Daga jama'a art piggy bankunan: na gida ATVs

A ƙasa na tsohon Tarayyar Soviet sun shagaltar da daya da shida na ƙasar, wanda ke nufin cewa ba duk da sassa samu damar gina kyawawan hanyoyi. Undeveloped expanses na Far Arewa, taiga hanyõyi, marshy filayen Tyumen, da m matakan tsakiyar band - duk wuraren da zama m lokacin kaka-hunturu lokacin. Babu hanyoyi, kawai kwatance. A bisa ga al'ada, da motsi na karko yankunan amfani da sa ido motocin ko jirgin sama.

Ga mazauna m kauyuka gaba daya m sha'awa cikin wani dabara da yake iya cin nasara da rashin hanyoyi. Duk da haka, masana'antu na mota ya kadan su bayar, musamman idan ka bukatar duk-ƙasa abin hawa na kananan size, tattali da kuma m. Rubuce, yana yiwuwa ka saya shigo, amma shi ne da wuya wata sauki kauye iya iya shi. The kawai hanyar - ƙirƙirãwa da kuma gina dama inji kanta - improvised. Kuma, Muka sanya na gida ATVs, dangane da damar da yin amfani da duk samuwa bayani. Kuma da rashin dabara na mu mutane sun taba koka.

A tarihin firtsi

The girma, daga dukan nau'i na giciye-kasa motocin bayyana a cikin postwar lokaci. ATV sanya crawler-sa ido ski, amma ya bayyana mafi alamar model ATV pneumatics (manyan-diamita ƙafafun da wani ciki matsin lamba daga sama zuwa rabin wani yanayi). Wadannan ƙafafun da damar da na'ura ba ya fada a cikin snowdrifts, amincewa matsawa a kan Heart lãka kasa, har ma da cin nasara da marshland.

Daya daga cikin na farko "gida" ya zama Karakata ƙasa motocin - babur, ya sa a kan hula daga truck. Na gida ATVs taru da gwani sana'a a arewacin kasar, sun sosai dadi ga hunturu kama kifi, tun da shi ne sauƙin rinjãye ku, kuma snow drifts, kuma komai a fili a cikin kankara-rami, ba nutsar. Domin da kamara a lokacin da hauhawar farashin kaya ba ya zama kamar wani Donut, shi da aka kewaye da ɗamararku, wanda, ba zato ba tsammani, ya zama m lugs, hana slippage. Duk da haka, da za a warmed zuwa tafiya a irin wannan "mu'ujiza" da ake bukata sosai. Saboda haka, da yawa kara aukuwa faruwa a kan tushen da gawawwakin motoci da UAZ.

Af, American kuma Kanad zanen kaya sun kuma gudanar da irin wannan ci gaban. Alal misali, duk-ƙasa abin hawa a kan pnevmokatah da asali engine tare da American kamfanin "Lockheed". Maimakon ƙafafun a cikin wannan model - uku pnevmokata, domin kayyade da radial makamai wanda aka yi amfani da tare da 120 digiri kwana sadarwa.

Tsarin bambance-bambance ATVs

Wheeled na gida ATV iya samun daya gada (tricycles) a makirci 4 x 4 - biyu, yayin da Students 6 x 6 - uku. A Amurka da kuma Kanada kashe-hanya abin hawa ci karo da kewaye 8 x 8.

Daya daga cikin zane fasali pnevmokatov ne da alaƙa firam. Wannan zane damar kowane dabaran dauki matsayi, ko da makwabta da kusurwoyi mabambanta (a cikin iyaka). Irin wannan frame ake kira "hutu" kuma ya aikata aikin ayyukan biyu: shi qara kayan da aka samar da kuma rage alama na majũya ko tipping ATV. Wadannan Frames za a iya welded daga malã'iku, tashoshi, bututu na daban-daban masu girma dabam da kuma gicciye sassan.

ATVs na gida da manyan matsakaici masu girma dabam suna Fitted, kamar yadda mai mulkin, dizal injuna da kuma Otto sau da yawa amfani ga pnevmokatah ga mutum dalilai - tafiye-tafiye a cikin gandun daji, kama kifi da farauta.

