Faransa marubuci Anri Barbyus: biography, kerawa da kuma ban sha'awa facts

Daya daga cikin shahararrun Faransa marubuta na farkon na XX karni - Anri Barbyus. Mafi littattafai ɗaukaka shi a matsayin anti-yaki Poster, pacifist abokin gaba da tashin hankali a duk wani nau'i. Ya zama daya daga cikin na farko da mafi idon basira da kuma naturalistic bayyana munin yakin duniya na farko.

farko matakai

Anri Barbyus aka haife shi a 1873 a arewa maso yammacin unguwannin Paris, wani karamin gari a Asnieres-sur-Seine, bayan juyin juya hali, wanda ya zama Popular tare da Rasha baƙi.

An haife shi a cikin iyali na kasa da kasa Faransa da kuma Turanci. Mahaifinsa ma wani marubuci, shi ne ba abin mamaki ba cewa dansa ya shiga da kuma nasarar sauke karatu daga Faculty of Wallafe-wallafe a Sorbonne. Barbyusa farko matakai a adabi ya tarin waqe-waqe, "The Wailers", da aka buga a 1895. Kamar dai yadda 'yan shekaru baya rubuta Science "Jahannama" da kuma "Beseeching" samfurin infused mummunan zato. A wannan Popular ba su amfani.

a gaban,

A shekara ta 1914, Anri Barbyusa rayuwa ya canja da cika fuska. Ya sadaukar da zuwa gaban su yi yaƙi da Jamus. A 1915, aka yi masa rauni da kuma ajiye domin kiwon lafiya dalilai. Domin hannu a tashin aka bayar da Soja Cross, amma babban abin da ya kawo daga gaban - yana da sirri motsin zuciyarmu da kuma gogewa da kafa da dalilin da ya "wuta" mafi ni'ima littafin.

A nufi da wannan aiki ya bayyana a gaban, a tsakanin ta faɗa. Game da shi Barbusse ya ce a cikin haruffa da matarsa ba. Juya aiwatar da ra'ayi fara a asibiti a karshen 1915. A littafin da aka jimawa gama a watan Agusta 16th ya riga ya fara da za a buga a cikin jaridar "Creativity." A raba edition na aikin da aka buga a tsakiyar Disamba na wannan shekara da wallafa gidan "Flammarion". An kuma ba da lambar yabo na Prix Goncourt Henri Barbusse - mafi babbar Faransa wallafe-wallafen kyautar.

"Wuta" - da babban Roman Barbyusa

A babin farko na labari samfurin ne idan aka kwatanta da "Divine Comedy" by Dante, wanda ya ba da littafin a poetic hali. Heroes "Wuta," kamar yadda idan wani procession daga sama zuwa karshe da'irar Jahannama. A wannan yanayin, addini bayanin kula bace, da kuma imperialist yaki bayyana mafi muni fiye da mafi dama ƙirƙirãwa na wani marubuci. A littafin "The Last na ta m gaskiya", saboda labari Barbusse a foreword da farko Rasha edition na Maxim Gorky rubuta.

Xan hango na m haruffa riga bayyana a cikin "Vision" da sosai farko babi. Yana gaya labarin duniya "aljanna" a cikin Swiss duwãtsu. Babu yaki, da kuma mutane da suke zaune a can, wakilan daban-daban al'ummai sun zo fahimtar amfaninsa, kuma tsoro na yaki.

A wannan ƙarshe zo da babban haruffa da labari - da sojoji. A karshe babi, "Dawn" suke tada. Biography Barbyusa Anri ne a hankali related to abubuwan da suka faru da aka bayyana a cikin labari. Ya main saƙo - makawa isowa daga cikin talakawa neman sauyi ideas. A kara kuzari ga wannan ne da sa hannu na kusan duk kasashen Turai a cikin imperialist yaki.

The labari da aka rubuta a cikin nau'i na "Diary of a mutanena su ka." Wannan damar da marubucin ya sa labarin yadda idon basira a matsayin yiwu, wadannan haruffa, mai karatu ne sai a wuta a gaban line, a cikin hinterland, a lokacin farin ciki da yaƙi, lokacin da mutanena su ka ci gaba da kai hari.

