Patching hanya surface: fasaha, hanyoyin, Gost

Smooth high quality-hanya saman da cewa samar da cikakken riko kai ƙafafun da mayafi, ne key zuwa wani aminci da m hanya. A dangane da aiki da yin amfani da hanya ne kullum a bukatar gyara da kuma sauya su.

A halin yanzu, mafi mashahuri irin gyaran pavements aka patching. Yana da wannan hanyar da ake amfani da mafi sau da yawa fiye da wasu, saboda shi ne yafi riba, ya fi dacewa da kuma sauri. Duk da haka, shi ma yana da yawa gunaguni daga mota direbobi ke yi rantsuwa da ingancin hanya saman da m halakar da faci bayan gyare-gyare. Amma dalilin akwai iya zama, ba da fasahar kanta, amma waɗanda suka yi amfani da shi. A ingancin gyara dogara a kan yarda da patching fasaha. Popular sau da yawa m ma'aikata ba su ma kula da yanayi da kuma bukatun da dole ne a bi a lokacin da kisan hanya tabbatarwa, don haka sakaci da hali zuwa aikin aka ƙara zama wani dalili na lalata hanya matafiya.

abũbuwan amfãni

Pothole gyara hanya ba a yi nufin ya gudanar da duk wani aiki a kan maido da sadarwa, gyara shimfidar wuri: da kwalta da aka aza kawai a kan yankunan da bukatar gaggawa gyara. Bugu da kari, ya kamata a lura da cewa irin wannan aiki ya kamata a da za'ayi a cikin m yarda da duk wuraren da tsari. Wannan na tabbatar da kudin ajiyar banki, dogon sabis rayuwa da kuma iyakar quality. Patching iya mayar da gaba, wani ƙarfi, evenness, riko da kuma ingancin da ruwa juriya da coatings. Bugu da kari, shi na samar da wani misali lokacin da sabis tashoshin.

Patching dacewa shekaru da dama. Akwai dubun irin gyara dabarun pavements, mafi kyau duka Hanyar da aka zaba bisa yanayin yanayi, jihar na yanar gizo, da cikakken yiwuwa na yin amfani da musamman kayan aiki da kuma a kan takamaiman kayan amfani. Patching matafiya yana da dama indisputable abũbuwan amfãni:

• babu bukatar wani cikakken slab motsi a kan babbar hanyar mota / karauka.
• sarrafawa aiwatar da duk dole ayyuka (kananan yankunan an mayar da lokacin da rana).
• babu bukatar unsa nauyi soja kayan aiki;
• patching kwalta matafiya ba ya bukatar babbar kudi halin kaka (a kwatanta da wasan kwaikwayon na manyan gyare-gyare).

rabin yaƙin

Yawanci unscrupulous ma'aikata gyara kawai saman Layer na lalace yankunan. Amma a gaskiya, patching fasahar shafi na maido da kuma tamkar Layer.

Kafin fara aiki, ayyana iyakokin raunuka gano data kasance lahani, gano m lahani, lasafta aikin da sikelin kuma AMINCI, uniformity, karfin da shafi roughness.

kwalta compacting

Mutane da yawa m Enterprises cewa gudanar da gyara da gina hanyoyi, da rollers yin la'akari 8 ton. Wannan hanya kayan aiki barata a cika aiki, amma amfani da shi domin patching impractical. Don sanya hãtimin rufi a dama dubun mita hanya ne mafi alhẽri ga amfani da hanyar na "sussuka", wanda aka aiwatar da yin amfani da manual fašakarwar faranti. Har ila yau, kwalta patching aka yi amfani da karamin fašakarwar rollers ko bayar da damar gudanar.

al'ada hanyar

Tare da wannan hanya na gyara wani sashi lalace ne na farko a rabu da shafi, shi ne yake aikata ta yin amfani da hanya milling na'ura. Sa'an nan yankakken kashe baki dents tare da bada su a rectangular siffar. Next, da m bangaren tsarkakewa daga turɓãya da crumbs da kuma kasa baki daga gare yana bi da ruwa bitumen da bitumen emulsion ko warmed, sa'an nan ya zuba kwalta mix.

