan recalculated a matsayin mai yawan na fetur, shi dai game da 0.5 raka'a. Duk da cewa wannan engine ya kasance daya daga cikin na karshe, wanda aka samar a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, a yau shi ne m.

Tsarin motor ƙarara

Kamar yadda aka ambata a riga 'yan sama, shi ne musamman m ikon naúrar, wanda aka tsara domin aiki a cikin matsananci yanayi. Amma shi yana da nasa drawbacks, wanda sau da yawa faruwa a mafi inopportune lokacin. Alal misali, idan mota aka sa a wani kwana, sa'an nan ya fara da engine zai zama da wuya. Dole mu kullum podgazovyvat. A cikin lebur surface babu irin wannan matsalar. Don fara a kan wani sanyi - cewa har yanzu wani kalubale. Idan Starter mota da kuma gumãkan, da kuma ciki konewa engine aka fara, sa'an nan bayan kamar wata seconds, ya stalls. Idling a irin wannan yanayi ne musamman m. An ba da shawarar zuwa rage gudu da engine, kamar yadda wannan take kaiwa zuwa auduga a shaye bututu da kuma kara da man amfani.

Sau da yawa sosai cikin hanyar da laifi a Motors ZMZ-511/513 ne a cikin gizo-gizo. Its rufi ne breathable. A shawarwarin nan ne kawai daya - mai sauyawa. Yawancin lokaci bayan cewa duk da matsalolin da bace, kuma ikon naúrar fara aiki kamar clockwork.

AMINCI a sauki

kawai 'yan hanyoyin da za ku iya cimma wani babban mataki na AMINCI:

• amfani da aka gyara na da kyau quality.
• ya rage wuya da tsarin da mota.
• inganta ingancin taro.

Abin da ya faru a cikin tarayyar Soviet? Key bayani kasance daga isasshen inganci. Amma sosai na sha wahala daga Fit. Soviet injiniyoyi kokarin yi matsakaicin ingancin zuwa ta motor aikata ba tare da wani matsaloli.

A matsayin dalilin da engine block na aluminum gami da aka yi amfani da. Tun da V-dimbin yawa engine, yana da biyu kai Silinda tare da rushewar 90 digiri. daya kawai camshaft bayar a cikin zane. Nan da nan tsakanin shugabannin zanen kaya sun sanya ci da yawa. Yana kuma kafa wani carburetor, tace da kuma wasu sauran karin tsarin. mai famfo tsaye a baya na ZMZ, a gaban - ruwa (famfo). A janareta da kuma famfo aiki via wani V-bel drive daga crankshaft.

Crankshaft da fistan

A matsayin dalilin da crankshaft ductile baƙin ƙarfe da aka yi amfani da, wanda bugu da žari doped tare da magnesium. Da zuwan wasu gyare-gyare na engine crankshaft mujallolin yi taurare. Crankpins diamita na 60 mm, da kuma tushen - 70 mm. Haka kuma, biyu mai hatimi da aka bayar a cikin tsarin, daya a gaba, na baya biyu crankshaft. A farko da aka yi tare da wata roba, samopodzhimnogo type, na biyu - daga asbestos igiyar.

Pistons 513 ZMZ-jefa aluminum gami. Su ne quite sauki a cikin zane, da wani lebur kasa. A diamita na fistan ne 92 mm, da kuma 5 gyara masu girma dabam bayar. Saboda haka, motor za a iya otkapitalit sau da yawa. A cikin fistan yana da uku Game GROOVES: biyu a karkashin matsawa zobba, daya - a scraper.

Fuel da lubrication tsarin

A farko model na wannan fanni na injuna shigar carburettors K-126, wanda kara saboda da low yadda ya dace an maye gurbinsu da K-135. Mutane da yawa mota masu suna da haɓaka shigarwa na mota ne mafi tattali man fetur tsarin. Carburetors amfani dual jam'iyya, tun kowane Silinda daga raba bẽnãye kawota man fetur. A cikin kusanci da lafiya tace located.

Saka a kan engine block daya ko biyu-yanki kaya irin man famfo. Ba safest zaɓi, amma isasshen yi da kuma maintainability. A famfo aka kore ta da motsi na da camshaft, da kuma ci da man sump Game da man fetur mai karɓar amfani. Amma tace engine man fetur. Sa'an nan ga dukan tsawon aiki na mota, muka yi amfani da wani iri-iri na tacewa. Da farko, ya kafa wani centrifugal tace da kuma full-kwarara, kuma a halin yanzu amfani da mai ciruwa tace kashi, wanda yake shi ne musamman dace da riba. Abin lura shi ne cewa wannan engine yana da matukar tasiri tsarin na kariya da man yunwa. Idan famfo aka tsaya, to, yanke fil a kan drive, bi da bi, dukan ciki konewa engine tsaya da haka yana nan cif.

