Anisotropic Tace. Practical amfani da kari: anisotropic tacewa

Anisotropic tacewa ne daya daga cikin abubuwa na zamani graphics, abin da ya sa da yawa masu amfani don magana game da yadda a yau sanya samuwa da dama image kayan haɓɓaka aiki da fasaha domin masu amfani.

Ba lallai ba ne su boye gaskiyar cewa yana da muhimmanci ga yan wasa a yau mafi high quality-uku-girma graphics, da kuma sũ ne suka yau ne kusan kawai abokan ciniki kowane irin sababbin hanyoyin fasaha a filin na graphics cards. Bayan duk, high-ikon totur a lokacin za su iya kawai za a bukata a yayin da ba ka bukatar ka gudu wasu karshe-tsara wasan, a cikinsa akwai wata gaske m engine aiki hadaddun shaders na daban-daban versions.

Menene maps?

Shin, wasu overdeveloped engine a zamaninmu - shi ne mai tsanani sharar gida na albarkatun. Kuma a lokaci guda wani gagarumin hadarin. Wadannan dabaru amfani kawai high-kasafin kudin ayyukan ga manyan-sikelin talla, wanda a gaba, ko kafin a saki, m cewa wasan za a rayayye kawar da toshiya daga shelves. Har ila yau, na lura shi ne gaskiya cewa, a 'yan shekarun nan musamman da hankali ga "siyasa" a kan zamani game engine, domin a fagen wasan cin lokaci mai tsawo da suka wuce akwai wani manufofin cewa ya fi son ya yi la'akari da bukatun na biyu manyan kamfanoni a fagen graphics sarrafawa - An NVDIA da ATI.

Kamfanin lokaci mai tsawo gasar da juna, kuma a gaskiya babu wani hange cewa a nan gaba za su iya kawo karshen adawa, amma ga masu amfani da shi ne kawai a hannun. Yanzu shi ne bai isa wajen samar da wani sosai high quality-engine, ku ma bukatar goyon bayan daya daga cikin masu kera, wanda ko da kafa nasu affiliate shirye-shirye domin igrodelov.

A jadawalin da ke tsiro da kuma tsiro ...

Make mai cikakkar juyin juya halin a fagen 3D-graphics injuna da wuya, don haka da cewa wadannan juyin suke gwada da rare. Duk da haka, a cikin wannan yanayin, ba shakka, da image quality aka inganta lokaci-lokaci a kan lokaci da kuma, Oddly isa, shi ya faru kawai a kasa da mafita daga wasu tabbataccen "sell" wasanni kamar Crysis.

Ya dogara ne a kan anisotropic tacewa, kazalika da ake kira anti-aliasing ne da za'ayi a yau a saki wata babbar dama daban-daban video direbobi ga kowane manufacturer, da kuma kowane kamfanin na da m da kuma manufofin game da wannan ingantawa, wanda shi ne quite sau da yawa kamar ba ga kowa da kowa.

Mene ne anisotropic tacewa?

Anisotropic Tace - shi ne mai na musamman Hanyar inganta laushi a saman da suke a wani kwana dangi zuwa kamara. Hakazalika kamar yadda bilinear ko trilinear, anisotropic damar kawar da aliasing a kan daban-daban saman, amma shi ya gabatar da wani m blurring, game da shi, da kiyaye m daki-daki image.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin wasanni anisotropic tacewa aka aiwatar ta wajen wani hadadden lissafi, ta haka ne samar da wani gwada da kananan "almubazzaranci" na saituna a cikin wasanni da aka lura kawai tun 2004.

Domin ya fahimci abin da yake anisotropic tacewa, kana bukatar ka yi wasu muhimman ilmi a cikin wannan yanki. Hakika, a yau kowane mai amfani fahimci cewa allon da aka hada da mai yawa daban-daban pixels, wanda lambar dogara da ƙuduri kai tsaye. Domin nuna siffar a kan allo graphics da za a sarrafa da launi na kowane pixel.

manufa na aiki

Zaɓi wani takamaiman irin zane, wanda yayi dace da wani ƙuduri, wanda aka located a fadin shugabanci na nazari. Bayan haka, yana daukan 'yan texels ne tare da Viewing shugabanci, bi da averaging su launi.

Tun da allo iya zama fiye da miliyan daya pixels, da kuma kowane texel a cikin wannan yanayin ne ba kasa da 32 ragowa, anisotropic tacewa wasanni bukatar musamman high bandwidth video damar, wanda ba samar da dama da har ma da mafi zamani na'urorin. Yana da wannan dalilin cewa irin wannan babban memory bukatun an rage ta hanyar amfani da caching, kazalika da qware irin zane matsawa da fasaha.

Yaya ta yi aiki?

Tabbatar da dalilin da launi pixels ne da za'ayi da ake ji da polygons textured image kunshi pixels girma image - texels, wanda ake superimposed a 3D-surface. Babban rudanin da a wannan harka shi ne daidai abin da texels zai ƙayyade launi daga cikin pixel a kan allo. Domin mafi fahimtar siffofin da cewa rarrabe anisotropic tacewa, kana bukatar ka yi tunanin abin da allo - yana da wani babban kuka, a kan abin da akwai babban iri-iri na ramuka, kowanne daga abin wakiltar wani pixel.

