Yakov Kostyukovsky: biography, photos, da littattafai da kuma rubutun

Blockbusters na Soviet zamanin zama a yau, har ma da na yanzu bambancin da fina-finan, mafi shahara tsakanin talakawa Russia. Dukanmu mun tuna da son film "Diamond Hannun", "Operation Y", "fursuna na Caucasus" da "incorrigible maƙaryaci", amma 'yan san cewa rubutun ga dukkan wadannan zane-zane da aka rubuta da mutum daya, marubuci, marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo da kuma marubucin songs Yakubu Kostyukovsky. Fate ya ba da wannan mutumin da wallafe-wallafen da basira da kuma m walwala da annashuwa, wanda tsĩrar da ransa.

biography

Future Soviet marubuci da aka haife shi a Ukraine a wani karamin gari da ake kira Zolotonosha Cherkasy yankin Agusta 23, 1921, a cikin wani Yahudawa iyali. The mahaifinsa shi a yakin duniya na, inda ya sanã'anta, mai daraja ne soja lambar yabo ga ƙarfin zuciya da kuma ƙaddamar. A waɗannan shekaru, da wakilan da suka zaba mutane su sami George Cross ya kusan ba zai yiwu. Wannan lambar yabo ba da yawan gata, ciki har da hakkin ya shiga da a wata babbar makaranta, mahaifinsa Yakova Kostyukovskogo samu lambar bai wa ɗan'uwansa, sai cewa ya zama likita.

Jim kadan bayan da ɗansa ta haihuwa, da iyali koma Kharkov, inda ya dauki matasa marubuci. The iyali ba bin da patriarchal Yahudawa hadisai, yaron kuma san kawai Ukrainian da kuma Rasha. Kamar yadda wani yaro, Yakubu Kostyukovsky kazalika da yawa mutane a wancan zamanin, ganin darajarsa da kuma girmama Stalin ta hali. Duk da haka, shi da uwarsa bayyana masa sosai da sauri, fiye da shi a zahiri shi ne "sanannen" shugabannin jama'a da kuma me ya sa ya gõde kowane rediyo. Kostyukovsky daga baya ya ce a cikin wata hira da cewa shi ne ya fara harkokin siyasa darasi.

Development of m damar iya yin komai

A Seme Kostyukovsky sau da yawa sosai hadu ban sha'awa, ilimi mutane, ciki har Rabbi Sandler. Wani lokaci sai ya yi magana da yaron, ya buge shi tare da su witty, dunkule ne kalamai da kuma m look. Yakov Kostyukovsky koyi karatu da headings "Izvestia" jarida, kuma abokai na mahaifinsa sau da yawa ya kawo ban sha'awa littattafai da mujallu yaron. Friendly tattaunawa game da wallafe-wallafen da kuma tarihi, kyau dara da kuma abuta - duk da wannan gudummawar da ci gaban m damar iya yin komai na yaro.

A makaranta, ya halarci wallafe-wallafen da'irar, inda ya koya game da nau'o'i, styles da kuma siffofi da aikin marubuci. Duk da yake har yanzu a dalibi, ya rubuta ga makaranta bango jarida comic labaru, kasidu, epigrams, ya ƙaunace su raba lura da jayayya tare da abokai. Iyaye kokarin ci gaba da m damar iya yin komai, kuma ya aiko da kadan Yakubu a wallafe-wallafen studio a birnin Palace of Pioneers mai suna bayan P. Postysheva. Shi ne mai musamman wuri inda dake tasowa marubuta sami kwarewa a sa'an nan-sani mawallafin NP Trubailina.

horo

Yakov Kostyukovsky tun suna yara suka sãɓã wa jũna haƙuri, da nacewa a makaranta, high school ya kammala karatunsa tare da wani ya samu lambar zinariya, kuma domin mafi girma ilimi da saurayin nan, ya tafi zuwa Moscow. Duk da babban hamayya, aka kwantar da sanannen Cibiyar Tarihin, Wallafe-wallafe da kuma Falsafa. Wannan jami'a ta horar da yawa talented mutane, amma a cikin shekaru 30 da kafa ya fita daga ni'imar da shugaban, Stalin zaton dalibai suna ciyar free tunani da siyasa liberalism. Zai yiwu ga wannan dalili, a 1939 dukan farko shekara, ciki har da Yakubu Kostyukovsky aka aiko zuwa gaban su goyi bayan sojojin tsunduma a cikin Accession na Yammacin Ukraine da Belarus.

