Stalkers - su waye ne? The kalmar "stalker" da kuma tarihin da ya faru

Fara magana game da irin wannan manufar da stalker, tantama ba daidai ba to ka yi kokarin sanin ko ainihin ranar, shekara, wata da rana, amma idan magana ta zo cikin yin amfani adam da kuma daina zama surkulle. Dalilin wannan shi ne quite sauki - da bambanci da kimiyya sharuddan, kamar wani ma'aunin zafi da sanyio, a microbe, electron, kuma haka a kan, manufar "stalker" a matsayin irin aiki ya samo asali da yawa da suka wuce ƙarni ... A gaskiya, irin wannan mutum dole ne gudanar da wani asiri, gefen shigar azzakari cikin farji na da wani abu (dabarun, kasuwanci, masu zaman kansu) da daban-daban dalilai: daga cikin saba lura ga sace-sace da ma da kashe. Hakika, yanzu manufar "Stalker" (wanda shi ne, za mu duba a cikin wannan labarin), ya zama mafi m. Shi ne kawai da gamsuwa na bincike mai ban sha'awa. Ƙarni a baya, shi ya na da wani m m hali, irin wadannan mutane da aka kira kisankai, yunkurin zagon kasa, da sauransu. D. The nassi na lokaci hankali bambanta da sauki Explorer kuma Scout.

Ana zargin ajalin

Ƙoƙarin sanin ainihin ranar da "stalker" kalma a matsayin wani aiki mara amfani da kuma wanzuwa ga kasa - shi ke da wani al'amari. Duk da haka, idan muka yi la'akari da lokacin da na asalin kalmar kansa, sa'an nan a can ne za ka iya saita m iyaka. A ji a cikin Soviet mutum, ajalin bayyana a cikin lokaci daga 1970 zuwa 1980. Wannan shi ne saboda a saki da labari da Strugatsky 'yan'uwa' bakin hanya Fikinik "da m saki sci-fi movie" Stalker ".

Zama - adventurers ko matsala

Abin da ake nufi da zama a stalker a kan yanayin da ayyukan? A takaice amsar da aka bai sama, shi wajibi ne don bayyana kome a cikin daki-daki. Bi da mazan azuzuwan mutane matching da bayanin irin topic wannan labarin, shi ne ba da ma'ana saboda da irrelevance da tsaransa. Stalking guda kwanan wata, kamar yadda gani a baya, shi dogara ne a kan shigar azzakari cikin farji, duka shari'a da kuma bisa doka, da kuma nazarin watsi, derelict gine-gine mutane da kuma yankuna. Kuma ma samun a kan sosai aiki masana'antu abubuwa: masana'antu, kasuwanci ko kare yankunan (sananne wariya Zone). Stalker - shi ne ma mai leken asiri a cikin kunkuntar ji.

Har ila yau, wannan "sana'a" ba kawai a iya shiga wani abu a domin tabbatar da "zan iya" da kuma samun wani harbi na adrenaline, amma kuma don zalla ado kwaikwayo. Alal misali, don tsayar da birni da makiyayarta. Wadannan manufofin ne, a cikin babban, mutane bi m hasken dake fitowa ta, dõmin nẽman yin wahayi a sabon abu wuraren, da kuma abubuwa. Wannan abin da mai stalker wayewar.

Nau'in da terminology

Tasowa, da kuma samun karin kuma mafi shahararsa a duniya, da na halitta rassan sun zama daban-daban daga cikin saba stalking. Irin wannan gudana, akwai a kalla biyar:

• Stalkering - wani abu da wanda ya fara fitowan da wannan al'ada. Yana da su ziyarci watsi da mutane daban-daban domin dalilai, gidaje, da dukan mazaunan yankuna da fatalwa garuruwa (sananne Pripyat). A wadannan "ke tafiya" da aka aiko, mafi yawa masu daukan hoto stalkers. Wãne ne wanda duk sarari: wadanda suke so su kama da gine-gine da cewa sun dade ba a amfani da mutum.

• Infiltration - batun da yake ma a iya shiga wani ƙasa, sai dai cewa irin wannan kamfen mafi hatsari. Tun da abu na nazari zama mai kariya yankin, da mutum gaban wanda ake dangantawa da wani daban-daban mataki na kasadar zuwa kiwon lafiya da kuma rayuwa (daban-daban shuke-shuke, tukunyar jirgi shuke-shuke, substations da sauransu. D.). Shi ne mai matukar hatsari zama, wanda, duk da haka, kawai zai dinga yawa masu neman sabo harbi na adrenaline.

