Mene ne damar da haruffa? Yadda za a sami ikon daga cikin haruffa: da dabara

Modern fasahar kwamfuta, informatics, ikon haruffa, lambobi tsarin da kuma wasu Concepts ne mafi kai tsaye dangane tsakanin su. Very 'yan mutane a yau ne masani a cikin wadannan al'amura. Bari mu yi kokarin bayyana abin da ikon da haruffa, yadda za a lissafa da kuma nema a yi. A nan gaba, wannan shi ne babu shakka, zai iya zama da amfani a yi.

Ta yaya ne bayanai

Kafin kafa fita don gano wannan tambaya na abin da yake cikin cardinality daga cikin haruffa, da kuma a general, abin da shi ne, ya kamata ka fara, don haka ya yi magana, daga karce.

Lalle mun san cewa a yau akwai musamman ma'auni tsarin na wani darajar, a kan tushen da reference dabi'u. Alal misali, domin irin wannan dabi'u na nisa kuma shi ne mita, domin wani taro da kuma nauyi - nauyi, domin lokaci jinkiri - seconds, da dai sauransu

Amma yadda za a auna girma na bayanai a ji na rubutu? Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa mas'ala ta da ikon da haruffa da aka gabatar.

Mene ne damar da haruffa: da farko ra'ayi

Saboda haka, idan ka bi general mulki cewa karshe darajar da yawa ne mai siga da kayyade yawan sau da reference naúra tana suya a cikin daukar darajar, za mu iya cewa da ikon da haruffa ne jimlar adadin harufa da amfani ga wani musamman harshe.

Don yin shi bayarda, bari mu bar wannan tambaya na yadda za a sami ikon daga cikin haruffa ajiye, da kuma kula da haruffa kansu, ba shakka, cikin sharuddan bayanai fasaha. Wajen magana, cikakken jerin daga cikin alamomin amfani ƙunshi haruffa, lambobi, daban-daban baka, musamman haruffa, da alamun, da dai sauransu Duk da haka, idan muka kusanci tambaya na abin da ikon da haruffa shi ne kwamfuta na tushen hanya, ya kamata a hada a nan ma rata (da rata tsakanin ɗaiɗaikun kalmomi ko wasu alamomin).

Dauki misali da Rasha harshen, ko kuma wajen, keyboard layout. Bisa ga sama, da cikakken jerin ƙunshi 33 haruffa, 10 lambobin da 11 musamman haruffa. Saboda haka, duka damar da haruffa ne 54.

Bayani alama nauyi

Duk da haka, da janar ra'ayi na da ikon da haruffa ba saka da yanayin da lissafi na kundin bayanai rubutu dauke da haruffa, lambobi da kuma alamomin. Wannan na bukatar wani musamman m.

Amma, ina zaton, da kyau, shi ne abin da za a da ƙaramar kafa cikin sharuddan kwamfuta tsarin, da yawa haruffa da shi zai iya rike? Amsa: biyu. Ga me ya sa. Gaskiyar ita ce, kowane hali, ko na zama wata wasika ko lambar yana da nauyi bayani a kan wanda na'ura da kuma gane cewa lalle shi ne a gaban ta. Amma da kwamfuta wai kawai zai fahimci misali a cikin nau'i na wadanda kuma zeros a kan abin da, a gaskiya, kafa dukan kimiyya.

Saboda haka, wani hali za a iya wakilta jerin hada da lambobi 1 da 0, Ina nufin, kadan jerin ake sanya wasika, yawan ko alama kunshi biyu aka gyara.

The sosai guda bayanai nauyi, dauka a matsayin misali bayanai naúra tana kira a bit (1 bit). Haka kuma, 8 ragowa sa up daya byte.

Misali na haruffa a binary code

Saboda haka, abin da yake da ikon da haruffa, ina zaton, shi ne kadan m. Yanzu dubi sauran al'amari, musamman, m m cikin ikon yin amfani da binary code. Kamar yadda wani misali domin sauki mu dauki haruffa dauke da kawai 4 alama.

Biyu-lambobi binary code jerin da bayanai misali za a iya bayyana kamar haka:

Saboda haka - sauki ƙarshe: ikon N = 4 haruffa alama ce naúrar nauyi ne 2 ragowa.