Soja sabis ba Yakovu Kostyukovskomu invaluable kwarewa, sabon abubuwan da abokai. A shekara daga baya, da dalibai koma zuwa koleji, amma rabo ba da damar zuwa kammala karatu, Mai girma Patriotic War.

m ayyuka

Cikin dukanin yaki Yakov Kostyukovsky kasance a sahun gaba, shi ne a nan, a karkashin bama-bamai da kuma harsasai, da gaske haife na comic iyawa. Yaron nan da nan gayyace zuwa "Moskovsky Komsomolets", amma matasa marubuci tãyar da mai sosai m ga m management na topic - yadda za a mutu a karkashin harsasai na untrained mayakan. Ya labarin ya kira magabatansu fushi, kuma ya aka aika zuwa gaba, a lokacin farin ciki, da wannan lokaci kamar yadda wani yaki wakilinmu na "Komsomolskaya Pravda".

Yakov Kostyukovsky bai zama a cikin ramuka, ya rayayye halarci yakin Moscow, har ma samu lambar yabo a gasar da bambanci, ya akai-akai zo karkashin wuta fascists da aka jikkata. A cikin manyen halate saurayin bai rasa ta musamman walwala da annashuwa, saboda haka, a lokacin da wani shawarwari tare da daya daga cikin akida da shugabannin Sun kwaminis League, ya satirically kuma da gaskiya da amsa zuwa trumped-up zargin, fiye da sake aikata wani link.

Aikin a jaridu

Kostyukovsky Yakubu Aronovich matsayin sakataren zartarwa na jaridar "Ga Mahaifa, mahaifiyata!" Da zarar sake aika zuwa ga tsakiyar soja events, a nan ya rubuta na farko Skit, kuma, ba shakka, a kan soja theme. Abokai na son wannan labarin, da kuma suka miƙa matasa labaru aika aikinsa a "Ogonyok" mujallar. Akwai Skit ma zo dandana edition, kuma nan da nan wani sharhin, an ɗauko aka buga kawai a lokacin da Jamus gaba a Moscow. Tare da wannan mujallar za ta zama saboda abubuwa da yawa a cikin rai na Yakova Kostyukovskogo, inda daga baya ya gana da M. M. Zoschenko kuma S. K. Oleshey, marubuta a hade ƙirƙirar wani Almanac "dariya - mai tsanani."

Bayan da yaki, marubucin ya koma zuwa ga edita "Moskovsky Komsomolets", inda ya ci gaba da wallafe-wallafen aiki. Ya rike wani yawan manufofin da sababbin abubuwa a cikin jaridar, don haka ya sanya wani m shafi "M amma gaskiya". Yakova Kostyukovskogo labarai fara bayyana cikin wasu Soviet mujallu "kada", "Pepper" et al., Kuma a shekarar 1952 aka kwantar da kungiyar Writers na Rasha.

Aiki tare da sauran mawallafa

Bayan barin aikin jarida, yafi saboda da girma anti-Semitism a cikin Soviet jama'a, Kostyukovsky Yakubu Aronovich tare da wani riga-kafa da kuma sanannun marubuci ve Bahnovym fara aiki tare. Fitar da su daga alkalami daga ayoyi, satirical waqe, satires, almara da kuma reprises. Aikinsu ne halin high matakan da m harshe, witty jũya, sun hada kai tare da mafi shahara artists na Soviet music. Ga misali, an rubuta ta Kostyukovskgo rike da dama shahara jawabai Tarapulki da kuma toshe dakuna actor A. S. Belova da sauransu. D.

A sakamakon su m Duo sun zama da ɗan mnogoaktovyh taka "Casual ci karo da" (1955), "The Littafi ba tare da tãtsũniyõyin" (1960) da sauransu. A karshe haɗin gwiwar ya fim "free harbi" (1963).

Aiki tare da L. Gaidai

Ganiya rubuce-rubuce aiki Kostyukovskogo Yakova Aronovicha zo a cikin 60s, lokacin da ya sadu satirist MR Slobodsky kuma mashahuri fim darektan Leonidom Gaydaem. Wannan m uku ya ba da Rasha mutane ne kuka fi so fina-finai, ya dade da zama litattafansu: "Operation Y da kuma Sauran Kasadar Shurik" (1965), "fursuna na Caucasus" (1967) da kuma "The Diamond Arm" (1969).

Yankin jumloli na wadannan zane-zane ya ambaci mazauna tsohon Tarayyar Soviet, short, funny, kuma m, suka sauri tafi zuwa ga mutane. Conciseness ya rarrabe da m Yakova Kostyukovskogo. Scripts, litattafan, shayari kuma satires na marubuci ya zama real taska Rasha al'adun XX karni.

idiosyncrasy

Ya ci mutumci da aka kira mutumci Sage, don haka irin da kuma Tsayayyar images juya Shurika, bullies ko gazawar smugglers. Kostyukovsky an tashe a kan dariya da Ilf da Petrov, da kai tsaye malamai sun Emile Short kuma Nikolai Erdman, da Masters na Soviet m wallafe-wallafe. A marubuci da kansa ne quite m aikinsa marubuci, ya lura da cewa, idan wasan kwaikwayo ne har yanzu yiwu ga gyara a kasa yanki da kuma gwada shi a cikin gaba play, da movie duk rubuta sau daya kuma ga dukan.

