Ban sha'awa facts daga rayuwar Saltykov-Shchedrin. Brief biography da ayyukansu

Michael Evgrafovich - mai girma Rasha marubuci kuma satirist. Saltykov-Shchedrin ta rayuwa ta fara a 1826, 27 (15) na Janairu a Tver lardin a kauyen Spas-Ugol. Ya hereditary bafadan da iyalinsa ya m.

Saltykov-Shchedrin: Biography - A takaice dai tarihi na yarantaka

A nan gaba marubuci ya umarci mahaifiyarsa. Zabelina Olga Mihaylovna shi gaba daya bã tãre da bil'adama, da kuma siffarta daga baya aiwatuwa a cikin "Ubangiji Golovlyovo". The iyali da 'ya'ya shida, kuma duk da cewa Michael aka sani a matsayin mai fi so, iyali kowa, ya navidalsya full. Amma idan yana da wani yãro, a akasin haka, zafin. Tsawon har zuwa shekaru goma, marubucin nan ya bayyana a kusan autobiographical "Poshehonsky tsufa." Saltykov ko da yaushe tuna da yara tare da haushi da kuma, kamar yadda mai mulkin, ba na son magana game da shi. Da yara dauki wuri mafi yawa a kawaicin da nake yi, duk mazan yara riga ya bar su koyi. Kuma ya tarbiyyar yi kadan domin real.

biyuntakar

Ban sha'awa facts daga rayuwar Saltykov-Shchedrin An riga an fara da ta sunan. Na biyu sassa wannan shi ne na farko - Saltykov, da kuma na biyu - Shchedrin - bayyana daga baya a matsayin wanda aka ce masa. Ransa alama da za a kasu kashi biyu: Saltykov - hukuma da Shchedrin - marubuci, satirist kuma marubuci.

Career Saltykov

Saltykov Mihail Evgrafovich ya fara aiki tare da fitar. A watan Agusta 1844 ya aka lasafta a cikin St. Petersburg ta ofishin, a 1846 saurayin akwai iya samun wurin zama a cikin Mataimakin Sakataren War ministan. Kuma a shekaru 22, a 1848, ya aka fitar da su Vyatka for farko da wallafe-wallafen da bincike. Duk da haka, ya ci gaba da bauta wa, da kuma aiki ya m. Ya sau biyu aiki a matsayin mataimakin gwamnan: a lardin Ryazan I v Tverskoy.

wallafe-wallafen halarta a karon

A 1847, da halarta a karon na Saltykov-Shchedrin a matsayin marubuci. A farko review, sa'an nan biyu labarai, da aka buga a mujallar "Notes da Fatherland". Sai suka tafi a karkashin pseudonyms M. Nepanov da kuma MS

Real daraja ya zo da shi a 1856 lokacin da ya wallafa jerin "lardin makala", daga wannan lokacin, ya kuma tafi yi pseudonym Nikolay Schedrin, wanda daga baya ya zama wani ɓangare na sunansa. Kuma akwai wani hadisin ya buga ayyukansu a hawan keke.

almara

Makala Shchedrin farko a kan gwamnatin umarni, waɗanda suka kamata kashe wadannan umarni, don tilasta. Saltykov-Shchedrin Mikhail Evgrafovich musamman ya sadaukar da aikin hoto Rasha jami'an zuwa tsakiyar 60s.

Shchedrin-marubuci ya fara fi a kan Saltykov-hukuma. Wannan shi ne musamman a fili ya zo a lokacin da N. A. Nekrasov zo a cikin mujallar "Notes da Fatherland" da kuma kiran a matsayin co-edita na Saltykov-Shchedrin. A 1868, Saltykov-hukuma taba bada hanya ga marubuci Shchedrin.

Tun 1878, bayan mutuwar Nekrasov, Saltykov-Shchedrin zama tafin kafa edita na "Notes da Fatherland". A wani epoch a cikin rayuwarsa.

Ban sha'awa facts daga rayuwar Saltykov-Shchedrin a matsayin zargi

Saltykov-Shchedrin kansa ga kansa, kamar yadda wani mai zargi. Criticism harsãshensa, umarni jami'ai. A cikin 60s, ya sami kansa a karkashin "wuta" yan'uwanmu marubuta.

