"Ruslan" AN-124. Kai da jirgin sama An-124 "Ruslan": reviews, photos, bayani dalla-dalla

Ayi kasa da photo, da An-124 "Ruslan" shi ne mafi girma iska-kai jirgin sama a duniya kamar yadda na yau. A jirgin ruwa da aka tsara Antonov Design ofishin. Its main nufi shi ne kai daga nesa nauyi da kuma oversized kaya da bukatun kasa da tattalin arziki, kazalika da Airborne da motorized kayan aiki da kuma crews. Bugu da kari, da inji shi ne iya yin ayyuka dangantaka da laima saukowa daga soja kayan aiki da kuma kaya.

Da farko flights da records

My sosai farko jirgin model na An-124 ya faru a Kiev, 21 ga Disamba, 1982. The ƙungiya, jagorancin VI Terek, su ne: gwajin matukin AV Galunenko navigator AP Poddubny, jirgin injiniyoyin da V. Vorotnikov AM Shuleschenko da rediyo sadarwarka MA Tupchienko . Rawar da manyan injiniyoyi na gwaje-gwaje da suka V. S. Mihaylov kuma M. G. Harchenko. Bayan da nasara gwaji na na'ura fara ta taro samar.

A shekarar 1985, jiragen kafa 21 duniya records. Su jerin hada da nasara daga cikin siga na Capacity (nauyi 171 219 kg ya ɗaukaka, amounted zuwa 2 000 mita). Da cewa wannan shekarar, jirgin da aka nuna ta kasa da kasa. Wannan ya faru a lokacin da iska show a Paris. Bayan shekaru biyu da jirgin saman ya bayyana a kan Soviet Army. Reviews da gwajin matukan jirgin, aka bayyana shi a matsayin abin dogara da jiragen, wanda aka halin daidai iko da kuma kewayawa tsarin. Bugu da kari, da masana lura da wani babban kaya iya aiki da kuma azumi loading ya saukewa.

overall tsarin

A tsarin dogara ne a kan makirci vysokoplana sanye take share reshe, kazalika da yawa wasu nauyi kai da jirgin sama. Wannan bayani damar muhimmanci inganta nata irin wasan kwaikwayon, saboda haka, jirgin kewayo. Domin jirgin sama halin da guda-filafilin kifi wutsiya. Gaba ɗaya, da zane da kuma upholstery inji suna yadu amfani kumshin kayan, wanda rage da nauyi da kusan biyu tons. A bene da aka yi daga m titanium gami. A shasi daga cikin jirgin sama ne Multishelf da boyewa a lokacin da jirgin. An bayar da ƙafafun 24, don haka da cewa shafi za a iya sarrafa ko da tare da samuwan runways unpaved. Bugu da kari, cikin jirgin alfahari da ikon canja jiki kwana da ƙasa yarda, wanda zai iya muhimmanci sauƙaƙe aiki a kan ta loading da Ana saukewa.

fasaha halaye

Daya daga cikin manyan abũbuwan amfãni a kan gasar model, wanda alfahari da jirgin saman "Ruslan", - da fasaha halaye na da iko shuka. An hada da hudu turbofan engine "D-18", ci gaba da V. A. Lotarevym. A total damar da Motors ne 23.400 kgf. Tare da wannan da sũ suke sãɓa low nauyi da kuma low man fetur amfani, da kuma gwada da low matakin na generated amo. Bayar da matsakaicin nauyi (120 ton) na jirgin sama shi ne iya shawo kan nesa wanda shi ne daidai 5600 km. Capacity jirgin ruwa ya wuce cewa model na Il-76 da kuma AN-22 da kusan sau uku. A daidai wannan lokaci, man amfani da tonne-kilometer na kaya yana kasa 2.5 sau. Irin wannan halaye na AN-124 da damar da shi zuwa muhimmanci wuce ta babban gasa - Amirka "C-5B Galaxy."