Reviews masu motoci da kuma masana

Game da comments na samu direbobi, wani abu game da wannan engine, da yawa amsa gaskiya ma. A musamman, ka lura da sauki daga cikin ciki konewa engine da kuma ta wajen high hanya da ta dace da kuma goyon baya da kula dace. ZMZ-513 yawa sau uprated don amfani a kan soja motocin. M matsawa ta yi aiki a kan habaka tare da low Octane. Dukan wannan yana nuna da babban m na Soviet V-dimbin yawa da takwas.

Mutane da yawa direbobi ce cewa wannan engine ne ba tare da flaws. Amma shi mai maintainable. Saboda haka tare da dukkan zama dole kayayyakin aiki, matsalar da za a iya warware a cikin filin a kan gwiwa. Tare da zamani injuna, wanda shi ne ke da alhakin duk lantarki, wannan dabarar ba aiki. A general, 13th daga cikin direbobi son da yawa ma a yau shi ne amfani saboda ta low tabbatarwa kudin.

A kadan more game zane

Yau, shi ne sau da yawa shigar injector. ZMZ-513 tare da man fetur samar da tsarin zama mafi tattali da kuma barga. Idan carburetor a wata high zazzabi overboard kai ga fetur tafasar da zafi fiye da kima na man fetur samar da tsarin, da injectors da irin wannan matsala ne mãsu fakowa ba.

Tun da farko hanya ba haka ba ne mai girma, kuma, ko da yake ga lokaci fiye da isa, da yawa masu motoci canza mota. Don yin wannan, za mu dauki sassa daga wannan ZMZ, kawai daga baya gyare-gyare. Kashe kudi irin wannan shisshigi za a iya kimanta a matsayin cikakken overhaul, amma hanya ICE ya karu da kimanin 35%. Saboda haka, kudaden da ake kashewa da baya azumi isa.

Proper da hankali aiki

Duk wani engine yana bukatar lokaci-lokaci da kuma shirya manyan gyare-gyare. Amma idan shirya fasaha aikin dole ne a yi kowace 20,000 km, dangane da ikon naúrar, sa'an nan a lõkacin da lokacin ya zo kapitalki, shi ya dogara da direba. Don kara da rai daga cikin mota bada shawarar:

• lokacin da za a canza man a cikin tsarin da ya saka idanu ta matakin.
• lokaci-lokaci duba sanyaya tsarin su hana zafi fiye da kima;
• kokarin amfani da 513th m.

Duk wannan zai taimaka mika rayuwar da dama mota. Hakika, ya kamata mu ba ware da yiwu zane flaws da kuma masana'antu lahani. Duk da wannan ya auku, amma mafi sau da yawa fiye da 13th daga oda saboda rashin dace tabbatarwa. Sauya da man fetur, da kuma man iska tace ne a zahiri ba haka ba wuya. Amma a lokaci guda, wannan mai sauki mataki zai inganta kuzarin kawo cikas da kuma rage man fetur amfani.

ƙarshe

Ko a yau, sau da yawa sosai sa ZMZ-513 UAZ. Bayan duk, yana da fairly kananan size da kuma kadan lantarki. A kusan cikakken rashi na karshen sa shi sauki da kuma saukin ganewa don kula, har ma ga novice motorman. Wannan mota cancanci high yabo daga mutane da yawa m masana. Yana mamaki ba, ko da a yau nuna ciki konewa injuna da cewa an modified dan kadan. Wannan akalla ya nuna babban m. Bayan duk sane gaza aikin, ba wanda zai ci gaba.

A daidai wannan lokaci ya kamata mu fahimci cewa sau da yawa da inganci na cikin gida da aka gyara, da kuma sassa kamar pistons, tubalan da more, bar yawa da za a so. Saboda haka, wasu sassa aka saya daga kasashen waje masana'antun. Wannan kara kara habaka ingancin taro da engine AMINCI. A amfani da zamani sarrafa kansa kayan aiki kuma taka a manyan rawa.

A general, da ZMZ-513 engine, da halaye na wanda muka ga sun cancanci da hankali. Idan ka yi aiki da ikon shuka daidai, kada ku ƙẽtare canja lodi, da tsayar da procedural sharuddan sabis, to, shi zai bauta da aminci na dogon lokaci. Idan ya zo a lokacin da kuke bukata manyan gyare-gyare, babu wani abu ba daidai ba tare da cewa. Sassa kudin a wannan yanayin ne mai wuya ya zama a kan dubu 15 rubles.