Don sanin da launi na a pixel a kan wani uku-girma scene wanda yake a baya na kuka, shi ne kawai isa ya duba cikin jerin rami. Yanzu tunanin cewa haske katako wuce ta wurin shi, sa'an nan samun a kan gonakinmu, da idan za a located in a layi daya game da su wurin shigarwa, a wannan yanayin, samun wani zagaye tabo haske. Idan ba haka ba, da tabo za a da ɗan gurbata, watau. E. Za riga da an elliptical siffar. Yana polygons cewa an sanya shi a cikin wani haske tabo, kuma zai ƙayyade launi kowane mutum pixel.

Me ya sa yake dole?

Mutane da yawa sun gaskata cewa anisotropic tacewa da ake amfani na musamman a domin su samar da mafi image quality, amma a gaskiya yana da kawai karshen sakamakon, wadda aka bayar da shi ne ba kawai saboda da tacewa da kanta.

Lokacin da kafa musamman image irin zane shirye-shirye ba biyu-matakin irin zane tacewa cewa tace wakilci m da kuma iyakar nisa da cewa sanin abin da takamaiman tace aikin da aka yi amfani da tsari na kafa siffar irin zane a cikin al'amarin, idan kamara ne motsi tafi ko gabatowa shi.

Alal misali, wanda zai iya la'akari da lokacin da trilinear ko anisotropic tacewa da ake amfani a cikin kimantawa, Ina nufin idan kowane texel fara da manyan girma da kuma riga ta rufe mahara pixels. Domin ya cire a cikin wannan halin da ake ciki aliasing da tace shi za a yi amfani da. Ya kamata a lura da cewa a cikin irin wannan halin da ake ciki, wannan bayani ne nisa daga mafi kyau duka kamar yadda tacewa (anisotropic ko trilinear) blurs da hoton kadan. Domin ba wani karin idon basira ra'ayi na hoto, za su buƙaci kara ƙuduri na tsarin.

Ta yaya zan zabi?

Hakika, duk wani mai amfani da kuma talakawa yan wasa akwai quite mai ma'ana tambaya. Yau akwai wani tri-mikakke kuma anisotropic tacewa - abin da ke da kyau? A gaskiya, mafi alhẽri, ba shakka, shi ne anisotropic fasaha. The abu ne cewa, tri-mikakke tacewa ba sosai daidai calculates da launi na kowane texel, kuma ya zama mafi daidai, shi ya aikata ba daidai ba to ya fatan, idan muna magana ne game da karkata jirage. Aikace-aikace anisotropic fasahar damar kari a halin yanzu amfani da tacewa halaye, daidaitawa da kwana. Kamar wancan ne da ya fi girma da kwana, da girma zai zama inganci da labarun almara da suke iya samar da anisotropic irin zane tacewa. Duk da haka, a lokaci guda dole ne mu gane cewa shi zai dauki da kuma mafi yawan katunan for data aiki iko.

Yadda yana taimaka?

Ya kamata ka ba sa ran cewa, yana yiwuwa, bayan hada da uku-girma graphics ayyuka fabulously inganta, mafi ko da a babban kusassari da wani blurring da aka samu, amma a general a sakamakon, ka samu wani karin idon basira hoto. A wannan batun, kowane mutum na da kansa ne free to yanke shawara ko ya kamata amfani da wannan da kuma yadda zai zama m ga shi.

Tun da karfi sosai kyautata a cikin ingancin images, wannan aiki ba a tabbatar da cewa mutanen da suka kokarin kara kwaikwayon na wasan a kan ba da mafi m kwakwalwa, neman yadda za a musaki anisotropic tacewa. Bukatar wannan aiki shi ne kadan incommensurate idan aka kwatanta da abin da haifar da shi na samar da, don haka yana da daraja da tunanin yadda za a kashe ta farko.

Point Samfur

Point Samfur yau wakiltar mafi sauki embodiment na yadda da launi na a pixel aka ƙaddara. Wannan algorithm dogara ne a kan irin zane image, a lokacin da zabi wani guda texel, located kusa yadda ya kamata zuwa ga tsakiyar haske tabo. Ba shi da wuya a tsammani cewa irin wannan wani zaɓi ne ba mafi kyau duka, a matsayin launi daga cikin pixel da za a ƙaddara lokaci guda da mahara texels, da kuma zaba a wannan yanayin, kawai daya, hasken tabo iya canza ta siffar, da algorithm ba la'akari.

Babban drawback, wanda aka halin irin anisotropic tacewa, shi ne gaskiya cewa a isasshe kusa da kusanci zuwa ga allo da yawan pixels za a iya muhimmanci ƙãra idan aka kwatanta da yawan texels, don haka da cewa image zama ba haka ba ne mai ban sha'awa. A ake kira tarewa sakamako na da yawa fiye da lura a cikin "haihuwa" kwamfuta wasanni.