Patching hanya surface, wanda shi ne mai gargajiya dabara, shi damar zuwa sami high quality-sakamakon aikin, amma shi ne ake bukata don ciyar da wani gagarumin adadin ma'amaloli. Ana amfani da a gyara iri-iri na coatings sanya daga bituminous da kwalta kayan.

Gyara da dumama shafi da kuma sake yin amfani da ta kaya

Irin wannan patching hanya dangane da yin amfani da musamman kayan aiki domin dumama coatings - asfaltonagrevatelya. Wannan hanya da ke sa shi yiwuwa a sami high quality-da sakamakon, ceton a kan kayan, don sauƙaƙe da kisan ayyukan fasaha. Amma wannan patching kwalta matafiya yana da muhimmanci gazawa a kan yanayin yanayi (zafin jiki da kuma iska). Irin wannan hanyar da ake amfani a gyara na daban-daban na coatings sanya daga bituminous da kwalta garwayayye.

Gyara ba tare da yankan ko jin wuta up haihuwa matafiya

Halakar da nakasawa da pavements suna cike sanyi polimerasfaltobetonnoy cakuda organomineralnoj rigar cakuda, da kuma sanyi kwalta t. D. The aiwatar izni aiki a yanayin sanyi a lokacin da rigar da kuma rigar shafi, sauki yin, amma ba iya samar da high quality, kuma m coatings. Wannan hanya da aka yi amfani da tsari na gyaran hanya saman da low zirga-zirga yawa, lokacin, da kuma yadda gaggawa awo a kan hanyoyi tare da babban tsanani.

Sanyi da hanyoyi na patching

Wannan patching hanya surface, wanda dabara dogara ne a kan yin amfani da sanyi bituminous ko asphaltic kankare garwayayye matsayin gyara kayan. Wadannan hanyoyin da ake amfani da yafi a gyara tsari na sanyi kwalta kankare da baki tsakuwa a kan hanyoyi na ƙananan category kuma, idan ya cancanta, wucin gadi ko gaggawa potholes.

Ayyuka fara bazara a lõkacin da iska zazzabi ba kasa da 10 digiri. A wurin gyara shafi da aka kafa ta mataki na wani motsi abin hawa ga 20-40 kwanaki, da kuma ta ingancin shi ne dogara a kan kaddarorin da bitumen emulsion ko ruwa bitumen, ma'adinai foda, da abun da ke ciki da kuma tsanani da zirga-zirga, weather.

Yin gyare-gyare yiwu kuma a low yanayin zafi, haka gyara kayan procured a gabani. A kudin gyara wannan fasahar ne kasa da a zafi Hanyar. Babban drawback ne gajeren lokaci tare da motsi na bas a kan hanyoyi da shafi da kuma nauyi manyan motoci.

hot fashion

Bisa ga kayan amfani kamar yadda zafi kwalta garwayayye mastic kwalta, tsakuwa da kuma lafiya-grained, yashi, da dai sauransu ...

Hanyoyin amfani don gyara titunan da tare da kwalta marufai. Zai yiwu yi ayyukan iska a yanayin zafi ba kasa da 10 digiri a bushe shafi akai da kuma thawed. Lokacin da ake ji gyara heaters ce a yanayin zafi ba kasa da 5 digiri.

Hot hanyoyin samar da wani high quality, kuma tsawon rai na shafi.

shirye-shirye

Kafin dauke da fitar da wani aikin yi na farko ayyuka:

1. Shigar wasan zorro wurare, hanya da ãyõyinMu, kuma lighting kayan aiki a wurin aiki a cikin duhu.
2. Suna alama wurare (cards) gyara ta amfani da alli, ko miƙa igiyar. Map gyara ocherkivaetsya madaidaiciya Lines layi daya da kuma perpendicular zuwa hanya axis, ba da daidai siffar da kwane-kwane na kamawa wani m shafi.
3. Fariyar, an karya up da milled lalace shafi an cire fim. Halakar da aka yi a kan rufi Layer kauri, amma ba kasa da 4 santimita tare da dukan tsawon gyara. Lokacin da pothole shafi ƙananan Layer, shi sassauta kuma cire dukan kauri.
4. Potholes tsabtace daga sharan daga cikin kayan, datti da kuma kura.
5. A ganuwar da kasa sun bushe da zafi ginin hanya.
6. A ganuwar da kuma kasan suna bi da bitumen ko bituminous emulsion.

ainihin yadda ake gudanar

Kawai bayan shiri na potholes za a iya cike da gyara kayan. Kayan aiki jeri kuma jerin hanyoyin dogara da adadin kuma Hanyar aiki, da irin gyara kayan.

