Nuwamba 7, idin da Tarayyar Soviet: sunan, tarihin

Nuwamba 7 - wani biki a Tarayyar Soviet, wanda aka soke a cikin sabon Rasha. Ashe, akwai wani abubuwan da ake bukata domin wannan kuma cewa muna da aka tambayi zuwa ga kõmãwa? Favorite da haske bikin tabbatar da ba dole ba a cikin zamani al'umma.

Abin da ya faru a wannan rana?

A tarihin festival a kan Nuwamba 7 a cikin Tarayyar Soviet - ne memory na babban juyin juya halin karni na ashirin da. Har 1917, Rasha an autocratic monarchical jihar, wanda a wancan lokaci da dokokin Nicholas II.

M yanayi a kasar tara da shekaru da yawa, kuma shi ne a kan Oktoba 25 a St. Petersburg, ya fara tawaye da na kowa mutane da rashin daidaito zamantakewa strata. Armed Bolsheviks ta kwashe Winter Palace (wurin zama na gwamnatin wucin), ci dukan muhimmanci da maki na bayanai (jaridu, gidan waya, Railway tashoshin) da kuma babban wuraren da soja (ƙofofin birnin, tashar jiragen ruwa).

A tawaye da aka shirya 47 shekaru na VI Ulyanov (Lenin), 38-shekara L. D. Trotsky da shekaru 27 da haihuwa, Ya. M. Sverdlov. Wadannan mutane sun jagoranci juyin mulki da kuma dauke da babban harkokin mulki jam'iyyun a kasar shekaru da dama. Halitta su ne wani sabon gurguzu jihar, kundin tsarin mulki da kuma hadisai a Rasha.

Abin da wani idi bikin on Nuwamba 7 a cikin Tarayyar Soviet har 1990

Gaba daya an kira Rãnar da Great Oktoba Socialist juyin juya halin. Me "Oktoba rana" bikin a watan Nuwamba? Har 1918, kasar kidaya lokacin da Julian kalanda. Amma a watan Fabrairu, Rasha switched zuwa da Gregorian kalanda. A tawaye dade kwana biyu, a kan Oktoba 25-26, a cikin tsohon style, da kuma a cikin Tarayyar Soviet festival aka yi bikin a wani sabon hanyar - a kan 7 da 8 ga watan Nuwamba. Amma da sunan da ya rage a matsayin tunawa da daya daga cikin mafi girma da abubuwan da suka faru na karni na ashirin, wanda canza hanya na tarihin duniya.

A girmamawa ga halittar thematic kungiyoyin kira kauyuka da gundumomi, tituna, kasuwanci, cinemas. Alal misali, a shekarar 1923, halitta da wani rukuni na yara wanda ake kira da kansu Octobrists. A alewa factory "Red Oktoba" tuna da ƙaunar da yawa daga Russia.

hutu Tarihi

7 Nuwamba (hutu a cikin Tarayyar Soviet) da kawai wata rana a cikin shekarar 1918. A Moscow, a yankin da kuma lardin birane a Rasha sun zanga-zangar da kuma farati. Ya aka ɗauke ta a matsayin fitarwa, wani "ja" rana kalanda. A shekara ta 1927, da umarnin da Presidium na kwamitin tsakiya na bikin fara bikin 7 da 8 ga watan Nuwamba. A shekarar 1990, ta domin na Gorbachev ta 8th yawan zama aiki a sake. A shekarar 1996, wannan bikin shugaba Yeltsin sake masa suna da "Ranar yarda." A shekara ta 2004 ya soke V. V. Putinym kuma a shekarar 2005 ya zama wani aiki rana.

Kasashen kasashen makwabta har yanzu bikin wannan rana a karkashin tsohon sunan - Rãnar da Oktoba juyin juya halin. Wadannan sun hada da Belarus, Transnistria da kuma Kyrgyzstan.

Parade a kan Red Square

Tun shekarar 1918 sau biyu a shekara farati, wanda aka samu halartar jami'an sojoji da kuma soja kayan aiki: 1 May kuma 7 ga watan Nuwamba. Holiday a cikin tarayyar Soviet bayan da Oktoba juyin juya halin da aka wani gagarumin taron domin duk ma'aikata. A farati dauki shugaba na mutane da kwamandan a manyan, kazalika da shugabannin manyan masana'antu.

