Antileukotriene kwayoyi na sabon ƙarni: jerin mafi kyau

Antileukotriene kwayoyi wakiltar wani sabon aji na jamiái cewa rage kumburi tafiyar matakai da suke da rashin lafiyan ko dauke da kwayar cutar etiology.

Domin fahimtar manufa na mataki na wadannan kwayoyi, shi wajibi ne su fahimci abin da su ne leukotrienes.

leukotrienes

Su shiga tsakani na kumburi. Bisa ga sinadaran tsarin, su ne m acid, wanda aka kafa daga arachidonic acid.

Leukotrienes suna da hannu a cikin ci gaban da asma. Kazalika da histamine, su ne shiga tsakani na rashin lafiyan halayen da nan da nan irin. Histamine iya haifar da wani m amma gajere bronchospasm da leukotrienes sa jinkiri da kuma ƙara spasm.

Kamar yadda classified antileukotriene kwayoyi?

A halin yanzu, leukotrienes suna classified kamar haka: A _4, B _4, C _4, D _4, E _4.

Kira na leukotrienes samu daga arachidonic acid. Shi ne a ƙarƙashin rinjayar 5-lipoxygenase Saide leukotriene A _4. Bayan da cewa akwai wani cascade dauki, wanda ke haifar da wadannan nau'i leukotrienes B ₄ -C ₄ -D ₄ -E _4. A karshe samfurin wannan dauki - LTE _4.

Tabbatar da cewa LTE _4, D _4, E ₄ iya sa bronchoconstrictor sakamako, karuwa da gamsai mugunya iya bayar da gudummawa ga ci gaban edema, hana mucociliary yarda.

B _4, D _4, E ₄ da chemotactic aiki, Ina nufin iya jawo hankalin neutrophils da eosinophils a cikin kumburi tsari zone.

Masana kimiyya sun nuna cewa leukotrienes ake samar da macrophages, mast Kwayoyin, eosinophils, neutrophils, T-lymphocytes, wanda aka kai tsaye da hannu a kumburi halayen. Antileukotriene kwayoyi a asma ne sau da yawa amfani.

Bayan da Kwayoyin zo a cikin lamba tare da wani allergen kuma sanyaya faru Airways ko bayan jiki aikinsa, kunna LT kira. Wannan ne, da kira zai fara a lõkacin da osmolarity na Bronchial ciki ƙaruwa.

Hudu kungiyoyin da kwayoyi

Yana yanzu, aka sani a duk hudu kungiyoyin antileukotriene kwayoyi:

1. "Zileuton", wanda yake shi ne kai tsaye hanawa na 5-lipoxygenase.
2. Formulations wanda suke hanawa floppy, gargadi aiwatar da dauri da furotin da arachidonic acid.
3. "Zafirlukast", "Pobilukast", "Montelukast", "pranlukast", "verlukast" wanda suke antagonists na leukotriene rabe sulfidopeptidnyh.
4. Kwayoyi da suke antagonists na leukotriene B ₄ tsoka mai amsa sigina.

A mafi karatu ne antileukotriene kwayoyi na farko kungiyar da kuma na uku kungiyar na kudi. Ka yi la'akari da wadannan kungiyoyin a more daki-daki.

"Zileuton"

"Zileuton" ne a reversible hanawa na 5-lipoxygenase. Shi ne iya hana samuwar sulfidopeptidnyh The LT da RT _4. Da miyagun ƙwayoyi iya samun bronchodilator effects zaunanniya har zuwa biyar hours. Har ila yau, shi ne iya hana abin da ya faru na Bronchial spasm, wanda shi ne wani sakamako na daukan hotuna zuwa sanyi iska ko "asfirin".

Wurare da dama a nazarin tabbatar da cewa "Zileuton" sanya wa marasa lafiya fama da Bronchial fuka daya zuwa watanni shida, na iya rage bukatar da mãsu haƙuri a inhaled β2-agonists da corticosteroids. A guda kashi "zileuton" tsõratar da ya faru na sneezing da nakasa daga 'ya'yan hanci numfashi a marasa lafiya da suke fama da rashin lafiyan rhinitis bayan hanci gwamnatin allergen.

The shida-mako far da "zileuton" atopic fuka nuna wani gagarumin sakamakon. Likitoci suka ce high quality-ragewan na eosinophils da neutrophils. Har ila yau, shi ya ragu da ƙari necrosis factor a bronchoalveolar lavage ruwaye bayan allergen irin gwajin. Wannan shi ne abin da yake na musamman antileukotriene kwayoyi, ginshikai na aikin dogara ne a kan wannan.

"Zileuton" halin da mun gwada gajeren lokaci, a lokacin da akwai ta rabin-rai. Wannan ya nuna cewa da miyagun ƙwayoyi ya kamata a dauka akai-akai isa zuwa sau hudu a rana. Bugu da kari, "Zileuton" iya rage yarda da theophylline. Yana dole ne a yi la'akari, idan an zaci layi daya mai karɓa theophylline da kuma "zileuton". Wannan shi ne, na farko kashi ya kamata a rage. Idan "Zileuton" An sanya wani dogon lokaci, shi wajibi ne don saka idanu da matakin na hanta enzymes.

Amma akwai antileukotriene sabon ƙarni na kwayoyi, da jerin da aka nuna a kasa.

Jamiái wanda suke antagonists na leukotrienes sulfidopeptidnyh, gasa ne sosai zabe da kuma reversible blockers LT D ₄ rabe. Wadannan kwayoyi hada da "pranlukast" "Zafirlukast", "Montelukast."

"Akolat" ( "Zafirlukast")

"Zafirlukast" aka "Akolat" shi ne mafi karatu na wannan kungiya na antileukotriene miyagun ƙwayoyi abubuwa. Shi ne kuma aiki bronchodilator fuskantarwa. A sakamako yana for quite lokaci mai tsawo, har zuwa biyar hours. "Zafirlukast" tsari ne iya hana ci gaban wani asthmatic dauki a yanayin saukan na allergen inhalation. Ingancinta an tabbatar, da kuma rigakafin Bronchial spasm, wanda aka tsokane ta sanyi iska, asfirin, jiki aiki, pollutants. Active miyagun ƙwayoyi, da kuma shirye-shiryen "Montelukast" iya bunkasa bronchodilator aiki na β2-agonists.

"Akolat" ( "Zafirlukast") da kyau absorbability, da ganiya maida hankali a cikin jini da aka samu bayan sa'o'i uku bayan ta gwamnati. Its rabin rayuwa tsawon dan kadan fiye da "zileuton", kuma shi ne 10 hours. Bugu da kari, yana da wani sakamako a kan yarda da theophylline. Yarda da aiki da miyagun ƙwayoyi ya zama ko dai sa'a kafin ci abinci, ko a cikin sa'o'i biyu bayan haka, tun da abinci da yawa na rage sha iya aiki. Yana nufin jure quite da kyau.

ƙarshe

Antileukotriene kwayoyi domin allergies za a iya amfani da yara, amma ba kafin su isa biyu. Da taimakon wadannan magunguna a yara bi da tare da maimaita mashako, rashin lafiyan rhinitis, m asma.