• Yin rufi, wanda shi ne burin da hawa kan rufin gine-gine, sau da yawa a cikin Metropolitan yankunan - domin dudduba da view of birnin daga sama. Har ila yau, misali, zuwa titi art ko daukar hoto makõmarku shimfidar (wurãren fitar rãnã da sunsets, wanda, ba shakka, kyau look tare da high gine-gine, wanda ba su tsoma baki).

Zaka kuma iya zažar kasuwanci jinsunan wannan aiki: masana'antu yawon shakatawa (na aikin yawon shakatawa na shuka, ya zama daidai), diggerstvo (boye ya binciken, Tunnels da sewers), postpalomnichestvo, urbanism, da dai sauransu ...

A heyday na kasada yawon shakatawa

Stalking matsayin matasa motsi, a cikin wasu kalmomi a matsayin kawai wani subculture, da aka ɓullo da a Rasha a cikin 70s da bazawa na 1972 almarar kimiyya labari da Strugatsky "bakin hanya Fikinik" yan'uwansa. An dangana ga ajalin da wadannan definition: wani mutum . Bisa ƙa'ida ba kama a ƙuntata yankin da ke tsunduma a cikin bincike da kuma m sale na "kayayyakin gargajiya" A littafin ya mayar da hankali a kan ƙẽtarẽwa maimakon a stalker dukiya yi rawar da wani shugaba, gano da safest hanya zuwa ga burin.

A amsar wannan tambaya "stalkers - Wane ne wannan?" Za a samu a cikin film. Tare da a saki da 1979 almarar kimiyya fim mai ba da umarni Andreya Tarkovskogo ma'anar da kalmar ya zama karshe, da a halin yanzu amfani. A cikin fim ne wani mutum wanda ya zama shiriya ga kungiyar daga mafi hadarin anomalies, abin da ya sa shi ba makawa a wuya expeditions ta hanyar uncharted wurare.

Daga littattafan zuwa rayuwa

An kwarai hanyar da musamman ikon - abin da kuma ake bukata domin gabatarwar wannan hali a daban-daban ayyukan? Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, da image amfani karo na farko a cikin labari "bakin hanya Fikinik" sa'an nan aka samu nasarar canjawa wuri zuwa cinema fuska godiya ga film "Stalker". Wannan sunan ya zama gidan kalma ga duk wanda ya iya tafi inda makale ko ba ya wuce da sauran. Kuma cewa shi ne yadda ya yi kira da sulke bincike da kuma ɓarna da gangan da na'ura a Rasha Federation da Rasha SUV.

Tarihi stalker a matsayin ra'ayi ne ba a kan fina-finai da kuma motoci. A lokacin daga shekarar 2007 zuwa 2009, jerin kwamfuta wasanni STALKER, reawakened sha'awa a cikin wannan Trend, kazalika da zavlekshaya da darajõji daga mabiyansa, dubban mutane. A game da mãkirci aka jera aro daga labari da Strugatsky yan'uwansa, da kuma daga wannan movie, amma, m, yana da wani labarin daban-daban miƙa ta GSC Game Duniya. A mataki faruwa a cikin wariya zone - a cikin nuclear nukiliya ikon shuka. Ga stalkers kira wani mutum ba bisa ka'ida ba shigar da ƙasa. Guides matsayin wani ɓangare na wani raba rukuni na mutane. Ko da yake su ne sau da yawa kansu neman hanyar ta cikin anomaly.

Wasu juyi na asalin

Duk da cewa amsar wannan tambaya: "stalkers - wanda shi ne shi" - da aka bai wa da yawa shahara mutane (da kuma marubuta, da kuma 'yan fim, har ma game Developers), tunanin mutum ne har yanzu "yawo" cikin search na boye ma'anar wannan sabon abu al'ada. Hakika, to irin wannan tunani za a iya bi da wani m fahimtar. Lalle ne, abin da shi ne da gaskiya manufar wani mutum wanda ya nẽmi ganganci kasada da kuma ziyara m sarari?

Mafi kwanan nan, akwai wani ban sha'awa ra'ayi a kan al'amarin. Wadannan da shi, mutum ya aikata irin wannan ayyuka da daya da kuma quite explainable manufa - to rabu da mu da na yau da kullum rayuwa inda kowace rana wajibi ne a yi maimaita ayyuka. Bisa ga aikin da mutum kalubale na rayuwar yau da kullum, da gaskatashi ga kaina cewa zan iya gina wani rai a kan nasu, kuma ba kamar yadda aka rubuta a cikin wasu dokoki. A sabon zamanin ya kawo game da canje-canje a cikin ma'anar kalmar "stalker". Wadannan ayyuka ne quite halayyar zamani al'umma, musamman ga matasa da ke neman samun nasu ma'anar rayuwa.