A 1941, da farati da ake dan lokaci soke har 1945. A lokacin babban Patriotic War, kasar ba zai yiwu ba ga janye soja da fasaha don yaƙi tashoshin. A musamman da taron an dauke su da nassi na sojojin a shekarar 1945. Domin wannan biki da aka gudanar na musamman selection na ma'aikatan: shekaru - matasa, fiye da shekaru 30 da haihuwa, tsawo - 176-178 cm, soja awards. Bayan shekarar 1945, farati da a kan Red Square da aka gudanar kawai sau daya a kowace shekara 5. A 1995, da nassi daga dakarun da ke a kafa, ba tare da kayan aikin soji.

Zanga-zanga a cikin girmamawa ga Oktoba juyin juya halin Day

Idan farati da aka gudanar a birnin Moscow da kuma manyan birane, da zanga-zangar - wannan taron kowane Locality a Rasha daga babban birnin kasar zuwa babbar shiri cibiyoyin. Su duk segments na yawan aka hannu: ma'aikata, dalibai, manoma da kuma dalibai. Nuwamba 7 hutu a cikin Tarayyar Soviet aka tare da babbar sha'awa da farin ciki na kowane mazaunan ƙasar.

Zanga-zanga - shi ne mai jama'a aukuwa, wucewa kungiyoyin na mutane a kan babban titunan birnin a wani guda siyasa yanayi. A procession yana tare da music, taken, flags, Banners kuma hotuna na aiki shugaban kasa. A shafi na mutane da shan kashi, shi ne a tsakiyar ɓangare na birnin, babban square da dandamali tare da jam'iyyar da jama'a shugabannin.

Da nassi aikin sa a gaba mafi kyau ma'aikata da kuma dalibai, tare da wani procession na jigo ado kai, tsarkakewa, dancing, wasan akrobat da kuma wasanni da dakuna. Daga cikin podium busa taya murna a kan 7 ga watan Nuwamba. A hutu a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, waqe game da abin da ya rubuta Rasha mai kasida, wahayi zuwa ga dukan al'umma. Mutane yi imani da cewa sun kasance free kuma farin ciki daga rana, mai girma juyin juya halin.

A mafi muhimmanci shekaru (Chronicle, 1918)

Musamman tunawa kwanaki suna dauke: da farko rabo na 1918, kazalika da farati da na 1941 da kuma 1945. 7 Nuwamba - wani biki a Tarayyar Soviet, taya murna ga mutane a wancan lokacin sun mai muhimmanci siyasa mataki.

7-8 Nuwamba 1918:

• "Pantomime" a Red Square.
• afuwa girmama na 1st da ranar tunawa.
• Opening na tunawa Jaures, Karl Marx da Engels.
• haduwa da kuma concert.
• firaministan theme daga cikin play "Mystery-Bouffe".
• Lenin ta magana zuwa Cheka ma'aikata.

Parade a lokacin yaki (Chronicle 1941)

1941. 5 watanni akwai wani yaki da Jamus. Amma akwai zo a kan 7 ga watan Nuwamba. Abin da hutu ne zai yiwu a Tarayyar Soviet, lokacin da gaban line 'yan kilomita daga babban birnin kasar? Amma Stalin yanke shawarar cewa masana tarihi daga baya ake kira "wani m soja aiki." Yanã ciyarwa mafi grand farati, tare da dukan zamani soja kayan aiki ga makiya ta hanci. Da rabi na sassa bayan farati a kan Red Square da kuma na sirri bankwana shugabannin jama'a nan da nan suka tafi wajen ƙofar. Kwafi na Ingila da Faransa, Adadin labarai da hotuna na Rasha sojojin da suka tafi yaƙi tare da wasan wuta da kuma tafi yaƙi. Wannan tafi, "wani biki a lokacin yaki," dauke da ruhun Soviet sojojin. Kuma Hitler, bisa ga memoirs nan da nan yanayi, infuriated.

Shirye-shirye domin bikin fara ranar 24 ga watan Oktoba karkashin shiriya Artemyev da Zhigareva generals. The musamman da suka bambanta da matsala shi ne a cikin tsanani halin asiri da cakuduwa - a cikin kewaye birni matsayi. Nuwamba 6, Stalin da aka saduwa a cikin girmamawa ga hutu a Metro (tashar "Mayakovskaya"). Taya magana Cif na watsa shirye-shirye zuwa ga daukacin kasar.

