Ra'ayi da kuma iri daban-daban daga mulki

A ra'ayi na "Mulki" a cikin zamani ji Dates baya ga XIX karni. A lokaci ne inextricably nasaba da Concepts kamar "jiha", "ƙasa". Shi ne a cikin XIX karni, na da ma'anar "sarki" ya shafi dukan gwamnati, forming manufar " 'yancin kai", a layi daya kasaftawa al'umma. Žara koyo game da abin da ke mulki, da mulkin ra'ayi da kuma iri daban-daban - daga baya a cikin labarin. Mun fara da definition.

definition

Kafin kwakkwance iri jihar mulki, a kusa look at manufar. Da kalmar da aka samu daga Faransa souverainete, wanda fassara nufin "m iko." Wannan shi ne daya daga cikin muhimman hakkokin sifofi na jihar, wanda ya bada dama don gudanar da gida da kuma kasashen waje da manufofin da ke jihar ba tare da tsangwama daga waje jamiái (gwamnatoci, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, da sauransu.).

Mulki, kuma dokokin kasa da kasa

Yana da wani kuskure to yi imani da cewa da mulki ne mai cikakkar dama ga a jefa kasar. All mulkin demokra jihohin batun dokokin kasa da kasa. Wannan yana nufin cewa akwai normative ayyukan soma waje takamaiman kasar, amma ciwon da iko a kan ta.

A matsayin misali, bari mu dauki jihar. A mafi kotu a Rasha ne mai Tanƙwasa a kuma kotun tsarin. Akwai Turai Kotun kare hakkin dan adam. An located in Strasbourg, France. Rahoton ya bincika al'amarin dangane da Yarjejeniyar a kan Human Rights. Wannan shi ne na duniya doka yi, wanda ya ƙulla mafi daga cikin 'yantattun kasashe. Idan a Strasbourg nuna cewa wasu dauke da wani kotu hali da aka gudanar tare da keta yarjejeniyar a Rasha, mu kotuna za a zamar masa dole ya soke samu fatawar.

Wannan ba ya nufin cewa Rasha ba ta da ikon mallaka. Our kasar ta aikin hannu da kuma ƙulla kasa da kasa da yarjejeniyar barin duniya kotu don warware yanke shawara Rasha. Za mu iya a kowane lokaci zuwa da ikirarin janye daga kwangila da kuma watsi da shawarar da Strasbourg. Da son rai da biyayya - wannan shi ne wani buɗi na kasashen waje da manufofin. Yanzu mafi game da irin wannan laifi. Next shi.

iri Mulki

Saboda haka, duk zaman kanta a jihar na da hakkin ya mai zaman kanta cikin gida da kuma kasashen waje da manufofin. Wadannan iri daga mulki:

• Jihar.
• mutane;
• National.

Jihar Mulki: samuwar Concepts

A ra'ayi na "mulkin kasar," ya ci gaba a cikin marigayi tsakiyar zamanai. Yana da aka yi amfani da su raba tsakanin coci daga jihar iko. A cikin West, da coci da aka mai zaman kanta ma'aikata na gwamnatin. A bambanci zuwa jihar shi da wani yankin da iyaka da kuma yana da supranational samuwar. Tare da ci gaban Karkasa ikon da ta zama dole geographically raba daya daga wasu monarch. Saboda haka manufar jihar mulki, kamar yadda tsayayya da coci.

Jigon jihar Mulki

Jihar ikon ne a kan saman matsayi. All subsystems da kuma zamantakewa cibiyoyin biyaya ga shi. Mun wakiltar dogon, cewa soke jihar Mulki. An zamanin sau da kafa. Ba zai iya zama mafi girma kula da tsaiko cibiyoyin. Daya kasa ne zuwa kashi gida sarauta, iyalansu, wadda za a fara a dawwamamman yaki da juna. Areas kamar ilimi, da kiwon lafiya, tsaro ba za su iya zuwa aiki. Ba tare da wani hadade management system, matsayin, dokokin, jama'a ba zai iya zama a cikin saba mu fahimtar.

A mummunan sakamakon da rashin jihar Mulki

Tarihi ya sani yawa misalai, bãbu lõkacin guda cibiyar na iko. Wannan ake kira tsawon dual iko. A irin wannan hali a cikin mu tarihin da aka a 1917, da abdication na Nicholas II kafin Great Oktoba Socialist juyin juya halin, lokacin da Lenin magoya bayan shi kadai ya dauki ikon zuwa hannuwansu. A gwaji ne na gani cewa ya yakin duniya na II. Hargitsi a cikin Army, ba biyayya umarni, ɓarna da gangan, raya ma'aikata, da abinci rikicin - wannan shi ne kawai karamin sashi daga cikin matsalolin tsokane ta rashin tsari. Biyu daban-daban tsarin gwamnati da jagoranci ƙarshe zuwa yakin basasar na jini, wanda ba na baya zuwa ga wadanda ke fama da duniya.

A rashin jihar mulki, da hukumomi da 'gazawar su riqi ta mummunan tasiri a kan jama'a a matsayin dukan. Haka ya faru, amma a irin wannan gwaji, da rashin alheri, ya san tarihin mu. Bayan rushewar tarayyar Soviet hau kan walwalar da, kamar yadda wani sakamako, daga halakar da jihar Mulki a kasar. Power, a kan ra'ayin da kyautatawa, ya kamata ya wakilci bukatun jama'a wajen kasar. Ciki, shi dole ya zama free of wani buɗi na jihar a duk duniyoyin al'umma.

