Tsara don sa'a cibiyar sadarwa - abin da yake da shi?

A duniya ta yau muna duk kasance iya raba ban sha'awa bayanai da takardun tare da abokai da sauran mutane. Da muhimmanci musamman a wannan batun, da Internet, domin shi ne mai duniya cibiyar sadarwa da yake ba mu da yawa da dama ga wannan irin musayar.

Daban-daban na bayanai da kuma aika ta hanyoyi da dama. Alal misali, a yau mai Popular peering cibiyar sadarwa (P2P), wanda shi ne na musamman a cikin ikon canja wurin kusan duk wani adadin bayanai. Amma, ba shakka, wannan ba kawai yankin inda wannan fasaha ne da gaske a bukatar. Alal misali, ya dogara ne a kan shi ya halicci yawa gungu ga rarraba sarrafa kwamfuta ta amfani da ikon m kwakwalwa.

"Da'a" gefen batun

A general, wani aiki "demonized" peering cibiyar sadarwa a 'yan shekarun nan. Wannan shi ne "m" a cikin sharuddan na samun ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma unlicensed ciki, sai ka ce a cikin kusan dukan kafofin watsa labarai.

Wannan kawai 'yan jarida ko ta yaya shamefully shiru, wanda ba kasa da 70% na zirga-zirga daga P2P yarjejeniya da asusun for cikakken m masu amfani da ko da duka kamfanonin da cewa kawai sauke su sabobin, shafe data musayar memba kwakwalwa. A sauki misali: dogon lokaci "snowstorm", shi Blizzard za a yin amfani da wadannan hanyoyin sadarwa na abokin ciniki updates guda "Warcraft" da sauran wasanni. Bukatarsa ce, a yawan bayanai a kan 'yan wasa daga ko'ina cikin duniya akwai aka generated!

Amma a cikin wannan labarin, za mu a sa'a-duba shi ta fuskar liyafar da kuma watsa fayiloli a matsayin talakawa masu amfani, wannan al'amari na batun mafi kusa.

Mafi na kowa shirin

Lalle ne kowane mai amfani a kalla ji na wasu daga cikin utilities, wanda matsakancin fayil musayar. Kowa ya san μTorrent da eMule, Shareaza, KaZaA da sauran, wanda aka kullum da aka ambata dangane da canja wurin da wasu bayanai a kan Internet. Duk da haka, za mu yi kokarin gaya musu mafi umarnin. Saboda haka, abin da yake mai tsara cibiyar sadarwa? Mene ne kimiyya deciphering wannan ra'ayi?

definition

Za mu iya cewa nan da nan bayan kafa na kwakwalwa mutane rikita batun a matsayin yadda za a danganta su a cikin guda tsarin. Yana da aka zarar ƙirƙira da fasaha na gida networks, rayayye yi amfani da wannan rana. Amma wannan hanyar cudanya kwakwalwa a guda "kwayoyin" yana da nasa drawbacks. Alal misali, a mafi yawan lokuta, wasu inji Mun ɗaukakã gata, shi ne halatta ba ko da yaushe.

Shi ne don magance irin wannan "wariya" da kuma aka kirkiro da wata tsara cibiyar sadarwa, kowane kwamfuta a kan wanda shi zai iya ba kawai sami amma kuma a aika da bayanai, yayin da aiki a matsayin uwar garke kuma abokin ciniki. More kowa raguwa P2P (tsara-to-tsara), cewa English za a iya fassara a matsayin "tsara-to-tsara". Irin wannan sadarwa suna kira rarraba.

Ka'idodi na aiki

Kowaccen - idin. Su suna da ha a duniya tsarin, a cikin wanda watsa wani bayani. Daga cikin misali model, wanda yana da uwar garke kuma abokin ciniki, sa'a to sa'a fayil-sharing networks ne halin da su high survivability: ko da kuwa da yawan aiki takwarorina, suka riƙe cikakkun ayyuka. Bugu da kari, akwai wani bayyane dogara a kan damar da uwar garke.

Bari mu ba da wani "gani" misali na transfer na karamin fayil a cibiyar sadarwa. Data yana daukar kwayar cutar a kananan chunks kira fakitoci. Kowane fayil ne zuwa kashi a jam'i na wannan kunshe-, wanda aka sauke to da mai amfani da na'ura. The domin na samu na musamman ba kome.