Yakov Aronovich jaddada cewa, duk aka sani phrases daga shahararrun fina-finai da aka ƙirƙira a sake, kuma ba su riƙi daga sauran kafofin ko labarbaru. Tare da Slobodsky Gaidai kuma suka kokarin gane manufa dabara na bushe da dariya, domin cewa ya zama dole mu fahimci cewa funny daya, da kuma wasu na iya ba son. Kuma, mafi muhimmanci, da wargi dole ne "live", daura da real m halin da ake ciki.

littattafai

Yakov Aronovich bai yi aiki ba don lambobin yabo da kuma fitarwa, yayin da burin da aka sauki - don aiwatar, rubuta abin da kuke so game da dukan kõme. Ya zarar ya ji da farin ciki na m aiki, saboda ya rubuta daga makaranta. Lucky da Institute, a institute mulki quite a free ruhu, poetic yanayi da kuma abuta. Amma daga karshe ayyana aiki Kostyukovsky taimake yaki. A nan, a cikin yanayi na tsoro da kuma jin zafi, da ceto ba zai iya samun shi a mutumci.

Ya fara da karamin reprise marubuci, m labarbaru, almara da kuma labarbaru, kawai daga baya tare da haɗin gwiwar ve Bahnovym daga cikin littafin Yakova Kostyukovskogo "Za ka iya koka game" (1951), "The Littafi ba tare da tãtsũniyõyin" (1960), "zauna wurin da ku" (1954, ). Amma yawanci yana aiki ne a cikin kananan size, wanda a cikin 'yan kalmomi nuna da wani lokacin da zurfi ƙwarai tunani. Wadannan su ne shahararrun "Mamuarazmy" Yakova Kostyukovskogo, wadannan records nuna daban-daban al'amurran rayuwa a cikin wucewa epoch, nan da marubuci kawo dace lura da karshe nuna masa tsawon rai. ya kira su "gami unpretentious memoirs da kuma sauki hauka."

katsalandan matsaloli

Duk da yanayi na 'yanci da sauki a dukkan fina-finan da kuma littattafai, da Yakubu Aronovich ƙwarai sha wahala daga Soviet katsalandan monitoring jikinsu. Ko da a cikin makaranta ya m satirical dariya sa rashin biyan bukata daga cikin makaranta jagoranci, a lokacin yaki ya humorously bayyana kungiyar na sojojin disadvantages cewa ma kullum ya kai ga rikice-rikice. Duk da haka, mabiya na gurguzu dabi'u bai daina Yakova Kostyukovskogo. "Diamond alkalami" Sarkin Comedy, kamar yadda wani lokacin ake kira marubuci, bai tsaya wallafe-wallafen aiki.

All zane-zane Gaidai wuya shawo kan gwamnati yin katsalandan, yawanci kowane tef gudanar da dama lokutta inda na farko amince da 'yan wasan kwaikwayo, sa'an nan da rubutun, tace da sauransu. D. Niggles wauta da kuma m, kamar da "Diamond Hand" a cikin jumlar Nonna Mordyukova "Na yi mamaki ba, cewa mijinki ya halarci majami'a! "," majami'a "da aka maye gurbinsu da" farka. " Kullum hukuma, suka ce, ba su son farfaganda na Yahudawa tambaya. A shahara jumlar na Shurik "Dole ne mu, Fyodor, dama!" Aka sani a matsayin mai sha'awar denigrate da marubuta na Cuban Jagoran juyin juya halin Fidel Castro, wanda a wasu da'irori kira "Fyodor".

ban sha'awa facts

Mutane da yawa matasa kada ku ce wani photo Yakova Kostyukovskogo gaba daya kome, wannan mutum shi ne ba a cike view of talakawa, kuma duk da haka, 'ya'yan itãcen aikinsa ne saba da duk wani Rasha mutum. Bayan duk, dole ne mu san su heroes, a mutum, don haka kusan kowa da kowa iya Quote "Diamond Hand" ko "Operation Y", amma suna da marubucin wadannan blockbusters iya ba kowa da kowa.

A marubuci ya yi girma har a wani maras patriarchal Yahudawa iyali, amma a tsawon shekaru ya fara lura da wani na son samun sanin tarihi da zafi daga mutãnensa. Sam Yakubu Aronovich joked cewa ya ji a kowace shekara a mafi Yahudawa.

Bugu da kari ya ƙunshi fina-finai, Kostyukovsky rubuta rubutun ga dama majigin yara, ciki har da "Lokaci Machine" (1967), "The sabon babban matsala" (1976) da kuma "Daga cikin gandun daji na Pine" (1974).

A marubuci yana da uku awards for soja nasarori, ciki har da lambar yabo "Gama tsaron na Moscow" da lambar "Ga Nasara a kan Jamus". Marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, ya mutu a shekarar 2011. Aka binne shi a hurumi Vagankovsky.