Rolling niƙa: tarihi da kuma na zamani rarrabuwa

A mirgina niƙa a matsayin na'urar for sarrafa karafa da kuma sauran kayan da dama juyawa matsin yi ne na farko da aka ambata a cikin ayyukan Leonardo Vinci. A mafi tsufa inji aka bayyana ta wurin babban master a 1495, da nufin domin lura da tin. Rolling na'urorin aka riga yadu a yi amfani da 17th karni, inda suka yi aiki a kan tushen da manual actuators, wanda daga bisani aka maye gurbinsu da ruwa (ruwa dabaran), sa'an nan zuwa ga tururi. Yau, haya kayan aiki da manual drive ne sau da yawa amfani handicraft aiki.

A mirgina niƙa a matsayin wani ɓangare na kayan aiki yana da wani babban jiki (aiki tsayawar, wanda zai iya Range daga biyu zuwa dama Rolls, lantarki da kuma na'urori, da ikon watsa zuwa rollers na engine) da kuma karin (Boats ga motsi workpieces, su sabon, straightening, karkatar, da dai sauransu ) .. The zane na musamman kayan aiki a haɗe zuwa samfurin nau'in, wanda shi saki.

Birgima kayayyakin, dangane da irin giciye-sashe ne zuwa kashi da dama kungiyoyin, ciki har da:

- wani bututu (sumul , ko yi da waldi).

- birgima takardar (bakin ciki takardar ko birgima farantin (4 mm)).

- birgima (a fili ko siffa).

- musamman mirgina (kusurwa C-dimbin yawa, tare da m profile, da dai sauransu).

A mirgina niƙa bisa ga irin samfurin da za a iya sanya daya daga cikin wadannan kungiyoyin: bututun, lento-, zhesteprokatnye, musamman, takardar, waya, shtripsovye, broadband, high quality-, crimping (yafi blooming), billet, mirgina niƙa. Kayan aiki, irin wannan, ƙato. Alal misali, fãce kaɗan niƙa iya samun goma sha biyar mita tsawo, da kuma most zuwa kwanan kwafin na dogon bautarka 5.500 mita (mallakar "Anshen Andes Iron Karfe Group").

Nau'in Mills a kan zane fasali kamar haka:

- wani aya, (abun da ke ciki shi ne akwaku, augmented, misali, shida lantarki Motors, da biyar clutches, hudu gearboxes uku tsaye size kaya da kuma biyu spindles).

- mikakke mirgina niƙa (tsayawar aka shirya daya bayan daya, wani lokacin a mahara Lines, kayayyakin sarrafa a daya shugabanci).

- serial (dama guda-tsayawar Mills shirya sequentially ko a wani daban-daban domin).

- m (billet sarrafa lokaci guda a wani yawan cages).

- Semi-m (akwai m sassan da mikakke hardware aka gyara).

Ta yaya niƙa? Da farko, da karfe ingot ne mai tsanani a musamman rijiyoyin (zafin jiki game da 1800 C), sa'ilin da shi kai lantarki mota da primary aiki (a blooming ko slabbing) a cikinsa da ingot aka samu daga sanduna. Next, daya a kan wani kayan aiki irin mirgina karfe zanen gado shirya ko gama samfurin qaddara siffar, kamar wani dogo, da sauransu. Modern kayan aiki yawanci shi ne wani simintin-mirgina Mills cewa zai iya aiwatar da workpiece a tsaye a gudun kilomita 300 a kowace awa.

Production na mirgina Mills ne mai hadaddun da tsada tsari, duk da haka a yau akwai kamfanoni a Rasha da samar da irin wannan kayayyakin. Bugu da kari ga babban da kuma karin kayan aiki ga nasara aiki na hadaddun bukatar high-daidaici kayan aiki, lubrication kayan aiki, kazalika da bayar da wutar lantarki ga Mills da duka damar 200-300 MW.