Rasha nukiliya Industry: Industry, babban kwatance da kuma ayyuka

Tun kaddamar a shekarar 1954 a birnin Obninsk, da farko ikon shuka a duniya da ke aiki a cikin makamashi na uranium isotopes, ya fara tarihi na nukiliya masana'antu. Yana da aka shirya cewa da rabo daga makamashin nukiliya don saman na biyu Millennium zai zama ba kasa da 25% na duk duniya da wutar lantarki da samar. Amma abin takaici, saboda tsanani hatsarori, ciki har da nuclear ta shekara ta 2000 ta hanyar makamashin nukiliya man fetur da aka yi aiki daga kawai 6% na duniya da wutar lantarki.

Duk da haka, duk da talauci sosai yi a cikin masana'antun kafa 'yan yankunan. Sun riga sun mamaye babban muhimmanci a cikin tattalin arziki, tsaro da kuma bangaren masana'antu na kasashe da dama.

Kungiyar na nukiliya masana'antu

Domin fiye da rabin karni na ci gaba fasahar nukiliya a Rasha aka kafa hudu manyan, inextricably nasaba da juna kimiyya da masana'antu hadaddun:

1. Energy. A lura da karafa, enrichment da kuma samar da makaman nukiliya man fetur, halittar Enterprises, a fannoni irin makamashin nukiliya, masana'antu, makaman nukiliya masana'antu.
2. Makamai. Kula da ci gaba da kuma gwaji na sabon iri na makaman nukiliya.
3. Radiation aminci. Yana da nufin kare ba, kuma nan gaba zamaninsu daga cutarwa sakamakon ionizing radiation.
4. Nukiliya magani. Implants radionuclide shirye-shirye a cikin bincike da kuma magance cututtuka.

Har ila yau a cikin nukiliya masana'antu da kuma ya hada da bincike hadaddun, wanda ke tsunduma a cikin ci gaban da muhimman hakkokin da kuma amfani da ilimi a nukiliya kimiyyar lissafi da kuma makaman nukiliya icebreaker jiragen ruwa. A halin yanzu, da Rasha, makaman nukiliya masana'antu hada da fiye da 250 kamfanoni. Its main aiki - fadi amfani da fasahar nukiliya na zaman lafiya dalilai.

makamashi hadaddun

Saboda kusa dangane da makaman nukiliya masana'antu da tsaro na kasar, duk ikon mayar da hankali a cikin hannãyenku daga cikin Jihar Corporation "Rosatom". Ita ce ta kasance a cikin lura da ci gaba da kuma girke makaman nukiliya da fasahar a cikin Sphere na mutum aiki. Uranium da aka mined yafi a Kazakhstan. A nukiliya masana'antu na shirin fadada da kan iyakoki, da kuma hadin gwiwa tare da sauran kasashe - Namibia, Armenia, Canada.

Ma'adinin Uranium da aka tsunduma a hudu hadin gwiwa-stock kamfanonin, da kuma samar da makaman nukiliya man fetur babban kamfanin "TVEL", wanda ya samar da dukkan 10 aiki da makaman nukiliya ikon shuke-shuke a Rasha, kazalika da 17% na dukkan makamashin nukiliya ikon shuke-shuke a cikin duniya.

Makaman nukiliya Complex

Enterprises da makaman nukiliya hadaddun ba raba subdivisions na tsaro masana'antu na Rasha. Sun yi aiki kafada da kafada da sauran kungiyoyin, ciki har da} ungiyoyin kamfanonin. Babban masu amfani da makamashin nukiliya samarwa a cikin wannan bangare ne dogo, mota da masana'antar mai da gas.

Babban aiki na Kwamitin, wanda ya hada da makaman nukiliya masana'antu, an dauke da fitar da manufar nukiliya deterrence - kariya ta ƙasa da kuma 'yan kasa na kasar da makaman nukiliya zuwa wasu kasashen. A saboda wannan dalili, da hadaddun hada da dama tarayya nukiliya cibiyoyin.

Radiation Safety Complex

Kare mutane da kuma yanayi daga radiation daukan hotuna - wani marar sakewa tenet na "Rosatom".

Don cimma wannan, da hadaddun hada da dama kamfanonin, wanda a shekara yanke shawarar a kan biyu main yankunan:

• Tabbatar da lafiya aiki na data kasance Enterprises daga cikin makaman nukiliya masana'antu. ayyukan domin kariya daga makaman nukiliya reactors daga bala'o'i, ayyukan ta'addanci, kazalika da yanayi daga radiation nan ana ci gaba da aiwatar.
• Zubar da ciyar da man sharan, kazalika da kawar da dilapidated wuraren "Atomic Project" na Tarayyar Soviet.

Kowace shekara don magance wannan al'amarin nukiliya masana'antu sami game da biliyan 150 rubles.

nukiliya magani

A hadin gwiwa tare da gwamnatin tarayya ilimin halittu da aikin likita Agency halitta wani hadadden nukiliya magani, wadda za ta zama gaba daya m. Riga kafa so-cibiyar (positron watsi tomography) kayan aiki wadda za ta gane farkon matakai na ciwon daji ci gaba, metastasis kuma pathological raunuka.

A hadaddun hada da dakunan gwaje-gwaje da cewa rationing isotopes da kuma ingancin iko, kazalika kai tsaye zuwa cibiyoyin harkokin likita, a cikin abin da ganewar asali da kuma lura da marasa lafiya.

Fasahar nukiliya da aka daidaita a rayuwarmu. Yanzu a kasar a cikin wannan yanki shi ne shagaltar da game da 190 da dubu. Man. Kuma shi ne ba abin mamaki bane cewa gwamnati ya bayyana a kalandar rana - 28 Satumba, wanda shi ne wani ma'aikaci na nukiliya masana'antu za a iya daukan su masu sana'a hutu.