Bronchodilators: A jerin kwayoyi, su effects da kuma aikace-aikace. rarrabuwa na bronchodilators

Na bayar da muhimmanci ga rayuwar ɗan Adam ne numfashi tsarin. A raunana na rigakafi da tsarin, da kuma daban-daban cututtuka zai iya tsokana numfashi cututtuka da cewa kai tsaye shafi ingancin rayuwa. Domin lura da irin cututtuka likitoci-amfani shirye-shirye bronchodilators. Next, la'akari da yadda wadannan kwayoyi, da rarrabuwa da kuma yin amfani da cututtuka daban-daban na numfashi gabobin.

Menene bronchodilators

Don hada bronchodilators kwayoyi da kuma kwayoyi da taimaka bronchospasm da kuma fada da haddasawa Bronchial constriction.

A abin da cututtuka za su iya faruwa, irin jihohi, la'akari da kara.

Wanne cututtuka ta amfani da bronchodilators

Akwai da dama daga cututtuka a wadda za ta iya ci gaba da wadannan cututtuka:

• Bronchospasm.
• Kumburi.
• Hypersecretion na gamsai.
• Bronchoconstriction.

A ci gaba da irin wannan cututtuka ne yiwu tare da wadannan cututtuka:

• COPD.
• Bronchial asma.
• Obstructive m mashako.
• Bronchiolitis obliterans.
• Bronchiectasis.
• Cystic fibrosis.
• Ciliary dyskinesia ciwo.
• Bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

bronchodilators daban-daban za a iya amfani da su hana bronchospasm.

iri bronchodilators

Pharmaceutical masana'antu samar da dama iri kwayoyi a cikin wannan rukuni:

• Allunan.
• Syrups.
• Kwayoyi ga allura.
• Inhalers.
• Nebulizers.

Har ila yau, za a iya raba da dama azuzuwan na bronchodilators.

Rarrabuwa da kuma jerin kwayoyi

1. Agonists. Wannan kungiyar hada da miyagun kwayoyi da suke iya daina kai hare-hare na Bronchial shãmakacẽwa. By kunnawa da adrenergic rabe hūta tsokoki na bronchi. Idan muka yi la'akari da wadannan bronchodilators, kwayoyi jerin ne kamar haka:

• "Epinephrine".
• "Isoprenaline".
• "Salbutamol".
• "Fenoterol".
• "Ephedrine".

2. M holinoblokatory. Haka kuma an yi amfani da toshe hare-hare na Bronchial shãmakacẽwa. Kwayoyi a cikin wannan kungiyar ba su saki a cikin jini, kuma ba su da wani tsari mataki. Su za a iya amfani inhalation kawai. Za ka iya yin wadannan jerin kwayoyi:

• "Atropine sulfate."
• "Metacin".
• "Ipratropium bromide."
• "Flomax".

3. Phosphodiesterase hanawa. Brohoobstruktsii cropped hare-haren da shakatawa da Bronchial m tsoka da alli shaida a endoplasmic reticulum saboda rage ta yawa a cikin cell. Inganta gefe iska, budewa aiki. Wannan kungiyar hada da:

• "Theophylline".
• "Theobromine".
• "Eufillin".

Amfani da wadannan kwayoyi na iya haifar da dizziness, tachycardia, kaifi karu a jini.

4. cakosoban mai cell membranes. Amfani na musamman ga rigakafin Bronchial spasm. Toshe alli tashoshi kuma iya hana shigarwa na alli a cikin mast Kwayoyin, game da shi warware degranulation da histamine amfanin ƙasa. A lokacin da aka kai harin ya haifar, wadannan kwayoyi ne riga m. Suna amfani a cikin nau'i na alluna ko data inhaled bronchodilators. A jerin kwayoyi ne kamar haka:

• "Cromolyn."
• "Nedocromil".
• "Ketotifen".

5. corticosteroids. Wadannan kwayoyi amfani da magani daga hadaddun siffofin Bronchial asma. Yana kuma iya a yi amfani domin yin rigakafi da taimako na bronchospasm harin. Jerin kamata hada da wadannan magunguna:

• "Hydrocortisone".
• "Prednisolone".
• "Dexamethasone".
• "Triamitsinolon".
• "Beclomethasone".

