Nawa madara wata sãniya bada rana - kudi da kuma records

Dairy kayayyakin da muke amfani da kowace rana. Ko yara san cewa madara yawan amfanin ƙasa na saniya. Amma nawa madara wata sãniya bada rana, da kuma lokacin da ta fara yi shi, shi ne ba kowane balagagge.

Lokacin da saniya fara nuna madara

Girma da kuma girma wadannan ikon dabba sannu a hankali. Na dogon lokaci da master daukan kula da sabon chick, fatan a samu kawai a nan gaba. Jima'i balaga yakan faru a cikin shanu bayan rabin shekara, amma wannan matasa dabba ba a shirye zuwa haihuwa. Kawai daya da rabi ko shekaru biyu, a lokacin da maraƙi shi ne cikakken ci gaba da isa wani nauyi na 300 kg, shi hadu. Ciki shanu yana for 9 months, daga game da 240 to 311 kwanaki. Bayan haihuwar da maraƙi bayyana madara. A karo na farko wata sãniya samar colostrum, wanda ciyarwa da maraƙi, shi ba ya cinye a matsayin abinci. Kamar wancan ne, ma'abũcin saniya za su iya sami farko madara ne kawai biyu da rabi zuwa uku shekaru.

Yadda kwanaki da yawa wata sãniya ba madara

A saniya iya sarrafa madara duk shekara zagaye. Hankali rage madara yawan amfanin ƙasa, samfurin ingancin rage-rage. Domin kara lactation, da shanu suna inseminated a kowace shekara. Maraƙin saniya rike bada madara, amma a 'yan watanni kafin kaddamar da danginsu anfaninta. Wannan yana nufin cewa dabba ne a hankali gushe a milked, da kuma madara da aka rasa. Wajibi ne ga jiki zuwa sauran, da kuma dukan sojojin aika zuwa maraƙi ci gaba. Idan wannan ba a yi, da kuma saniya da jariri za a tsautsayi.

Saboda haka, lactation zamani yana ba fiye da 320 kwana, kuma matattu itace - kusan shida zuwa takwas makonni. Mai shanu ba madara bayan na biyu, uku da na hudu calving.

muhimmanci bayanai

Abin da kayyade nawa madara wata sãniya bada rana? Wannan adadi na iya bambanta ƙwarai a cikin daban-daban shanu. Bari mu bincika abin da kayyade yadda da yawa lita na saniya madara da ake samu a kowace rana. Da fari dai, babban muhimmancin da jinsin dabbobi. Akwai kiwo, nama da kiwo da kuma nama breeds. Mafi yawa daga cikin madara yawan amfanin ƙasa na kiwo breeds, nama a cikin wannan girmamawa nisa a baya.

Na biyu, da darajar halittar jini, gadar hali da mutum halaye na dabba, domin ko a cikin wannan irin, da madara yawan amfanin ƙasa na shanu a daban-daban daban-daban.

Na uku, wani babban tasiri kan yadda yawa madara wata sãniya bada rana, shi ne da shekaru na dabba. Bayan na farko calving, shi ya ba kadan madara, yawan aiki bayan ta bakwai calving fara fada.

Kuma a karshe, daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci sigogi - da yanayin da ake tsare da abinci. Ko mafi thoroughbred saniya ba zai ba mai yawa madara idan za a ciyar da talauci.

Nawa madara yawan amfanin ƙasa kiwo shanu

Akwai da dama na kowa kiwo breeds. Dutch, watakila mafi tsoho na madara. Wasu masana sun yi imanin cewa kwayoyin halitta da wannan nau'in a ko ta wani hanya ne yanzu a duk kiwo breeds. A madara yawan amfanin ƙasa da wannan irin jeri daga 4000 kg a kowace shekara.

Holstein irin aka ɓullo a Amurka da Canada. Yau da shi ne ya fi kowa kiwo irin a duniya. Its yadda ya dace na iya zama fiye da 7000 kg na madara a kowace shekara. Madara yawan amfanin ƙasa dogara a kan yanayin damina, da kuma a cikin kasashen da milder canjin yanayin iya isa 10,000 kg a kowace shekara. Bisa ga wadannan bayanai, za mu iya ce nawa madara wata sãniya bada rana da wannan irin - da talakawan madara yawan amfanin ƙasa a cikin Rasha tattalin arzikin - daga 20 zuwa 40 lita da rana.

Simmental irin ne tartsatsi a Rasha. Ta ba kawai yana da kyau madara samarwa - game da 5000 kg na madara a kowace shekara (a karkashin wani yanayi - har zuwa 9000 kg), amma kuma m nama halaye.

Yaroslavl irin aka dauki daya daga cikin mafi kyau muka samu. Wadannan baki tare da wani farin tabo a kan saniya ta kai yana da kyau saba da daban-daban yanayin damina da kuma iya samar da har zuwa 5000 kg na madara.

A cikin filayen sau da yawa za gani holmogorskoj breeds, wanda daidai nuna kanta a wani sanyi sauyin yanayi, da kuma bada fiye da 6000 kg. High sama nuna ayshirskaya irin, kuma fi son wani sanyi sauyin yanayi. Black-da-White irin na iya samar da har zuwa 6000 kg na madara a kowace shekara, a Bugu da kari, wadannan dabbobi suna da wasu kyau nama halaye.

Nama da kiwo breeds ba daga 3 000 zuwa 5 000 kg na madara a kowace shekara.

Yadda wata sãniya ba madara: matsayin da records

Calving karo na farko Burenka iya samar 8-9 galan na madara a kowace rana, thoroughbred saniya bayan calving biyu - daga 15 zuwa 40 lita da rana. Idan wani balagagge mutum yana kasa da 10 lita, wannan shi ne shaidar matalauta kula ko cutar.

Amma a cikin shãnu suna real zakarun. Alal misali, an American saniya Julian Holstein shekara ya 30.805 kg madara, Linda wannan irin - 28740 kg.

Shanu a kan m baki da fari irin mai suna Rossiyanka samu 19.106 kg na madara a kowace shekara.

Rubuce records da kuma a kan kullum udoyu. Cuban Ubre Blanca, a gicciye tsakanin wani Holstein da humped zebu, domin wata rana ya 110,9 kg. Kada jinkirta, kuma mu shanu - Black-da-White kuma Yaroslavl da aka bai on 82 kg, holmogorskaja - 78 kg.