Flight da sauran halaye

Matsakaicin yiwu gudu daga cikin model ne 865 km / h, yayin da cruising - 800 km / h. A zangon tace a gaban wani madadin man fetur wadata a lokacin loading to 120 ton na 4800 kilomita, da kuma bayar da cewa load nauyi na 40 ton - 12 000 kilomita. Matsakaicin tsawo na jirgin ne 12 000m. Tare da al'ada Take-kashe nauyi zuwa gudu jiragen bukata nesa zuwa 2520 mita. The ƙungiya, dangane da jirgin ruwa gyare-gyare hada da hudu zuwa shida mutane. Matsakaicin man fetur weighs 230 ton.

fuselage

Mun jiragen An-124 "Ruslan" fuselage kunshi biyu cikas. Wannan ne yake aikata domin sauƙaƙe gyara da kuma tabbatarwa. Kowace daga cikinsu ne zuwa kashi daban, shãfe haske compartments, tare da musamman manufa. Babban da kuma maye crews suna sanya a saman bene gaban, da kuma mutanen da suka bi da kayayyaki da kuma fasaha, - (shi aka tsara don mutane 80) a cikin sama raya reshe. Ya kamata a lura da cewa saboda da pressurization tsarin da aka bayar cikin matsin drop ba wucewa alamar 25 kPa. Saboda wannan, fasinjoji iya zama a wata tsawo na 8,000 mita ba tare da oxygen kayan aiki.

Loading da kuma saukewa

A matakai na loading da Ana saukewa a cikin wannan model suna da za'ayi fairly da sauri. Bugu da kari zuwa ga raya ƙyanƙyashe, da jirgin ruwa yana da wani hinged hanci sashe cewa ba ka damar da sauri aiki tare da wadanda ba misali, dogon-tsawon kuma oversize kaya. Length ba tare da gangara, da nisa da tsawo daga cikin kaya daki ne bi da bi 26,5, 6.4 da kuma 4.4 mita. Saboda haka, yawan girma shi ne daidai fiye da 1,000 cubic mita. Saboda gaskiya cewa bene da aka yi na high ƙarfi titanium gami, shi ya zama mai yiwuwa loading na iri daban-daban na kai-propelled da kuma kai-propelled crawler art. Capacity na kowane daga cikin on-jirgin crane, wanda aka sanye take da mota, shi ne 10 ton. Bugu da kari, designers sun kafa shi mobile lantarki kasa winch.

shasi

AN-124 - jirgin sama saukowa kaya sanye take da wani na'urar hadaddun, kunna squats. Wannan zai iya rage gangaren gangara. Kowace daga cikin babban saukowa kaya yana a cikin abun da ke ciki na biyar biyu wheeled sigogi, waxanda suke da m daga juna. Amma ga gaban support, shi kunshi biyu struts (wato biyu ƙafafun a kowane). Saboda jujjũyãwar inji kula da tsarin m shafi nuna a kan titin jiragen sama, da nisa daga wanda yake 50 mita. A lokaci guda, don tabbatar da cikakken amfani da jirgin ruwa ta ikon aiki da shi wajibi ne don su washe kayan ciwon kankare surface kuma a tsawon akalla uku kilomita. Duk abin da ya, mun riga lura da cewa, ya tashi da kuma saukowa jirgin iya yi a kan ƙasa surface karkashin wani yanayi.

sauran

A kan-jirgin kayan aiki da jirgin sama An-124 "Ruslan" ya hada da: kwamfuta-taimaka dabaran iko, hudu-tashar na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa hadaddun, kazalika kewayawa radar tsarin. A cikin duka, shi yana da 34 kula da tsarin kwamfuta. Ya kamata mu ma lura da babban matakin rai goyon bayan inji ƙungiya da kuma wutar lantarki. Daga cikin kaya ana amfani: atomatik sadarwa tsarin irin-15 kewayawa da kai hari tsarin PNPK-124, kazalika da rediyo kewayawa kayan aiki "Omega" da "Laurent."