6. Alli tashar blockers. Amfani ga cupping bronhoobstuktsii. Saboda da alli tashar tarewa alli kuskure da cell, sakamakon da shakatawa na Bronchial shambura. Rage spasms, dilates jijiyoyin zuciya da kuma na gefe tasoshin. Domin kwayoyi a cikin wannan kungiya sun hada da:

• "Nifedipine".
• "Isradipine".

7. Kwayoyi da antileukotriene mataki. Tarewa leukotriene rabe inganta shakatawa bronchi. Amfani da irin wannan magani don rigakafin Bronchial harin.

Su ne sosai tasiri a cikin zalunta cututtuka cewa haifar daga shafe tsawon amfani da wadanda ba steroidal, anti-kumburi kwayoyi. Wannan category hada da wadannan magunguna:

• "Zafirlukast".
• "Montelukast."

Kammala, shi ya kamata a ce cewa ta kai tsaye mataki bronchodilators farko a kan shakatawa bronchi, amma a hanyoyi daban-daban. Ganin wadannan siffofin bronchodilators, related cuta da haƙuri ta musamman kwayoyin, za a iya sanya wani tasiri magani.

Spirography bronchodilator

Ga wani binciken da na marasa lafiya da suke sau da yawa da cututtuka na numfashi gabobin, nada spirography. Mafi sau da yawa a lokuta inda akwai da wadannan cututtuka:

• A tari cewa ba ya hana na dogon lokaci riga.
• Shortness na numfashi.
• A numfashi za a iya ji wheezing, shẽwa.
• Idan kana da ciwon wahala numfashi.

Wannan binciken Hanyar ba ka damar gane canje-canje a cikin huhu girma da kuma ayyuka. Wannan hanya ne gaba daya lafiya, amma shi ba mai yawa bayanai don dalili na tasiri magani.

Don gudanar da spirography iya zama amfani bronchodilators. List of kwayoyi iya hada wadannan medicaments:

• "Berotek".
• "Ventalin".

Spirography bronchodilator yi kafin da kuma bayan shan magani, don gano yadda da kayan aiki a kan aiki na huhu. Har ila yau, idan magunguna ana amfani da, shakatawa Bronchial shambura, shi ne niyya ko bronchospasm reversible ko babu ja. A magani aka samu ta hanyar da nebulizer ko aerosol.

Kau da kai hare-hare fuka

Tsaya ka da hankali ga miyagun ƙwayoyi amfani da asma. Bronchodilators a asma ne mafi muhimmanci da kwayoyi da cewa sun zama dole ga wani asthmatic kamar yadda ya canja kwatsam hare-hare, kazalika da su prophylaxis. Wannan zai iya hada wadannan iri bronchodilators:

• Beta-agonists.
• Anticholinergic kwayoyi.
• "Theophylline".

Magunguna na farko kungiyoyin biyu ana mafi kyau dauka ta amfani da wani inhaler ko nebulizer.

Lokacin da wani fuka hari ta taso wani gaggawa bukatar samar da taimako ga wannan dalili, a takaice-addashin inhaled bronchodilators. Su sauri cire by bronchospasm bronchus tonawa. A cikin minti, bronchodilators iya rage da yanayin haƙuri, da kuma sakamako ya ci gaba ga 2-4 hours. Tare da taimakon wani inhaler ko nebulizer iya cire bronchospasm hari a gida. Wannan hanya na isar da magunguna ga numfashi tsarin rage yawan yiwu illa, sabanin shan Allunan, ko injections da ake bukata don samun a cikin jini.

Amfani da short-aiki bronchodilators harin, dole mu tuna cewa wannan shi ne kawai motar asibiti. Idan kana bukatar ka yi amfani da su fiye da sau biyu a mako, ya kamata ka yi shãwara da likita. Watakila shi wajibi ne don karfafa iko a kan hanya da cuta, za ka iya bukatar sake magani hanyoyin.

