Casanova - wanda shi ne wannan? History of Giacomo Casanova. A zamani ma'anar kalmar "Casanova"

Kila, yana da wuya a sami wani wanda bai sani ba da amsar wannan tambaya: Casanova - wanda shi ne wannan? Wannan kalma ya dade tun zama yanzu da kuma saba wa duk. Name wani sanannen mai kasada da kuma marubuci Giacomo Casanova daga Venice, Girolamo ya zama wani gidan sunan yau. Wannan "jama'a na duniya" ya zama daya daga cikin mafi ban sha'awa mutane da kuma wata alama ce da wani dogon-tafi XVIII karni.

Wane ne Casanova? Ya, ba shakka, an yi fice hali a lokacinsa. Domin a farkon shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa Casanova - shi ne wani Italian marubuci, marubucin dogon jerin tarihi makala, almarar labari "Iskameron". Kuma shi ne marubucin da m tarihin mai taken "Story of My Life," a cikin abin da Casanova bayyana girma da kuma m heartthrob. A cikin memoirs na Giacomo ya ba da sarari bayanin irin mores zamanin.

A versatility daga cikin mutum Casanova

Saboda haka, wanda yake Casanova? To ya Sahaban, kazalika da masu karatu da kuma jikokin Giacomo wani m hali da kuma Malamai. Casanova a cikin adabi da aka sani a matsayin mai mawallafin, mawãƙi, marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, masani, mai fassara, tarihi, lissafi, lauya, sunadarai, mawaki, da kudi da kuma jami'in diflomasiyyar. Amma a cikin sauran duniya Casanova - fasiqine yar wasan caca, alchemist, fallasa asirin halittar Falsafa ta dutse da kuma samar da wani zinariya, a duelist, a Rosicrucian, a asirce wakili, warkarwa, boka, da sauransu. Abin da duk wannan gaskiya ne, yanzu ba zai ce daidai ba wanda.

Ya m, amma shakka a grand suna a matsayin wani mai kasada hankali kiyaye bambancin labarai da ya Kasadar da soyayya harkokin, wanda lalle ne, haƙĩƙa aka gaya a abincin dare jam'iyyun da kuma cin abinci tare da su absorbent, kamar soso, da jama'a. Daga daya tebur da sauran labarun shige - jita-jita, ta yawaita.

Memoirs na Giacomo Casanova

Famous Italian iya ba samun amfani da ra'ayin cewa zuriyarsa ba tuna da shi. Saboda haka, Ya bayyana m rayuwa a kan takarda. A lokaci guda rubutu memoirs kwanan rana zuwa wannan zamanin na da mutuwar tsohuwar al'umma: fall na Faransa daular mulkinsu, bangare na Poland, da bacewar daga duniya map na Venetian Jamhuriyar. A rubutun shige duk da zamantakewa da kuma halin kirki norms na hali a lokacin.

Venetian marubuci lokaci guda mallakar biyu da Italian al'adu da kuma Faransa. Duk da improbability na abubuwan da suka faru da aka bayyana a cikin memoirs, su ne na kwarai. Mutane da yawa daga cikin aukuwa na rayuwa a shafukan da rubutum samu shirin gaskiya shaida. Kokarin gabatar da kansu a cikin mafi m haske, Dzhakomo Kazanova a kan aiwatar da rubutu da swaps events gauraya Chronology. A duk wannan picaresque tarihin gabatar a cikin nau'i na jerin nasarori a kan soyayya filin, labari-aiki kasada m labari.

soyayya harkokin

Duk maganganu na soyayya sun ban sha'awa ga Italian, amma babu wani daga cikin litattafan ana ba lashe tare da bikin aure, saboda 'yancin da Casanova ya fi tsada fiye da kowane jihar. Wasu matasa Ladies ya sanar da wadanda mutane kwastan, da kuma sauran jiki jin daxi. A wannan yanayin, wani al'amari ya dauki cikakken duk: karuwai, aristocrat, arziki, matalauta, nuns, ko tare da 'yar.

Tarihi Giacomo Casanova: yarantaka

Birthplace daga cikin shahararrun Venetian 2 Afrilu 1725, Easter, kusa da coci na St. Sama'ila, ɗan da artist Gaetano Giuseppe Casanova da actresses Farussi Zanetti. Bayan da aka haife shi a cikin iyali yana da 'ya'ya biyar. A sau na girma Giacomo Venice ya Turai cibiyar na yarda, wanda shugabanni karfafa da isowa na yawon bude ido, wanda da mugunta nufi. Jamhuriyar an ba makawa abu a wani aristocratic Grand Tour da kuma ya shahara saboda caca gidaje da kuma kyakkyawan courtesans.