Major gyare-gyare

Daya daga cikin na farko "Ruslan" gyare-gyare ya zama jirgin sama An-124-100. Yana da aka gina a shekarar 1992 don samar da kasuwanci da sufuri. A kadan daga baya, an haife shi kuma an bokan da farar hula version na model.

Model AN-124A aka dauke su gaba mataki na ci gaba da jirgin sama. Yana featured ingantattun takeoff da kuma saukowa halaye, don haka ba za ka iya amfani da shafi ko a na biyu-aji makada.

Maris 18, 1999 da Rasha kamfanin "Aviastar" tare da hadin gwiwar Birtaniya kamfanin "Air Foyle" kira ga Design Antonov hukumar tare da wani tsari ga UK yin haya wani version jirgin sama - da AN-124-200 / 210. A musamman, da aka samarwa a kafa a kan injuna jirgin, samar da "Rolls Royce-". Wani canji ya zama cikin AN-124-200 tare da wani "General Electric" ikon shuke-shuke na American hukumomi. A lokuta biyu, da m jirgin kewayon ana sa ran girma da kusan kashi 10. Bugu da kari, da sabon injuna sa shi yiwuwa a rage da Take-kashe nesa. Dukansu na farko da na biyu version of "Ruslan" da aka samarwa ba da LCD zaune a yanki da kuma na zamani dijital kayan aiki da za su rage yawan ma'aikatan jirgin zuwa mutane uku. A sakamakon wannan hukunci ne don rage total nauyi na kayan aiki da kuma kara ta AMINCI. Wadannan halaye da damar da AN-124 wuce da shi mai tsanani gasa (C-17 daga kamfanin "Boeing") ga dukan key sigogi. Game da lokaci na yi, lokacin da wani domin daya daga wadannan gyare-gyare, za a iya yi a game da 2.5 years daga ranar ƙarshe na kwangila.

amfani

A farkon shekarar 1986 ya fara aiki da yin amfani da jirgin sama An-124 "Ruslan" Company "Tunisair". Mafi yawa, ya aka sarrafa a kan Siberia Airlines, wanda ya gana da bukatun da jihar a kai na oversized kaya ga man fetur da kuma iskar gas ci gaba. Bugu da kari, da jirgin ruwa da aka rayayye amfani ga soja dalilai. Alal misali, suna hawa iska tsaro makami mai linzami tsarin "Bakan'ane" a lokacin da yãƙi a Afghanistan. A watan Satumba na 1990, "Ruslan" ya iya a hawa da tafiya 451 'yan gudun hijira daga Amman zuwa Dhaka. Sa'an nan da jirgin da aka bugu da žari sanye take da wani tanki da shan ruwa a 570 lita da bayan gida tubalan tare da aiki da sinadaran dawo. Don su iya saukar da fasinjoji a kwance matsayi Matuka jirgin rufe soso roba.

Major Bala'i

All Domin aiki tare da jirgin sama na wannan alama an dama da ban tausayi hatsarori. The most of wadannan faru Disamba 6, 1997 at 14.40, a lokacin da jiragen na Rasha Air Force Antonov An-124 "Ruslan" fado a kusa da ginin na kauye Irkutsk-2. A sakamakon wannan hadarin ya mutuwar goma sha bakwai ma'aikatan jirgin da kuma shida da ma'aikata na Irkutsk sufurin jiragen sama Shuka. Baya ga wadannan, mutuwa fyauce da 72 na mazauna garin. Gaskiyar cewa game da 25 seconds bayan takeoff jirgin sama ya fadi a cikin hudu-labarin Apartment gini, gaba daya ya hallaka shi. A lokacin da gudanar da bincike na bala'i an deciphered "black kwalaye." A gudanar da bincike ya bayyana cewa dalilin abkuwar wannan hadari shi ne engine tasha, wanda ya faru a sakamakon gazawar da kan-jirgin kwamfuta.