Valeriy Fedorovich Bykovsky. Cosmonaut. Work, juriya da kuma sa'a

Halayen da suka wuce na kasar mu a daban-daban mutane ne shubuha. Amma komai tarwatsa ra'ayoyi cewa Tarayyar Soviet ta tarbiyyantar da wani karfi, talented, ban mamaki mutane, da heroes ne ba kawai lokaci - wani indisputable gaskiya. Our kasa ta farko da ta tsanani shiga a cikin kai tsaye nazarin halittu. Cosmonaut Valery Bykovsky, wanda biography - wani m jerin lambobin yabo da kuma nasarori, a m wakilin kasa Gungu na babbar jama'a.

Yau Valery Fedorovich tamanin, shi ne na gaisuwa da kuma sada zumunci. Tare da murmushi da kuma dabara alamu na bakin ciki ne shared tare da mabiya kwarewa, ilimi da kuma nasarori.

yara

Agusta 2, 1934 a cikin iyali Bykovskikh haife yaro, wanda aka qaddara domin ya zama wani shahararren xan sama jannatin. jariri ta iyali da aka sa'an nan da suke zaune a Pavlovsky Posad. Uba Fyodor - wani tsohon jami'in KGB, ma'aikaci na ma'aikatar layukan dogo. Uwarsa, Klavdiya, duk lokacin da kishin iyali da kuma gida.

Valery Fedorovich ba kawai yaro a cikin iyali, yana da wani mazan 'yar'uwar Margarita Fyodorovna (a cikin aure Mikheev).

Bykovskii yaro ya canza biyu makarantu. Ya farko halarci makaranta a Soviet ofishin jakadancin a Tehran, kuma tun bakwai sa, ya yi karatu a Moscow.

Tun suna yara, ya raved game da taurari da sararin sama Valery Bykovsky. Cosmonaut ya fara gagarumi aiki tare da cewa wani saurayi ya shiga Moscow Sahihi Club. Sa'an nan nasarar sauke karatu daga jirgin sama makaranta a Penza yankin. Shi ne sai da shekaru 19 da haihuwa.

Ilimi da kuma na farko da kwarewa

Bykovskii cosmonaut ya fara aiki na aerokuluba ko "pervonachalki" kafin samun digiri. M motsa jiki a kowane yanayi, da farko tashi kwarewa da kuma tallafi daga cikin mafi muhimmanci yanke shawara a rayuwa - shi ne abin da ba shi da Moscow Sahihi Club. Valery Fedorovich halayyar ƙunshi mafi girma accolades. Malamai ma sun gaskata cewa wannan uchlet son zuwa tashi, sa shi gabagaɗi, da kuma amincewa, kimiyya san da babbar sha'awa da kuma nuna himma. Barin ta farko jirgin makaranta, Bykovsky (jannati a nan gaba) Ya daidaita yanke shawarar shigar da makaranta na jirgin saman soja matuka.

Nazarin a Kachin Soja Aviation School, ya halitta mafi rikitarwa da kuma tsanani. Practical zaman da aka gudanar a wani m taki, amma Valery Fedorovich ya lokaci, ya so kuma ya ba wani kyau sosai binciken. All halaye sanya hannu ne kawai tabbatacce feedback: Hardy, da kyau daidaitacce, himma. All alamomi ga ka'idar da yi - "m."

ofishin

Ta hanyar juriya da kuma aiki Bykovskiy na V sassa da sauri samu nasara. Azumi isa m leftana aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga interceptor rundujar soja masu dawaki. Valery Fedorovich tuno yadda da aiki, iska hare-hare, fama tashin hankali da kuma bayanin kula da yadda muhimmanci shi ne a ji da mutanen da suke kusa da ku, amince da su. Lokacin da, a sashi, ya tafo zuwa ga MIG, na da kashi 100 tabbata a kan jirgin, godiya ga kokarin da Konkova kayan aiki.