Gaskiyar cewa marubuci yayi karatu a satire, amma ba ta fuskar wani waje Kiyayewa, amma wani mutum wanda shi ne ya ga yanayi. Shi ne wannan da ya sha nanata zargi Saltykov-Shchedrin. Kuma mafi vocal zargi ya Dmitriy Ivanovich Pisarev. Ya ce cewa yana da bai isa ba kawai don ba'a data kasance tsarin, da kuma a general, shi ne reprehensible yi na izgili da ba komai haqqinsa jihar inji, kamar yadda mafi ɓangare na shi. Yana da wani paradox daga wani halin kirki ra'ayi. Pisarev kullum imani da cewa adabi kamata ba yarda, da girke-girke, da yadda za a zauna da masu karatu. Ya ce, misali, cewa Pushkin ya m. Bayan duk, sanar da "Eugene Onegin"?

Pisarev jefa Saltykov-Shchedrin da kuma mai karfi da tsautawa. An yi imani da cewa a cikin 60s fuskantar juna biyu trends a Rasha adabi: tsarkakakke art cewa har abada ne kyakkyawa, da kuma} ungiyoyin wallafe-wallafe. Da alama ya zama ayyukan Saltykov-Shchedrin nasa ne da na biyu na ambata yankunan. Amma Pisarev ce wani abu abin ƙyama cewa Saltykov-Shchedrin ne m fashion a adabi a bushe da dariya, banter, nasmeshnichestvo, wanda yana da kõme ba yi da gaske canji na gaskiya.

Canje-canje a cikin ayyukan

A nuna na 60s - 70s Mikhail Evgrafovich offers da masu karatu wani sabon abu - wannan ba kawai a jerin makala, kuma dukan aikin - "The Story of a City". Yana da wani parody na kyautatawa tarihi tarihin. A garin hidima a matsayin abin koyi ga duniya. City wauta - shi ke nan game da Rasha. Wannan aikin yana da muhimmanci sosai zargi da burokrasi.

A cikin tsakiyar 80s ayyukan Saltykov-Shchedrin zama sabon. Ya kira su tatsuniyoyi. Sun kasance sũ ne game da talatin. Suna cike da siyasa satire da aka buga a cikin jaridar "Rasha Gazette", wanda a kanta ne m. Bayan duk, tatsuniyoyi yawanci a cikin jaridu ba buga. Amma shi ne ainihin wannan, marubucin ya ce yana so: a labari duk ba a iyakance. Kamar yadda ya saba tatsuniyoyi, a cikin ayyukansu akwai wani farin ciki endings. A cike suke da irony kuma mafi kamar labaru da kuma litattafan.

A wani satirical Rasha adabi taka muhimmiyar rawa ne Saltykov-Shchedrin. Biography summary ba zai iya kai ga cikar asiri na wannan sabon abu a Rasha adabi, Mikhail Evgrafovich. Sun kira shi mai girma diagnostician sharrurruka da ailments.

Ban sha'awa facts daga rayuwar Saltykov-Shchedrin gaya mutanen da suka yi aiki tare da shi. Yana ce cewa halinsa ya kasance sosai juyayi da kuma m. Kuma wannan yana rinjayar da aiki. Saboda haka, yana da wuya a karanta. Works ba za a iya "lõma".

"Golovlevs" - daya daga cikin mafi duhu abubuwa Rasha wallafe-wallafe. Shin cewa Dostoevsky kusata ta rubuta "The Brothers Karamazov."

Ban sha'awa facts daga rayuwar Saltykov-Shchedrin hada da cewa da yawa daga cikin kalmomi cewa mu har yanzu amfani, ƙirƙirarru, kuma gabatar da adabi da kuma rayuwar shi. Alal misali, kalmar nan "spineless." Michael Evgrafovich halitta da kuma gabatar a adabi nasu tsarin na m allusions. Marubucin kuma kokarin rubuta wakoki, amma bayan na farko da m bincike alkalami shayari ragu har abada. Saltykov-Shchedrin karatu a cikin wannan makaranta, da kuma cewa Aleksandr Sergeevich Pushkin, kuma wannan shi ne inda suka fara rubuta.

Marubuci rayu shekaru 63. Ya mutu a cikin bazara na 1889.