Barbus da Oktoba juyin juya halin

Oktoba juyin juya halin a Rasha Anri Barbyus dauki matsayin key aukuwa a cikin tarihin duniya, rayayye goyon bayan shi. A nasa ra'ayin, shi zai ba da damar duk Turai al'ummai warware daga cikin karkiyar jari hujja.

A fannoni da dama, wadannan ra'ayoyin da aka nuna a cikin labari "Clarity" a shekara ta 1919. Wahayi zuwa gare ta gurguzu juyin juya halin a Rasha, memba na Faransa na jam'iyyar kwaminis ta zama Anri Barbyus. Quotes na marubuci, ya sadaukar da events na waɗanda shekara, da'awar cewa "duniya - yana da kwanciyar hankali, tasowa daga aiki." Saboda haka, marubucin sosai imani da cewa aiki tukuru domin amfanin al'umma, mutanen da za su iya cimma farin ciki a kowace ƙasa.

Tun Anri Barbyus ya jagoranci wani aiki zamantakewa da siyasa rayuwa. A musamman, a cikin 1924, ya yi magana fitar da danniya shugabannin Tatarbunar tawaye a Romania. Sa'an nan kuma ya fara yin amfani da makamai baƙauye tawaye a Kudu Bassarabii adawa da gwamnati, da goyan bayan da Bolshevik Party.

zargi na jari hujja

Littatafan Barbyusa Anri, jerin wanda gaba labari "Hasken abyss", "Shelar na masana", da aka buga a Faransa a 20s, sadaukar da kaifi zargi da tsarin jari-hujja. A marubuci kuma ba a gane bourgeois wayewa, nace kawai a kan gaskiyar cewa a cikin shakka daga gurguzu yi a kasar ne zai yiwu a gina adalci, kuma kawai al'umma. Alal misali Barbusse dauki abubuwan da suka faru da ya faru a cikin tarayyar Soviet, musamman da ayyuka da za a dauka Iosifom Stalinym. A 1930 ya ko da ya bar 'muqala "Rasha", da kuma bayan shekaru 5, bayan mutuwarsa, aikin "Stalin." A cikin wadannan ayyuka, kawai wadannan ra'ayoyi aka daki-daki. Duk da haka, a cikin littafin na gurguzanci mahaifarsa suka zarar dakatar, kamar yadda da yawa haruffa suna kira su da cewa lokaci ya yi aka repressed.

"Stalin - da Lenin na yau" - wani aphorism cewa an rubuta ta Barbusse.

Barbus a cikin Tarayyar Soviet

Tarayyar Soviet Barbusse ziyarci 4 sau, a karon farko a 1927. Satumba 20 m Faransa marubucin sanya a cikin Hall ginshiƙai a Moscow, tare da rahoton "White Firgitar da hatsarin yakin." A wannan shekara ya sanya dukan tafiya a kan gina wani gurguzu jihar, ya ziyarci Kharkov, Tbilisi, Batumi, Rostov-on-Don kuma Baku.

A 1932, Barbusse zo Tarayyar Soviet riga kamar yadda daya daga cikin masu shirya na kasa da kasa anti-yaki Congress, da aka gudanar a watan Agusta a Amsterdam. A da shi, sai ya bashe ya shahara magana "I jĩfar".

Ya gaba ziyarar da ya zo daidai da zaben na wani girmamawa memba na Tarayyar Soviet Academy of Sciences. Bayan da cewa shi aka ɗauki cikinsa da kuma fara aiki a kan wani littafin game da Stalin. A watan Yuli 1935, Barbusse karshe ziyarci Moscow, rayayye yi aiki a kan littafin, karatu da takardu, ganawa da abokai da abokan hulda na Lenin. Duk da haka, don kammala aiki da kuma kasa.

Barbus ba zato ba tsammani fadi da rashin lafiya da ciwon huhu da kuma mutu a Moscow a 30 ga watan Agusta, 1935. Bayan 3 kwanaki, da jiki da aka za'ayi a Faransa a Belarus tashar jirgin, a bankwana taron.

A marubuci aka binne shi a Paris ta shahara Père Lachaise hurumi a kan 7 ga watan Satumba. Farewell Barbousse juya a cikin wani siyasa zanga-zanga na United Popular Front.