Mene ne vegetative gabobin da tsire-tsire

Promotion na shuke-shuke a cikin ƙasa tare da wani yawan aromorphoses (ingantaccen juyin canje-canje), daya daga wanda ya fitowan bambanta gabobin - shoot da kuma tushen. Wannan vegetative gabobin da tsire-tsire da hannu a duk m matakai na jiki ta harshen damo wanin jima'i haifuwa (alhakin shi generative gabobin). Su main ayyuka ne abinci mai gina jiki da kuma metabolism tare da waje duniya. Shuka rayuwa a lokaci guda a cikin biyu muhallin - yanayi da kuma lithosphere - hade tare da bukatar ci gaba, da kuma ƙasa, da kuma iska. Tare da kowanne daga cikin wadannan kafofin watsa labarai mu'amala musamman gabobin.

Vegetative gabobin na mafi girma shuke-shuke kasu kashi karkashin kasa (tushen) da kuma aboveground (harbe). Tare da shuka tushen tsayayyen a cikin ƙasa, sha danshi da kuma gina jiki daga gare shi, tara su da kuma hawa zuwa tserewa, da kuma a wasu lokuta ya yi vegetative yaduwa. Modified tushen ne tushen tubers (Urushalima artichoke, dahlia), tushen amfanin gona (beets, karas), madadin-tushen (pandanus, banyan), m Tushen (orchids), numfashi Tushen (taksodium), sucker Tushen (aiwi). Da farko, wadannan vegetative gabobin da aka tsara don ma'adinai abinci mai gina jiki, amma a wasu lokuta da suka yi da mafi m fasali. M tushen wasu orchids adana up yanayi danshi, yayin da taksodiuma yi numfashi aiki. Mutane da yawa epiphytes suka rataya a cikin iska, godiya ga gaban chlorophyll da koren launi da kuma suna da hannu a photosynthesis.

Babban aiki na gudun hijira - carbon iko. A bambanci ga tushen, shi ne wani hadadden sashin jiki ya kunshi raba juna sassa - tushe, ganye da kuma buds. A dangane da wannan gudun hijira ne, wani lokacin kyan gani, kamar yadda na musamman tsarin hada da raba amma m sassa. A wasu kafofin za ka iya ko da saduwa da da'awar cewa na kara, ganye da kuma buds - wannan shi ne ma da vegetative gabobin da shuke-shuke. Harbe su ne vegetative (leafy) da kuma generative (qazanta ganye, furanni da kuma 'ya'yan itatuwa).

A gudun hijira na da tushe ne na kara, wanda daukawa fitar da alaka tsakanin tushen da kuma foliage, tana goyon bayan da generative gabobin da kuma daukawa fitar da kai daga cikin ruwa da narkar da na gina jiki. Wani lokaci da kara ne da hannu a vegetative haifuwa, da kuma a wani matasa shekaru - kuma a photosynthesis. A takardar ayyuka kamar yadda photosynthesis, transpiration, gas musayar, adanar abubuwa da micropropagation. Koda - shi ne rudimentary mafaka.

A lokacin yanayin halitta na juya (mutum cin) vegetative shuka gabobin iya sha bayyanawa canje-canje a cikin tsarin (metamorphosis). Wannan na iya zama saboda takamaiman sauyin yanayi siffofin rayuwa a cikin abin da wasu sassa na shuke-shuke canza su na asali ayyuka. Alal misali, a cikin m habitats na da yawa jinsunan ganye canza kama zuwa ƙaya, ko ma'aunan don rage danshin surface. A kara tsire (Afirka Euphorbia, cacti) fleshy zangarniya - shi vodozapasayuschy kuma photosynthetic sashin jiki, wanda a cikin axils na ganye undeveloped girma guntu harbe tare da hõre nunannun na ƙaya. Carnivorous shuke-shuke (drosophyllum, pinguicula, sundew) ganye suna tuba zuwa real tarkuna, waxanda suke da m ko aiki hanya zuwa kama kwari. Wasu inabõbi (Passiflora, inabi) m harbe ya canza kama zuwa hawa gabobin (antennae) - shi ne ma mai metamorphosis.

Vegetative gabobin da tsire-tsire da hannu a sake yiwuwar tohowarsu, wanda shi ne samuwar wata matasa kwayoyin daga duk wani ɓangare na iyaye. Wannan hanya na yaduwa ne ubiquitous a cikin daji da aka rayayye yi amfani da shuka. A wannan yanayin, amfani da qware gabobin (Tushen, kwararan fitila, tubers da kuma stolons) da kuma na al'ada (mai tushe, ya fita).

A ƙananan tsire-tsire vegetative gabobin ne su dukan jiki, misali, da mycelium na naman gwari.