Sarrafa seizures bronchodilators

Domin ci gaba da seizures karkashin iko, dole ne ka yi amfani da wani dogon-aiki bronchodilators. Su kuma za a iya dauka da inhalation. A sakamako za a kiyaye up to 12 hours. Wadannan kwayoyi hada da wadannan:

• "Formoterol". Yana daukan sakamako a cikin 5-10 minti. Ana iya amfani da wa cire da hare-haren da kuma ya bi da su. Ana iya amfani da yara, amma kawai a karkashin kulawa da ya fara tasawa.
• "Salmetorol". Kuma ta kawar da kai hare-hare a cikin minti. A sakamakon ci gaba har zuwa 12 hours. Wannan magani za a iya amfani kawai da manya.

lura da mashako

Hakika, sau da yawa kamar bukatar bronchodilators mashako. Musamman idan cutar ya koma a kullum mataki ko Bronchial toshewa da aka kiyaye. Domin lura da mashako, za ka iya amfani da mutane da yawa daga bronchodilators. List of kwayoyi zai yi kama da wannan:

• "Izadrin".
• "Ipradol".
• "Salbutamol".
• "Flomax".
• "Eufillin".

Very kyau sakamako a lura da mashako aka samu da yin amfani da bronchodilators ga inhalation amfani da wani nebulizer ko inhaler. A wannan yanayin, bronchodilator, kamar 'Salbutamol', da ke tsaye a cikin kumburi mayar da hankali da kuma fara shafi matsalar ba tare da samun a cikin jini a lokaci guda. Wannan muhimmanci rage bayyanuwar m halayen da miyagun ƙwayoyi. Yana da muhimmanci cewa wadannan hanyoyin za a iya za'ayi da kuma yara ba tare da wata cũta a kiwon lafiya, amma ga mai girma sakamako a lura da cutar.

Kuma yanzu 'yan kalmomi game da m events bronchodilators.

illa

Lokacin amfani bronchodilators short ko dogon-addashin ba zai iya watsi da illa. Lokacin da ka karɓi wani short-aiki bronchodilators - ne kamar 'Salbutamol', 'terbutaline, "" fenoterol "- ne zai yiwu ba a ke so sakamakon:

• Juwa.
• Ciwon kai.
• Twitching, tremors da wata gabar jiki.
• Jitters.
• Tachycardia, palpitations.
• Arrhythmia.
• Karuwan jini.
• Hypersensitivity.
• Hypokalemia.

Ci saki formulations, kamar "Salmeterol" "formoterol", halin da wadannan illa:

• Tsãwa da hannuwansa da ƙafafunsa.
• Juwa.
• Ciwon kai.
• Muscle twitching.
• Palpitations.
• Canje-canje a dandano.
• Tashin zuciya.
• barci tashin hankali.
• Hypokalemia.
• Marasa lafiya da fuka iya ci gaba mai tsanani paradoxical bronchospasm.

A abin da ya faru na wani illa dole ne ka gaya your likita don daidaita kashi ko canja magani.

contraindications

Akwai cututtuka a cikin abin da amfani da aka contraindicated bronchodilators aiki gajeren lokaci. wato:

• Hyperthyroidism.
• Cututtukan zuciya.
• Hauhawar jini.
• Ciwon sukari.
• Cirrhosis.

Ya kamata ka ma ya mai da hankali a gaban wadannan yanayi a lokacin da samun bronchodilators sauran kungiyoyin.

Note kuma cewa ga mata masu ciki ne mafi kyau ga zabi wani short-aiki bronchodilators. Duration da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Theophylline" za a iya dauka da 2 sharuddan ba fiye da 1 a rana sau. Kafin bayarwa a 2-3 makonni wajibi ne a kawar da tsawon aiki. Bronchodilators liyafar.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa, ba duk bronchodilators iya gudanar ga yara, reno iyaye mata da kuma mata masu ciki.

Kafin yin amfani da wadannan magunguna tabbata tuntubar tare da likita.

tsõratar

Idan kana sanya bronchodilators, da yin amfani da kwayoyi da kuma sashi ya kamata a lura da tsananin don kauce wa cutar da su lafiya.

Jiyya na yara tare da yin amfani da wani nebulizer ko inhaler bronchodilator gudanar da tsananin karkashin kulawa na fara tasawa.

Yana dole ne musamman hankali a zalunta mutane da ciwon:

• Zuciya kari disturbances.
• Hawan jini.
• Ciwon sukari mellitus.
• Glaucoma.

Tsanaki ya kamata a yi amfani da tare da wasu bronchodilators sympathomimetics. Note cewa zai iya ci gaba hypokalemia tare da concomitant gwamnati da theophylline, corticosteroids, diuretics.

Bronchodilators ya kamata a dauka kawai a kan takardar sayen magani. Ka tuna cewa kai-magani ne rai barazana.