Idan muka yi amfani da uku-lambobi binary code for da haruffa, misali, tare da 8 haruffa, yawan haduwa zai zama:

A wasu kalmomin, a lokacin da ikon da haruffa N = 8, da nauyi na daya alama ce ga wani uku lambobi binary code shi ne daidai 3 ragowa.

Yadda za a sami ikon daga cikin haruffa da kuma amfani da shi a kwamfuta sharuddan

Yanzu bari mu yi kokarin dubi dangantaka da nuna da yawan lambobi a cikin code da kuma ikon da haruffa. Formula inda N - haruffa Tsarin Harafi Bayan ikon, kuma b - da yawan lambobi a cikin binary code zai yi kama da wannan:

N = 2 ^b

Watau, 2 ¹ = 2, 2 ² = 4, 2 ³ = 8, 2 ⁴ = 16, da dai sauransu Wajen magana, da ake bukata adadin lambobi na binary code shi ne alama ce nauyi. A cikin sharuddan da bayanin da ya kama da wannan:

Ji data girma

Duk da haka, shi ne kawai wani sauki misali, sai su yi magana, ga wani na farko fahimtar abin da ikon da haruffa. Ci gaba kai tsaye zuwa aiki.

A wannan mataki na ci gaba da kwamfuta fasaha don buga tushen capitalization, babban kuma Ƙaramin baki haruffa, QFontDatabase da kuma Latin haruffa, alamomin rubutu, parentheses, ilmin lissafi alamomin, da dai sauransu. Yana amfani da 256 characters. Kahu a kan gaskiyar cewa 2 ⁸ 256 shi ne, ba wuya a tsammani cewa nauyi kowane alama ce a cikin wannan haruffa ne 8, Ina nufin, 8 ragowa ko 1 byte.

Idan muka ɗauka duk aka sani sigogi, zaka iya samu da ake bukata darajar da bayanai girma na wani rubutu. Alal misali, muna da kwamfuta rubutu, dauke da 30 shafukan. Daya page ne 50 Lines na 60 haruffa ko wani haruffa, ciki har da sarari.

Saboda haka, daya page zai dauke da 50 x 60 = 3000 bytes na bayanai, da kuma duk rubutu - 3,000 x 50 = 150,000 bytes. Kamar yadda ka gani ko da kananan rubutu da aka auna a bytes m. Kuma abin da game da dukan laburare?

A wannan yanayin shi ne mafi alhẽri fassara a cikin wani more iko girma darajar - Kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, da dai sauransu Kahu a kan gaskiyar cewa, misali, 1 kilobyte ne 1024 bytes (2 ^10), da kuma megabyte - Fabrairu ¹⁰ Kilobytes (1,024 Kbytes), shi ne mai sauki yin lissafi da cewa adadin rubutu bayanai da kuma ilmin lissafi magana domin wannan misali zai zama 150000/1024 = 146 484 375 Kilobytes ko megabytes na kimanin 0,14305.

maimakon posleloviya

A general, shi ne taƙaitaccen da kuma duk, game da shawara na abin da ikon da haruffa. Ya zauna a ƙara cewa a cikin wannan bayanin da aka yi amfani da zalla ilmin lissafi m. Ba sai an fada ba tare da cewa da na ginin jumla kaya na rubutu a wannan yanayin ba a dauke.

Amma, idan muka kusanci review na shi daga wani wuri cewa ya ba mutum wani abu don yin tunãni a kan, wani sa na m haduwa ko jerin haruffa a wannan batun zai yi sifili zirga-zirga kaya, ko da yake, daga ra'ayi na manufar data girma, sakamakon shi ne har yanzu yiwuwa yin lissafi.

A general, ilmi na da ikon da haruffa da kuma related matsalolin ba haka da wuya a gane na farko da za a iya amfani da su a gabar mataki. A wannan yanayin, wani mai amfani da kusan kowace rana da fuskantar wannan. Don buga wani misali da wani m Word processor ko wani daga cikin wannan matakin, wanda yana amfani da irin wannan tsarin. Amma ba dame shi tare da saba "Notepad." Ga Alphabet ƙananan ikon, tun bugawa ba a yi amfani da, misali, babban birnin kasar haruffa.