A cikin shekaru 11 da shekaru Giacomo farko dandana alherin da akasin jima'i a fuskar Gozzi ta ƙaramin 'yar'uwa Bettina. Sun Casanova nuna enviable kishin ilimi, wanda ya ba shi wani shawarta, Abbe, da bangaskiya a nan gaba na matasa a cikin doka filin. A shekaru 17, Giacomo ya riga ya yi digiri. Bayan dokar, yana sha'awar da yawa wasu sciences, musamman magani. A lokacin da ya nazarin ya ma kamu da cãcã.

Shigarwa cikin adulthood

Giacomo fara aiki a matsayin lauya a coci, kuma aka shigar da shi novices da sarki na Venice. By lokacin da matasa Casanova sayi musamman fara'a da kuma fara'a da kuma ya samu iko ya zama majiɓinci - Sanata Malipiero. Daga shi ya samu m wa'azi game da hali na babba azuzuwan na al'umma, da kuma koyi ga fahimtar abinci da ruwan inabi.

A Janairu 1744 Giacomo sami wani aiki a m Cardinal Acquaviva d'Argon Sakatare. Duk da haka, bayan da abin kunya da ya faru a fagen soyayya, Casanova aka sallame.

Kokarin a kan rawar da wani soja

Ba tare da mazauni a kan coci aiki, Giacomo yanke shawarar sayen wani lamban kira na Jamhuriyar Venice jami'in a watan Agusta 1744. New rawar da jũna sosai m ga shi, da kuma gabatarwa ne sosai m. Casanova an kõma zuwa ga exploits da ba soja. Saboda haka, a watan Oktoba, ya karya sabis kuma ya kõma zuwa ga 'yan qasar jamhuriyar.

Career violin Theater San Samuele

Kamar yadda wani mawaki, wasan kwaikwayo, Casanova bai kãsa ga kokarin a kan fata na da abokan aiki ya sauko cikin musharaka cikin tashin hankali orgies da kuma da yamma tare da ƙarya da suke ƙirƙirãwa barkwanci. Ba da da ewa, duk da haka, arziki murmushi sake ya fi so, wanda ya girma m rawa muzykantishki. Bashi rai na zuwa gare shi shi ne Sanata Giovanni Marco Antonio Bragadin kansa, wanda aka raunata a gondola a lokacin tafiya. A wani lokaci a lokacin da duk sun kasance a shirye don kira, firist, don haka abin da ya bari tafi zunubanku, sa'an nan ya yi addu'a a kan mutuwa, Casanova dauki magani a hannãyensu da kuma rayar da Sanata. Ya baya soma Giacomo ya zama irin majiɓinci, har mutuwarsa.

All 1749 Casanova tattaki zuwa Italiya. Kuma bayan wani gagarumin riba a cikin katin na tafi da Grand Tour. A Lyon, ya shiga cikin al'umma da Freemasons, da Order na "Rosy Cross". Koyi Faransa a Paris, Italiyanci, fassara a cikin harshe bala'i "Zoroaster", wanda yake shi kansa da kuma sanya shi a cikin Royal wasan kwaikwayo a Dresden.

kurkuku Piombo

A lokacin da tafiya zuwa Jamus da Austriya Casanova rubuta mai yawa comedic plays. Kuma ya koma zuwa Venice da navlekshi fushin Inquisition tare da su antics, Giacomo aka kama. A kurkuku, wanda ya tsare dissolute Venetian, aka yi nufi ga sanannun fursunonin siyasa. Ya sanya a yunkurinta na tsere. Amma ya aka kama, zan dasa baya zuwa kurkuku. A na biyu ƙoƙari ya tsere ya nasara, kuma Giacomo tafi Paris.

"Casanova": ma'ana a cikin zamani duniya

Yana shige da dama ƙarni, amma Lovelace zauna a cikin mutane ta ƙwaƙwalwar. Yau, kowa ya san sunan wani na kowa suna "Casanova." Wannan kalma ne sosai shahara tsakanin mutane. Babu irin wannan mutum wanda ba zai yi amfani da shi. Akwai da yawa wallafe-wallafen haruffa, movie heroes, wanda involuntarily kira kõwa fãce Casanova. Kamancin maras sunan yau ne bambancin: womanizer, ɓatacce ne,, womanizer, Ladies 'mutum, a Playboy, da kuma waɗansu da yawa. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa mafi mashahuri Dzhakomo Kazanova ya samu godiya ta zuwa ga soyayya da harkokin, wanda aka bayyana a cikin autobiographical memoirs. Game da su da kuma rubuta a yau romantic littattafai da kuma harba fina-finai.