Wannan ya haddasa bala'in sakamakon: da "ganuwa hannun kasuwar" ba a gyara huldar cinikaiya, da yunwa, da sojojin rasa fadan damar da jami'an tsaron sun kasance iya yaki laifi, uniform matsayin ilimi ba samuwa. Wannan shi ne kawai karamin sulusi da murabba'i daga cikin matsalolin da cewa sun auku a kasar mu a farkon 90-ies karni na karshe.

Nau'in na jihar Mulki

Jihar Mulki yana iri biyu:

1. Ciki. A jihar yana da m hakkin ya yi dokokin, to da bin doka amfani da karfi.
2. External. A jihar iya da kansa gudanar da wani kasashen waje da manufofin a madadin dukan jama'a. International yarjejeniyarsu hannu a madadin gwamnati, za a daure da dukan 'yan ƙasa.

m Mulki

Mun ci gaba da magana game da irin wannan laifi. Bugu da kari a jihar, da siyasa, da masana kimiyya rarrabe jama'a. A ra'ayin shi ne cewa mutane, da cewa shi ne. E. A cikin mazaunin jama'ar na kasa, shi ne batun da iko. Mutane dogara ne a kan key siyasa yanke shawara.

A ra'ayi na "mutane ikon mallaka na" shi ne a hankali related to manufar dimokuradiyya. Mutane, mutane sanin makomar da hali na jihar. Ba a hukumance rajista siffofin daga mulki. RF Tsarin Mulki bai bai ambaci wannan. Duk da haka, da doka ta asali, a sakin layi na 1 na Mataki na ashirin da 3 ya furta cewa, da mai bãyar daga mulki, kuma tushen ikon a kasar mu ne manyan mutane na Rasha Federation.

Ba kwatsam cikin kundin tsarin mulki na nufin "da manyan mutane." Wannan yana nufin cewa ba mu da rinjaye al'umma, wanda nasa ne da mutane da ikon mallaka. Eh, da Rasha a Rasha rinjaye. Suna kafa al'ummar jihar. Wannan Nazari kasar shugabannin. Duk da haka, wannan ba ya nufin cewa Rasha da exclusivity a aiwatar da mutane da ikon mallaka.

A mutane motsa jiki da hakkin ya yin yanke shawara ta hanyar daban-daban mulkin demokra kayayyakin:

• kuri'ar raba gardama.
• zaben.
• pickets, ayyuka.
• takarda.
• Kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, jam'iyyun siyasa, da sauransu. D.

Yana da wuya a shirya kuri'ar raba gardama a kan kowane lokaci. Utopia Anarchist Nestor Makhno - kowane lokaci da tattara da baƙauye taron - a babban yankin da kuma babbar yawan ne ba m. Don wannan karshen, a mulkin demokra] iyya da mutane da ikon mallaka ta hanyar wakilan. Our 'yan asalin kiran su "bayin mutane."

Wadannan sun hada da kundin tsarin mulki na Rasha Federation:

• Shugaban kasar Rasha.
• Tarayya Majalisar.
• Majalisu na Rasha Federation.
• Wakilin jikin gida kai gwamnati.
• Jurors a kotu.

Popular Mulki - da dama daga mazauna warware mafi muhimmanci al'amurran da suka shafi a jihar.

mulkin kasar,

Gama da taken "Mulki" kasa. Wannan ra'ayi ne na bayyana gaskiyar da mulkin al'umma. Kowace al'umma na da hakkin ya ƙayyade nasu makoma, don warware da dama al'amurran da suka shafi kasa da kasa da jiha da ƙungiyoyi, da sauransu. D.

Mulkin kasar, an bayyana a cikin adana ainihi, harshe, da al'adu. Har ila yau, a nan hada da dama daga al'umman da kai-kafiya, kamar yadda yake kunshe a da yawa na kasa da kasa kida, ciki har da ballewa daga daya daga cikin kasa ƙasa na wani.

A karin misalin ne da wanzuwar mulkin kasar, reshe Kosovo daga Serbia. Kosovo Region ya al'ada kasance cikin yankin ƙasar Serbia. Duk da haka, domin mutane da yawa ƙarni a nan zaunar da kabilanci Albanians. Kosovo Albanians sun zama wani sarki al'umma, an dauke da yankin Kosovo a matsayin mahaifarsa. Sun dauki amfani da mulkin kasar, ta kuma ayyana 'yancin kai.

The dama daga al'umman da kai-kafiya aka kunshe a cikin kundin tsarin mulki na farko na Tarayyar Soviet. A lokaci guda ya nace Lenin, kamar yadda akwai masu adawa, karkashin jagorancin Stalin. National jamhuriyoyin aka bai wa hakkin ya janye daga Union. Jamhuriyar cikin Rasha Federation ba zai iya fita daga cikin ƙasar bisa ga kundin tsarin mulki, amma su ma suna da mulkin kasar,. Yana bayyana kanta a harkokin siyasa a cikin kasa jamhuriyoyin. The kawai ya rage mata - da dokokin gida dole ba musanta dokar tarayya.

Saboda haka, dole mu fahimci abin da Mulki. Concept, iri an taƙaice tattauna. Don takaita.

sakamakon

Rasha 'yancin kai, t. E. The free dama da za su gudanar na cikin gida da kuma kasashen waje da manufofin, da ake kira "Rasha da mulki". Nau'in shi ne: jihar, na kasa, jama'a. A tantancewa tsakanin su. Wannan raba subsystems na dukan, wanda kuma siffofin da kasar ta samu 'yanci.