Ba kamar misali cibiyar sadarwa

A cikin hali na wani al'ada cibiyar sadarwa yana da wani uwar garke, kuma fayil cewa za a iya sauke daga can. Speed data saye zai kasance a kai tsaye rabo biyu da uwar garke ta bandwidth, kazalika daga kãyansa a kowace lokaci. Kawai sa, idan kana da wata babbar dama masu amfani, kowanne daga wanda aka sa'an nan "jan" daga uwar garken, da upload gudun iya kullum sauke zuwa sifili.

Idan uwar garke kuma ya aikata wani abin da ya faru, to, duk da bayanai zai zama nan da nan samuwa a gare ka. Kuma ku yi aiki tare da wani tushen bincike, daga abin da zai yiwu a sauke da bayanai.

A abũbuwan amfãni daga tsara don sa'a canja wurin bayanai model

Ina cikakken aiki peering cibiyar sadarwa. Abin da ake nufi? Da fari dai, ba ka bukatar zuwa neman wani musamman uwar garke wanda aka yada da ake bukata fayil. Isar da shi na musamman site to sami fayil ko maganadisu mahada, wanda nuna ta zama. Za ka iya sauke shi za a yin amfani da musamman shirin, wasu daga abin da muka ambata a sama. Kuma babban bambanci zai zama cewa download zai iya faru lokaci guda tare da daruruwa da dubban irin wannan kafofin.

Mun riga lura da cewa a cikin wadannan cibiyoyin sadarwa kowane kwamfuta iya kashe a lokaci guda kuma da aiki na cikin uwar garke, amma saboda kowane sashi ne na kowa da kowa. Kawai sa, idan wasu takwarorina ba zato ba tsammani samuwa, iya ko da yaushe taimaka fita sauran mutane ta kwakwalwa, wuya tafiyarwa wanda zai lalle ne tabbatar da bayanin da ake buƙata.

Wasu rashin tsara don sa'a model

Mun akai-akai jaddada cewa, babban yanki na amfani na irin wannan networks ne ka musanya data. Oddly, amma a duniya kusan ba ya faruwa kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama mana peering cibiyar sadarwa. Menene wannan yake nufi? Gaskiyar cewa gargajiya model yana da ba kawai da yawa abũbuwan amfãni amma kuma wasu m disadvantages.

A mafi rigima factor shi ne bukatar samun da cibiyar sadarwa na takwarorina da suke da wannan fayil da kuma cewa su ne a kan hanyar sadarwa a lokaci guda. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa matasan model an halitta. Yana yana da wani irin sabobin, amma su ne alhakin ba kawai domin watsa bayanai, kamar na search for aiki masu amfani da cewa suna da bayanai nemi da ku. Kusan duk zamani tsara networks aiki ne ta hanyar amfani da wannan matasan model.

Don zama wani cikakken fledged da cikakken takara a cikin irin wannan tsarin, za ka bukatar ka shigar a kwamfutarka musamman abokin ciniki software, wanda zai zama alhakin gano free takwarorina da zama dole data. Ka lura da cewa akwai wani ba peering cibiyar sadarwa. Menene wannan yake nufi?

The most da kuma rare online fayil-sharing

Ya kamata a tuna cewa a kan Internet akwai daruruwa da dubban karami, na gida networks, yawa daga waɗanda aka goyan bayan ko da yankin azurtawa. An kyau kwarai misali ne MTS peering cibiyar sadarwa. Hakika, duk suka yi amfani da classic ko matasan model ayyukansu, batun guda ka'idodin ba, amma zai iya amfani da wani gaba ɗaya daban-daban watsa bayanai ladabi, da kuma kawai game da wani software da kuma muna ba da magana.

The most da aka sani a duniya, su ne wadannan P2P networks:

• ED2K. Watsa bayanai ne da za'ayi ta MFTP yarjejeniya. A abokin ciniki - sanannun shirin eMule. Tuni a shekarar 2005, da aikin ne a Jihar "kullum mutuwa", amma idan dai da hanyar sadarwa ta ci gaba da aiki stably, ko idan data watsa gudun azumi bai ba su suna ba.

• BitTorrent. Zai yiwu mafi m kashi tsara tsarin da, a cikinsu, wata babbar lamba na masu amfani da babban gudun. Yana yana da babban adadin abokan ciniki, da suka hada da "almara» uTorrent, BitComet, da kuma da dama daga wasu.