Shekaru masu yawa na kwarewa da kuma kyau gwarazansa samu a shekaru na sabis gaba jannati Bykovsky. Tarihinsa za a updated tare da dukan more m da kuma gagarumin nasarori ga kasar. Valery Fedorovich daga yara a wasanni: kwallon kafa, guje guje, wasan zorro. Babu kasa fascinated da wasanni littafin. Sana'a da ilimi da kuma kai-da ilimi Valery Fedorovich gane a matsayin daya daga cikin muhimman abubuwa a cikin rayuwa, don haka farin ciki fahimta da bangarori daban-daban na ilimi. Kuma a cikin Soviet sojojin a cikin da'irar kamar shiryayye mutane, kamar matasa, aiki, da kuma motsa matuka, ya ci gaba da motsa jiki da kuma kai-kyautata.

unearthly gwaje-gwaje

Kowane Soviet yaro mafarkin na zama gwarzo, bauta wa motherland, ya yi nasara da kololuwa da kuma gano da ba a sani ba, fãce da aka ba da Bykovsky. Cosmonaut a cikin rai da rai na matukin jirgin, ya yanke shawarar da ya yi kokarin hannunsa kuma ya aika da jirgin kasa zuwa cikin mafarki.

A farko gwajin, wanda ya gudu Valery Fedorovich - Medical Hukumar. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa likitoci gudanar da zabin da ba yabo ga tashi, hankali sosai, tsaurara, kuma m. Idan akwai ko da dan karkata daga so sigogi, damar yin amfani da jiragen ba. Medical Domin matukan jirgin, 'yan saman jannati, da kuma ma fiye da haka, ana gudanar a kai a kai. Tashin hankali da kuma tashin hankali a likitoci 'ofisoshin karuwa. Ta yaya da yawa mutane raba can tare da mafarki! Amma Bykovskii wuce mataki na farko da sauƙi, tare da kawai buri na nasara da kuma amincewa murmushi likitoci.

A mataki na biyu - kwaikwayo na yiwu yanayi a sarari. A saboda wannan dalili ya zama dole auku gwajin na daban-daban simulators, shigarwa a cikin masallãci. Dissemble da kuma yaudarar yanayi da likitoci ba zai iya zama kowa. Zabi kawai da karfi, mafi m da lafiya. Saboda haka ya Bykovsky. Amma cewa shi ne kawai farkon mai wuya hanya.

Family cosmonauts a Star City

The Star City Cosmonaut m gwamnatin: wasanni, danniya, azuzuwan, motsa jiki da kayan aiki, Medical. New ma'aikatan da aka sosai m, jure wahaloli da yawa, kuma sadaukar. Sanya hannu gwarazansa zabe mataimakin sakatare na kwamitin Komsomol. Damuwa Valery Fedorovich muhimmanci ƙãra, fãce ta mayar da ransa mafi ban sha'awa da kuma aukaka. A yawa na abokai da kuma mai kyau aboki samu a wadannan shekaru Bykovsky. Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin da sauran daidai sanannun mutum don horar da shi a cikin Star.

Daya daga cikin mafi kalubale simulators ga duk gaba 'yan saman jannati - yara. Ta samu wani obalodi damar da mutum kwayoyin, kuma Bykovskii nuna babban sakamako a kan shi. Ya sauri ƙware da darussa da shawara na kocina, likitoci, ta haka ne yin gagarumin ci gaba.

Daya daga cikin mafi ban sha'awa da ayyukan da aka watakila zauna a weightlessness. A mafi m, ya yi tsammani Valery Bykovsky (jannati) - wajen samar da halaye ya zama shi kadai. A kadaici jam'iyya da girman da rabin murabba'in mita, inda, baicin kida da kujera su ne kawai abinci da kuma littattafai, dole ne ya fuskanci abin da jiran shi a sarari. Ya yi aiki, suna ta raira waƙa, ya sanar shayari, karanta littattafai, da gina tebur. Fiye da kwana uku dade farko predkosmicheskoe Loneliness. Bykovsky ne farkon wanda ya kasance a cikin kadaici jam'iyya.

tashi

Da farko spacewalk Valery Fedorvovich sanya a kan m jiragen ruwa "Vostok-5". Kusan kwanaki biyar ciyar a sarari kwamandan Bykovsky, a 1963. Na biyu jirgin, a kan jirgin cikin "Soyuz-21", a 1976, inda ya kasance ma shugaban, ya dauki ko da more lokaci - 189 hours. The uku jirgin, a kan jirgin cikin "Soyuz-31", a shekarar 1978, tsawon lokacin shi ne wannan.

20 kwanaki 17 hours, a total na uku jirgin ya ba a kan duniyarmu jannati Bykovsky. Photo da Valery Fedorovich ƙawata jaridu, cibiyar Board na Tarayyar Soviet. Kowane yaro ya so ya zama kamar shi. Kuma har yanzu yana ba gaji da maimaita kalmomin mahaifinsa: "Aiki - sanda da cewa riko da duk abin da a wani mutum."