Babban hadari a lokacin farati wakilci Jamus iska karfi. An yi imani da cewa Jamus jirgin saman soja kamfani tashi daga birnin zuwa daya bugun jini hallaka dukan gwamnatin da Tarayyar Soviet. A wannan batun, a kan Nuwamba 5 Rasha jirage bamai maƙiyi hadahada. Kuma kawai hasashen yanayi da cewa saboda low girgije ne maras tashi weather, shi defuses halin da ake ciki. A dare, lit da Kremlin taurari, ya dauki kashe da ɓadda kama tare da kabarin, da kuma na gaba safe a 8 ƙarfe fara daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci Charts a cikin tarihi.

1945. nasara

A shekarar farko ta zaman lafiya. Gaji da tsoro na yaki, mutane suna so farin ciki. Bayan da babban nasara farati kowane taron ya ba da wani sabon tunani na duniya, shi ne ba togiya da kuma 7 ga watan Nuwamba. Abin da irin biki a Tarayyar Soviet: taya jawabai, a farati na Tsohon soji, gaishe! Kuma duk wannan shi ne a kan gãɓar rãmi na Cold War tare da Amurka. Ko da rahoton na Molotov a Rãnar da Oktoba juyin juya halin - mai mayar da martani ga tarayyar Soviet da Amurka tsokana.

Daga wannan lokacin ya fara da makamai tseren da kuma rike da suna a kasar, don haka mai arziki a cikin fasaha yan baiwa. Wannan adawa tsakanin kasashen biyu zai šauki har 1963. Domin shekaru 18 Rasha za su mayar da birane da aka rusa, don sake jefa samar. Kuma ta 1990, shi zai fara zuwa manta abin da sunan hutu a kan Nuwamba 7 a cikin Tarayyar Soviet.

Abu wulakantacce ko abu akan sake haihuwa?

A shekarar 1996, bikin da ya samu wani sunan. A shekara ta 2004, kafin canja wurin fitarwa a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba (Rãnar National Unity), zamantakewa himmar aiki kungiyar ta gudanar da wani binciken a tsakanin matasa da kuma tsakiyar-shekaru 'yan asalin kasar. Manufar - mallaki bayanai game da abubuwan da suka faru na Oktoba juyin juya halin da kuma da muhimmancin a rayuwar Russia. Kawai 20% na weights amsa da tambaya game da abin da irin wani biki bikin on Nuwamba 7 a cikin Tarayyar Soviet.

Mene ne wannan? Disadvantages na ilimi ko wani real bukatar zamani tsara zuwa ci gaba ba tare da tunani game da tarihi na kakanninsu? A wasu lokuta, masana ilimin tunani na yi imani da cewa lokaci ya motsa daga cikin rigima events - yana nufin daidai da mafi sauri ta motsa zuwa ga ci gaba. Ina bukatan rana kashe a yau, da muhimmancin wanda ya mutu tare da kasar?

A halin yanzu, Oktoba juyin juya halin - shi ne mai shubuha sabon abu. Ta yana da wani m kewayon kimomi da masana tarihi. A farko ra'ayi - yana da ba bisa doka ba, damƙa daga ikon, wanda ya jagoranci kasar zuwa ga wani totalitarian tsarin mulki. Wasu na da'awa cewa fitina ya zama dole. Yana bi da Rasha zuwa wani zamani al'umma ba jari hujja hanya, da kuma wannan ne na musamman da harka a tarihi. Godiya ga juyin juya halin kasar don kauce wa siyasar auka, wanda ya makawa bayan da abdication na sarki. Ƙasa za a raba kasashe irin su Birtaniya da kuma Amurka. Rasha al'ada, jama'a da kuma ko da harshen kawai daina wanzuwa.

Bugu da kari a wadannan biyu, ra'ayin, akwai matsakaici kalamai na yadda zai yi ya faru, idan ta kasance ba ga juyin juya halin. Alal misali, a tarihin farfesa I. Froyanov ce:

"Wannan shi ne ma muhimmanci episode a cikin tarihi, da kuma sa a da alamar ko mai debe ne kawai ba daidai ba. W hen akwai wani canji na gwamnati, da kalmar "siyasa da juyin juya halin" shi ne mafi dace domin wannan sabon abu. Amma duk da haka fiye da daya tsara zai tuna da sunan hutu a kan Nuwamba 7 a cikin Tarayyar Soviet, domin shi ne mai lura memory na fatan da kuma girman kai na Rasha mutane. "

Wannan ranar da aka nema reconsideration zuri'armu. Sũ ne waɗanda suka zai auna, bincika da kuma kwatanta gaskiya da har yanzu haka haushi kusa da mu.