• Direct Haɗa. A mafi takamaiman embodiment, a lokacin da ake Dandali kafa ta wasu mutane, ta amfani da wani iyakance (mun gwada) kewayon masu amfani. Wannan tsarin shi ne musamman rare a matsayin gida cibiyar sadarwa naka. Babban abokin ciniki - DC ++.

• Gnutella. A nan ne real net peering tsarin. Yana yana amfani da wani musamman canja wurin bayanai yarjejeniya da aka halitta da Nullsoft, da developer na sanannun (amma matattu) "Winamp". Wanda a cikin wannan hali yana amfani da wani abokin ciniki tsara don sa'a networks? Known shirin Shareaza, LimeWire da sauransu.

• FastTrack. Haka kuma an halin da "tsarki" model na P2P networks, amma fayil-sharing iya shiga kawai ne ga waɗanda kwamfutar da cewa suna da full version. Shirin - KaZaA, mlDonkey.

Menene babban abũbuwan amfãni daga wadannan ayyuka? Yana da sauki - ba saitin sa'a to sa'a cibiyar sadarwa, ba a bukatar. Saka da shirin, je a kan "Magnetic" mahada da kuma ... voila, da fayil fara rock!

Basic dokokin fayil sharing

Shan la'akari da ƙayyadaddu daga waɗannan hanyoyin sadarwa, ba abin mamaki ba kasancewar wani wajen wuya da kuma sauri dokoki da suna sosai kyawawa don tsayar. Mafi yawa daga cikinsu sauki da kuma ma'ana. Non-biya ka fuskanci cikakken kawar da musayar tsari, wanda entails rashin samun zama dole bayani.

Mun sha bayyana cewa tushen wannan tsarin shi ne da manufa na daidaici da duka mahalarta ba. Yana bi da cewa kana bukatar ka ba kawai download amma kuma ba bayani. A ka'ida, shi ne kusan kadai ake bukata kafun. Ba ka so? To, sa'an nan ka sabis - M bayanai musayar ayyuka, gina a kan masana'antu-misali gine abokin ciniki uwar garke.

Wannan kawai wani shirin domin tsara don sa'a networks (da dukan da abũbuwan amfãni) a cikin su ba ya aiki, da kuma sauke fayil za ka iya fara ne kawai bayan da biyan bashin, ko duba wata katuwar adadin talla, da kuma gudun a lokaci guda zai zama m.

Yana da kyawawa don yin musayar?

Yana da matukar kyawawa, da sauke wani fayil, ba shi a matsayin daidai girma na bayanai. Matsayin mai mulkin, idan mai amfani ne kawai downloads, amma kome ba, da tsarin za a iya gabatar da "fenariti", samar da cikakken wariya na yiwuwar samun sabon fayiloli. Kulle za a iya amfani da ko da ta IP ko MAC adireshin. A musamman, wadannan daban-daban peering cibiyar sadarwa "Beeline".

Kullum, mu shawara da ka yi amfani da wadannan, yana da cikakken ma'ana da kuma adalci sharudda:

• A cikin wani hali, kada share fayil, kawai kammala ta download. Idan akwai yiwuwar, idan dai kana iya ci gaba da shi a kan rumbun kwamfutarka.

• Kuma ba zai iya matsar da ko sake suna da fayiloli, kamar yadda a cikin wannan hali, da sauran masu amfani kuma za ta zama kasa samun su.

• A wani hali ba rashin sanin cikakken farashi gudun artificially outbound tashar. Hakika, irin wannan canja wuri zuwa wasu har, load rumbunka da tsarin da kanta, amma kada ta kasance ta jin kunya daga sauran mutane ta bukatun.

• Ba ciwo ya ci gaba da dozin wasu rare kwamfuta fayil, domin ya kula da tsarin.

Copyright kambun: ba mu bayar da shawarar a raba pirated software ko wani abu kamar haka ba. Za ka iya ko da yaushe kawai a barka, idan mai amfani ne da hannu a cikin metabolism na rabawa na wannan "Linux", kamar yadda offloads da sabobin na kamfanonin da cewa an riga sau da yawa da suke zaune a wasu kyaututtuka da kuma aiki na musamman a kan wani na son rai bisa!

game da Copyright

Mun riga lura da cewa, tsara sadarwa a 'yan shekarun nan an hade na musamman tare da' yan fashin teku. Kuma sau da yawa wannan hali quite barata, tun masu amfani download massively ba daidai ba ... Ga mafi yawan pirated ciki ne gaba daya isasshen kuma free sauyawa. Koyaushe tuna da wannan!