Domin kananan kundin da babu mechanized stacking za a iya yi da hannu. Kwanciya aka yi a cakuda katin 1 tare da sabon Layer zuwa zurfin 50 millimeters kuma wani Layer 2 a zurfin fiye da 50 millimeters. A wannan yanayin, da ƙananan Layer za a iya aza cakuda m tsakuwa, da kuma na sama - m hatsi.

Lokacin da mechanized kwanciya cakuda an ciyar daga hopper thermos.

Lokacin qarasa katunan 10-20 murabba'in mita. m kwalta cakuda aza paver. A daidai wannan salo da ake yi a cikin wani pothole, da kuma cakuda shi ne gaba ɗaya baje dukan yankin.

Sealing kwalta garwayayye a cikin ƙananan shafi Layer aka kwashe pneumobeetles, manual ko elektrotrambovkami vibratory rollers a cikin shugabanci daga waje don a ciki.

Suya a cikin sama Layer daga cikin cakuda da kuma cakuda da aka sanya a cikin daya Layer a zurfin up to 50 millimeters, shi ne matsa kai-propelled vibratory rollers ko rollers gladkovaltsovymi tsaye haske type, sa'an nan nauyi rollers.

Domin maloschebnistyh yashi garwayayye, kuma compaction rabo ya zama a kalla 0,98, domin aikin ruɓanyar da sredneschebnistyh - 0.99.

Hot cakuda compacted a iyakar yanayin zafi a wadda nakasawa a lokacin mirgina na ba zai yiwu ba.

A gidajen abinci, wanda protrude sama da shafi surface, an shafe ta ko nika Milling inji.

karshe ayyukan

Karshe ayyukan unsa matakan kawo hanya surface a shiri domin motsi na motocin. Ma'aikata cire sauran sharar gida, datti, nutsad da su a cikin juji. Har ila yau, a wannan mataki, cire hanya da ãyõyinMu, kuma shingen, lamarin da ya line aka mayar a kan site na patching.

muhimmanci da bukatun

The inganci da karko na gyara shafi ayyuka da farko ya dogara ne a kan yarda da:

• patching aka yi a na yanayi da yanayin zafi ba kasa da halatta ga wani takamaiman gyara kayan a kan mai tsabta da kuma bushe surface.
• a lokacin yankan da haihuwa shafi da aka cire daga raunana abu rabo na bumps inda akwai breakup, fasa da chipping.
• dole tsaftacewa da bushewa da gyara katin.
• dole ne ka yi da 'yancin nau'i na maps, a tsaye ganuwar, lebur kasa;
• dole ya yi dukan aiki saman potholes m abun da ke ciki.
• kwanciya gyara kayan aka yi a ganiya zazzabi for irin wannan cakuda.
• Layer dole ne a kauri dan kadan fiye da zurfin potholes, la'akari da gefe a kan matsawa rabo.
• unacceptable Layer samuwar sabuwar kayan a kan tsohon coatings daga gefen katin don kauce wa tura a lokacin da ya buga kai da kuma m halakar ƙasar.
• gyara kayan da compacted da kuma baje ja ruwa tare da hanya surface.

ingancin iko

Polymerization na kwalta kankare ne da za'ayi a zazzabi mafi girma daga 100 darajõji, kuma a karkashin babban matsin. Bayan compaction da kwalta cakuda ba su ji tsoron ruwa. A akasin wannan, da mayar da hanya surface, yana da kyawawa don zuba ruwa ga m sanyaya kuma mayar da zirga-zirga.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa bai cika yarda da fasaha da kuma take hakkin wasu dokoki sanya kwalta faci iya tsira akalla 2 shekaru. Tare da tsananin kiyaye da fasahar gyara - ba kasa da shekaru 5.

Roadway dole ne yayi daidai (bayan patching aka yi) Gost P 50597-93 - "hanyõyi da kuma tituna".