Na gida ATV ga low hula matsa lamba

Mene ne kawai dabara aka yi amfani da sana'a ko kai sanar don ƙirƙirar duk-ƙasa motocin: babura, boats, mopeds, manyan motoci, motoci da kuma ko da wani karye tarakta. A mafi kaskantattu yi kunshi tillers, na gida firam da kuma tayoyin low matsa lamba Tapered belts. A uku wheeled model babban drawback ne rashin dukkan-dabaran drive.

Samar da wannan ƙasa abin hawa ba ya bukatar wani jam'i na hadaddun sassa, shi ne mafi sauki don tara da m in nauyi, da kuma engine na mota cultivator, mowers ko babur da yawa mai rahusa mota. Tun lokacin da direban ta matakin na ta'aziyya a cikin taksi frame ba tare da sifilin, sa'an nan sau da yawa saka nasu dafa shi gida cewa ko dai makaran ko sa a hita.

An kyau kwarai misali na zane ra'ayin shi ne brainchild na m A. St. Petersburg-Gargashyana - ƙasa abin hawa "Cheburator". Da farko model sanye take da engine zanen daga "Oka", wani akwatin na "Niva", da kuma gadoji da aka yi amfani da uazovsky. Irin matasan share fage da zai matsawa a gudu har zuwa kilomita 60 kuma matsar da 300 kg load. SUV aka gwada a kan hanyoyi na daban-daban mawuyaci da nuna sakamako mai kyau.

Inda zan fara?

A mataki na farko shi ne hukunci da abin da kuke bukata da kuma abin da irin duk-ƙasa abin hawa (matafila ko pnevmokatu) ka fi son. Bayan jirgin m tunani za a iya iyakance ba kawai ta gaban m sassa, amma kwarewa da daban-daban sunadaran. A mataki na gaba a samar da wani nan gaba mota ra'ayi ne don yanke shawara a kan yanayin amfani, iya aiki da kuma, ba shakka, iya aiki (yadda mutane da yawa na iya hawa shi). Sanin na farko da bukatun, za ka iya ƙirƙiri makircinsu da layout da kuma jeri na duk kayan da majalisai, shirin kujeru ga direba da fasinjoji, kazalika da kaya bay. Idan akwai damar yin amfani da Internet albarkatu, ya kamata ka gani dacewa forums, inda master diy upload photos, Charts, a raba su da matsaloli da kuma gogewa.

Yadda za a zabi engine?

Ba kowane motor dace da kafuwa a kan wani gida ATV, kamar yadda wani asali da ake bukata - tilasta sanyaya. Idan amfani da babur engine, shi ake bukata don kafa musamman casing wanda ya samar da wani m iska kwarara. Abu na biyu, kana bukatar wani mota tare da wani ikon ajiye a hali na gaggawa yanayi. Shekara-zagaye aiki ƙara saduwa da hudu-bugun jini injuna, waxanda suke da sauki don fara a cikin matsananci sanyi.

Tare da karuwa a cikin kasuwar, da yawan Sin art a cikin shakka tafi injuna daga tillers Sin samar da Japan lasisi. Wadannan raka'a ne unpretentious, abin dogara da kuma samun m farashin da yalwa da iko.

Ina yin rajistar wani gida da aka yi?

Na gida motocin kamata a rajista a Gostekhnadzor cewa ba shi da damar ƙin wannan rajista a gaban Certificate of SHEDAN.

A takardar shaida hanya ne kamar haka. A mataki na farko - rubutu bayani dalla-dalla ga yi na gida da aka yi abin hawa. Na biyu - wani roko ga gida takardar shaida jiki, wanda Ya aika da kirkiro (da samfurin) a kan takardar shaida gwaje-gwaje. The uku - auku gwajin da kuma samun takardar shaidar da na daidaitawa, wanda shugaban Gostekhnadzor.

Gostekhnadzor dole rajistar gida-yi da kuma bayar da takardar shaidar kai propelled inji (PSM), a kan wanda za a yi wa rajista a zirga-zirga da 'yan sanda hukumomi. Good luck!